2024年高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集5
2024高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集5
Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關
1.quality n. 質量;品質;性質,特征 quantity n. 數量
be of good/bad quality 好/壞的品質
be of high/poor quality 優/劣質
extra fine quality 特等
first-rate quality 一等
[即學即練1]
(1)He has a watch _________________.他有只質量好的手表。
(2)One ______ of wood is that it can burn.木材的一個特性是可以燃燒。
(3)It's cheaper to buy goods __________________.購物的量大就便宜一些。
答案是:of good quality;quality;in large quantities
2.devote vt. (與 to 連用)獻身;專心于
devoted adj. 熱愛的;忠誠的
devoteoneself time one's life money energy+to sth.把……用在,
doing sth. 把……獻給
sb. be devoted to 專心致志于;忠于;很喜歡
a devoted friend 一位忠實的朋友
[即學即練2]
(1)She devoted her lifetime ____________ homeless children.她把一生用來幫助無家可歸的孩子。
(2)His whole life has been devoted ____________ the origin of cancer.他的一生都獻給了對癌癥起因的研究。
(3)After he graduated, he continued to ______________research.畢業之后他繼續致力于研究工作。
答案是:to helping;to studying;devote himself to
3.vote vt. & vi.投票,選舉 n.投票;選票;表決
vote for投票贊成
vote against投票反對
vote on投票表決
vote...down投票擊敗,投票否決
vote through投票通過
put...to the vote付諸表決,裁決
[即學即練3]
(1)Did you ________________________ her?你投了她的贊成票還是反對票?
(2)He ____________ the most promising new director.他當選為最有前途的新導演。
(3)The plan was passed by 6 ____________ 3.這項計劃以6票對3票獲得通過。
答案是:vote for or against;was voted;votes to
提示:vote for表示“投票贊同”; vote against表示“投票反對”,類似結構還有“be for/against; fight for/against”。
4.equal vt. 等于;抵得上adj. 相等的;勝任的
n. 同等/相等的人或物
equality n. 平等
A equals B in...A在……方面比得上B
be equal to+n./doing sth. 等于;與……相等;有……的能力 (勇氣、力量等);勝任,能干
be without equal/have no equal 無與倫比
[即學即練4]
(1)He equals me ______ strength but not ______ intelligence.他和我力氣相當,但智力不同。
(2)Are men equal ______ women ______ physical strength?在體力上男人和女人相同嗎?
(3)She did not feel equal ____________ visitors.她覺得自己不適合接待來客。
(4)Yao Ming is a basketball player ____________ in China.在中國,姚明是個無與倫比的籃球運動員。
答案是:in in;to in;to receiving;without equal
5.escape vi. 逃脫;逃走vt. 避免;免除 n.逃跑;逸出;出口
escape from 從……逃脫,逃走
escape+n./doing sth. 避免(做)某事
a narrow/near escape死里逃生
fire escape太平梯,安全梯;安全出口
[即學即練5]
(1)The bird has _____________ its cage.小鳥已從籠中逃掉了。
(2)Is the gas ____________ somewhere?是不是有地方漏氣?
(3)How can we escape ___________/______________?我們怎樣才不會被人發現?
(4)His name _________ me for the moment.我一時想不起他的名字來。
答案是:escaped from;escaping;observation;being observed;escapes
6.reward n. 報酬;獎金;vt. 酬勞,獎賞
rewarding adj. 報答的,有益的,值得的
as a reward for 作為(對某事的)報酬/獎賞
in reward of 為酬謝……;作為獎勵
reward sb. for sth./doing sth. 為(做)某事而報答某人
reward sb. with sth. 用某物獎賞某人
[即學即練6]
(1)It's __________________ virtue.那是對美德的回報。
(2)I don't expect anything ____________; I did it because I enjoyed it.我不指望得到什么報答,我做這件事只是因為我喜歡干。
(3)They ________ the boy ______ £5 ______ bringing back the lost dog.他們給了那個男孩五英鎊,酬謝他把走失的狗送回來。
答案是:a reward for;in reward;rewarded with for
7.out of work 失業
out of business 破產;歇業
out of control 失控
out of repair 失修
out of order 有毛病
out of date 過時
out of one's reach 夠不著
out of danger 脫險
out of question 毫無疑問
out of the question 不可能的
out of patience 失去耐心
out of temper 發脾氣
out of mind 心不在焉
[即學即練7]
(1)________________,______________.[諺]眼不見,心不念。(離久情疏。)
(2)He’s been __________________for six months.他已經失業六個月了。
(3)It is __________________that he will be admitted into key universities.他能考上重點大學是不成問題的。
答案是:Out of sight;out of mind;out of work;out of question
8.in trouble 處在困難/麻煩中(表狀態)
get (sb.) into/out of trouble 使(某人)陷入/擺脫困境(表動作)
ask/look for trouble 找麻煩
make trouble 鬧事;搗亂
have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有麻煩
take the trouble to do sth. 不辭辛苦地做某事
put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻煩某人做某事
[即學即練8]
(1)My friends always help me out when I am ____________(有麻煩時).
(2)Don’t mention my name, or you’ll ________________ (給我惹麻煩).
(3)They ________________________(費心地) find the right person.
答案是:in trouble;get me into trouble;took great trouble to
9.lose heart (=be discouraged) 氣餒;灰心;泄氣
lose one's heart to sth.(=devote oneself to sth.) 把身心投入到……
lose one's heart to sb. (=fall in love with sb.)喜歡……
[即學即練9]
(1)It is said that the team lost the game simply because the team leader ____________.據說這個隊比賽輸了就是因為隊長喪失了信心。
(2)Don’t ____________; all will turn out well.不要失去勇氣,一切都會好起來的。
答案是:lost heart;lose heart
拓展:put one's heart into 把全部心思放在……
have sth. in one's heart 把……放在心上
have one's heart in sth. 對某事有興趣
set one's heart on/upon sth. 渴望/熱衷于某事
learn...by heart 記?。槐痴b
take heart 振作精神,鼓起勇氣
10.turn to求助于;致力于
turn away拒絕,不準某人入內
turn around轉身
turn down拒絕;調小
turn in上交
turn off關掉
turn on打開
turn out趕出;證明是,結果是
turn over翻身,翻轉
turn up露面,出現;開大
[即學即練10]
(1)Nobody seems to understand. I don’t know who to ____________.似乎沒人懂這個,我不知道該向誰求助。
(2)Paul __________________ alcohol to try to forget his problems at work.保羅借酒消愁,想忘掉工作中的問題。
(3)The job ______________________ than we thought.這份工作結果比我們想像的更難。
(4)Why did she ____________ your invitation?她為什么拒絕你的邀請?
答案是:turn to;turned to drinking;turned out(to be) harder;turn down
11.set up 設立;建立
[即學即練11]
寫出下列各句中set up的意思。
(1)They set up a notice on the wall._________
(2)They set up a committee to investigate the matter.__________
(3)Chinese athletes set up quite a few new world records in the 15th Asian Games.____________
答案是:張貼;建立;創(紀錄)
拓展:set about 開始做,著手
set aside 使分離;留出;拔出;不理會
set back 推遲,阻礙
set down 記下;寫下;規定
set off 引起爆炸;動身出發;引起
set out 動身出發;開始;陳述;陳列
易 錯 點 撥
自我完善?誤區備考
1. reward/award/prize
(1)reward 指對某人的服務或工作等的報答,也指因幫助警察抓住罪犯或幫助失主找到東西而得到的獎金、酬金。
(2)award 指為鼓勵在工作中達到或完成所提出的要求或條件的人而進行的獎勵,往往強調榮譽而不在乎獎品的多少。
(3)prize多指在各類競賽、競爭或抽獎中所贏得的“獎,獎品”。
[應用1] (1)She received a medal as a ______ for her courage.她得到一枚獎章,作為對她勇敢的獎賞。
(2)A ______ was given to the person who had the winning number.獎品給了那個獲得中獎號碼的人。
(3)He won the ______ for the best student of the year.他獲得本年度優秀學生獎。
答案是:reward;prize;award
2. 名詞短語或副詞做連詞,引導時間狀語從句
[應用2] (1)Betty shows great interest in this poem now, but she thought it boring ______ she read it.
A.at the first time B.the first time
C.for the first time D.at first
答案:B
解析:the first time“第一次時”,引導時間狀語從句。
(2)My sister came ______ she got my short message.
A.exactly B.especially C.directly D.simply
答案:C
解析:directly=as soon as“一……就……”,引導時間狀語從句。
(3)He left Europe ______ World War Ⅱ broke out.
A.the year B.in the year
C.during the year D.for the year
答案:A
解析:the year“在……這一年”,引導時間狀語從句。
自我測評?技能備考
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.He was made ______________(董事長) of the club.
2.He is the sort of man to be trusted because he always lives up to his _______________ (原則).
3.His effort was _____________ (回報) with great success.
4.Most children in cities are better __________ (教育) than those in the countryside.
5.He was ____________ (判刑) to death.
答案是:president;principle;rewarded;educated;sentenced
6.She cried in t__________ when she saw a snake.
7.Black people are born e______ to the whites so they should share the same rights as them.
8.This company is more concerned with q________ than with quantity.
9.He is s_________ and he is always thinking of himself.
10.In my o__________, we should put off the sports meeting.
答案是:terror;equal;quality;selfish;opinion
Ⅱ .單項選擇
1.As ______ matter of fact, ______ beauty of ______ nature there made an excellent impression on me.
A.a; the; / B.a; the; the C.the; the; / D.a; /; the
答案:A
解析:考查冠詞。as a matter of fact 實際上,事實上;nature 指“大自然”,不用冠詞。
2.The police ______ roadblocks on routes out of the city to prevent the criminal from escaping.
A.set up B.set back
C.set down D.set aside
答案:A
解析:set up “建立,設立”合題意。set back 阻礙;set down 寫下,記下;set aside 留下。
3.(2010?臨川一中)Although ______ my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.
A.in B.against C.for D.on
答案:B
解析:考查介詞用法。語意:雖然老教授反對我的觀點,但是他也沒有提出自己的觀點。前半句是“Although he was against my opinion”的省略結構。
4.—Did you give the book to him?
—Yes. I gave it to him ______ I saw him.
A.once B.the moment
C.while D.suddenly
答案:B
解析:the moment 用做連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“一……就……”。
5.They agreed to the plan ______, but there were some details they didn't like.
A.in danger B.in peace
C.in principle D.in common
答案:C
解析:考查介詞短語。in principle“原則上,大體上”合題意。in danger 危險; in peace 和平;in common 和……一樣。
6.Courage is one of the best ______ of a good soldier.
A.quality B.quantity
C.qualification D.feature
答案:A
解析:指“品質”用 quality。B.數量;C.資格;D.特色,特征。
7.Mr Read made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children.
A.set up B.have set up
C.setting up D.having set up
答案:C
解析:句中的 all后面的 he had為定語從句,此題考查動詞短語 devote...to 的用法。to為介詞,排除A、B兩項。set up schools的動作并未發生,排除D項。
8.Fitness is important in sport, but of at least ______ importance are skills.
A.fair B.reasonable C.equal D.proper
答案:C
解析:be of equal importance 具有同等的重要性。
9.You were lucky to escape ______.
A.punished B.from punishing C.being punished D.from being punished
答案:C
解析:escape being punished=escape punishment 逃過受罰。
10.(2009?宜昌模擬) It is said that the police have offered a large ______ for information leading to the robber's arrest.
A.award B.prize
C.reward D.welfare
答案:C
解析:指“獎賞、酬金”用 reward。
11.In 2009, 3.88 million students graduated from colleges and universities, ______ 20% increase from 2008, some of whom remain out of ______work.
A./; / B.a; / C.a; the D.the; /
答案:B
解析:第一空表示“一個20%的增長率”用a;第二空 out of work “失業”。