2024屆高考英語一輪復習課件：Module5 Unit 2《The Environment》（1）（譯林版湖南專用）
5、 hide from one's responsibility 躲避某人的責任
take responsibility for…承擔對……的責任 responsibility to sb. 中sb.是給你職位或職責的人 responsibility for sb. / sth. 是指sb./sth. 為你要管理或服務的對象 responsible adj. 應承擔責任的 be responsible for… 對……負責 response n. & v. 回應，反應 ◆Children should be taught to take their responsibilities to the society, not hide from them.
應該教育孩子去承擔他們對社會的責任，而不是逃避責任。 ◆I'm responsible for the children and this is my responsibility to their parents.
我的責任是管好這些孩子，我要對他們的父母負責。 ◆Who will be responsible for the accident?
誰將對此事故負責？ He feels as if he alone ______ what had happened.
A. is responsible to
B. should be responsible to
C. be responsible for
D. were responsible for D as if后的從句可用虛擬語氣，與現在事實相反時，be動詞用were形式。 6、 be absorbed in (doing)…
沉浸于 / 專注于做……中 ◆My parents are absorbed in making preparations for my journey to the west.
我父母正忙于為我去西部做準備。
absorb v. 吸收，使全神貫注 ◆The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.
這個聰明的男孩吸收了老師能教給他的所有知識。 表示“沉浸于”、“全神貫注于”、“沉迷于”等意思的短語還有：be concentrated on, be focused on, be engaged in, be addicted to(有貶義)等。 ◆All our attention is concentrated on environmental preservation.
我們所有的注意力都在環保上。 ◆They were engaged in conversation.
他們正談得來勁。 ◆Some of the young people are now addicted to playing computer games.
現在有些年輕人沉迷于玩電腦游戲。 ______ in surfing the Internet to get information about the event, Mr. Smith didn't even know somebody was stealing something in his room.
A. Absorbing
B. To be absorbed
C. Absorbed
D. Being absorbed C 過去分詞用作形容詞在句中充當狀語。完整表達為Because he was absorbed in… 1、Then we will open the floor for discussion.
之后我們將展開自由討論。 句中the floor為“發言權”，open the floor 進行 / 開始自由發言。 ◆After an hour's formal debate, the chair opened the floor and made a final discussion.
經過一個小時的正式辯論之后，主席發了言并作出了最終的裁決。
have the floor 有發言權 take the floor 站起來發言 floor的詞義還有：全體與會者，議員席 ◆After they had each said a few words, Professor White took the floor.
他們各自說了幾句話后，懷特教授開始發言。 ◆Are there any views or points on the floor?
會場上有無任何要求或建議？ 2、 First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. 首先我今天跟大家談談世界上大片區域是怎樣受化學污染而被破壞的。 the way (that/in which)… ……的方法 通常先行詞the way 在從句中充當方式狀語的時候，其后定語從句的關系詞用that / in which，也可以省略。 ◆The way (that / in which) they solved the problem was amazing.
他們解決這個問題的方法很奇妙。 另外，“做……的方法”還可用the way to do… / the way of doing… the first / second / last time等充當先行詞，在從句中充當狀語時，定語從句的關系詞選用that，而且也可以省略。 ◆The first time (that) I saw you, you were playing basketball.
我第一回見到你時，你正在打籃球。
D 該題中的先行詞the way在定語從句中充當的是賓語而非狀語。 They were used to the way ______ Mr. Smith told them to solve these problems.
A. of that
B. in which
C. how
D. which 3、The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 目前的世界人口與1800年相比已經增長到當時的6倍。 population n. 人口，人口數；人，居民(集合名詞) population 表示“人口”時是不可數名詞；表示“(某一地區的)全體居民”時是可數名詞。 ◆The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.
中國人口比日本人口多得多。 ◆About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.
整個村莊約30%的人口受到這種病的侵襲。 (1) 表示“人口多/少”： a large / small population； 問一個地方的人口數：What is the population of… 表示一個地方擁有多少人口：has / with a population of… (2) 復習表示“增長”、“減少”的一些表達方式： 表示增長到：grow to, increase to, rise to, climb to； 表示以……(程度 / 比例 / 比率)增長：grow / increase / rise / climb by… 表示減少到：fall / drop / decrease to… 表示以……(程度 / 比例 / 比率)減少：fall / drop / decrease by… ①C 第一空表示“人口少”，用small；第二空用復數謂語，是因為主語population在這里表示“村民”、“居民”。 ①This is a beautiful village with a ______ population of 300, and only 15% of them ______ to develop the village into a tourist resort.
A. little; agrees
B. little; agree
C. small; agree
D. small; agrees ②B 根據后面的百分比可知用介詞by, 又根據其前面的amazing及全句的意思可知是“增長”了60%。 ②It is quite amazing that the income of the people in the city has ______ 60% in the last two years.
A. increased
B. risen by
C. decreased by
D. grown to 1. C 這里表示“種類繁多”，應用range。 1. This restaurant has become popular for its wide ______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.(2010·湖北)
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle 2. C a second chance 又一機會；make a first impression此處表示泛指。 2. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ______ second chance to make ______ first impression.(2010·北京)
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. a; a
D. the; a Module5·Unit2 The environment（1） 1、 range n. ①[C](常用單數)(變動或浮動的)范圍，界限，區域 beyond/outside the range of超出了……的范圍 in the range of在……范圍內 ②[C](常用單數)種類；一系列 a wide/full/great/diverse range of一系列；各種 ③ 視覺或聽覺范圍 in/within range(of sth.)在可及的范圍內，在視覺/聽覺范圍內 out of range(of sth.)在視覺/聽覺范圍之外 1、 range ◆The price range is from $100 to $500.
價格從100美元到500美元不等。 ◆This type of work is outside/beyond/out of my range(of experience)．
這種工作我(沒經驗)做不了。 1、 range vi. (在一定范圍內)變化，變動 range from A to B/range between A and B vt.(按一定位置或順序)排列，排序 range sb./sth.＋adv./prep.(常用被動語態)＝sb./sth.be ranged＋adv./prep. ◆Their ages range from 25 to 50.
他們的年齡范圍從25歲到50歲。 ①It is beyond of my ability.
這超出了我的能力范圍。 ②There will be an increase 0 to 3 percent.
將會有0到3個百分點的增長幅度。 ③Accommodation tourist class luxury hotels.
住宿條件從經濟旅館至豪華賓館不等。 ①the range ②in the range of ③ranges from; to 2、 debate vi. & n. 辯論，爭論，考慮 作及物動詞時，后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞，以及whether, where等引導的不定式或從句，不接that引導的名詞性從句。 ◆He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend. 他在考慮去散步還是去訪友。 作不及物動詞和名詞 [C，U]時，常和on, about, over等介詞連用。 ◆We have been debating about current affairs.
我們最近正在就時事問題進行辯論。 ◆A fierce debate on the tax cut was going on.
一場圍繞著減稅的討論正在激烈進行中。 ◆Their findings have failed to stop the debate over how best to treat the disease.
他們的發現并沒有阻止有關該病癥最佳治療方案的爭論。
debater n. 參加討論者，爭論者 debatable adj. 有爭議的 argue, debate, discuss, quarrel都含有“爭論”之意，它們之間的區別在于： argue 指一方堅持自己的意見、立場和觀點，通過爭論企圖說服對方(argue with sb. about/over sth.)； debate 多指公開的、在正式場合舉行的辯論或嚴肅的爭論，雙方各自陳述理由，交鋒、往返的意味較強；
discuss 指為了解決問題或弄清對方的觀點而進行的討論、磋商；
quarrel 爭吵、爭論，含與人發生口角的意思。
①They ______ about the plan for half an hour at the meeting and didn't reach an agreement in the end.
A. debated
B. debate
C. settled
D. settle ①A
②She ______ that she should go.
A. discussed
B. argued
C. debated
D. voiced ②B 3、 decrease vt. & vi. 減少 n. 減少， 減少量 ◆People should decrease the mount of the fat they eat.
人們應該減少脂肪的攝入。 ◆There has been some decrease in military spending this year.
今年的軍費開支有所減少。
decrease to＋數字 減少到…… decrease by＋數字 減少了…… decrease in/of sth. 減少……的量 on the decrease 在減少中 grow to/increase to/rise to/climb to＋數字 增加到…… grow by/increase by/rise by＋數字 凈增了…… 4、 impress vt. 給……留下印象 be impressed with/by 對……印象深刻 impress sth.on / upon sb.＝ impress on / upon sb.
sth. 使某人對某物印象深，使某人銘記某物 ◆We're very impressed with the excellence of the children's works.
這些兒童作品水平之高，給我們留下了深刻印象。 ◆I am deeply impressed with her talent for music. ＝Her talent for music impresses me deeply.
她的音樂天賦給我留下很深的印象。 ◆My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
我父親讓我明白了努力工作的重要性。 ◆She impressed me as a scholar.
她給我留下了學者的印象。
impressive adj. 給人印象深的 impression n. 印象 leave / make a deep impression on… 給……留下深刻印象
The scenery here is ______ and all the visitors are deeply ______.
A. impressive; impress
B. impressed; impressionists
C. impression; impressionists
D. impressive; impressed D 第一空是說風景“給人印象深刻的”；第二空的意思是“對……印象深刻”。 1、 pick out ◆She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job.
她從數百個工作申請者中被挑出來了。 ◆He picked out his sister from the crowd.
他從人群中認出了他的妹妹。 pick up ①拾起，撿起 ②無意中學會 ③收聽，接收 ④恢復健康，恢復體力 ⑤去接 ◆She picked up all the pieces on the floor when she left the classroom.
當她離開教室時，她把地上所有的碎片都撿了起來。 ◆She soon picked up some French when she went to live in France. 她到法國居住后很快就學會了一些法語。 ◆My radio can pick up the BBC programs very clearly.
我的收音機能非常清晰地收聽到英國廣播公司國際廣播節目。 ◆He soon picked up after a few days' rest.
他休息了幾天，身體很快復原了。 ◆I'll drive to the airport to pick you up at 8 o'clock.
我會在8點開車去機場接你。 Kathy ______ a lot of Spanish by playing with native boys and girls.
A. picked up
B. pick out
C. made up
D. turned out A 考查動詞短語詞義辨析。依據句意排除。pick up 偶然間學會；pick out 挑出； make up 組成，構成；turn out 原來是。 2、cut back on 削減，縮減，相當于cut down on。
◆Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.
要盡量少吃脂肪和糖分含量過高的食品。
cut across 走捷徑 cut away 切除，剪掉 cut in 插嘴，干預 cut off 切斷，停掉 cut down 削減，砍倒 cut up 切碎 cut out 裁剪出；切掉 cut short 使停止，中斷 3、see…as… “將……視為”，其被動形式的短語形式為：be seen as… ◆After his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation.
在他的第一部小說出版后不久，他就被視為他這一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。 ◆Seen as one of the best sellers, the book will be published for a third time.
被看做是暢銷書之一的這本書將第三次印刷。 常見的表示“把……當成 / 看成……”的短語有： regard…as…； consider… as / to be…； view…as…； think of…as…； take … for…(把……錯當成……); recognize…as…等。 4、under way 在進行中， 發生； 在航行中 ◆Preparations are well under way.
準備工作正在進行中。 in the same way 用同樣的方式 in different ways 用不同的方法 in this way 這樣
in no way 決不 in the way 擋道；妨礙 out of the way 不擋道 in a way 在某種程度上 on the way 在路上；即將發生 by the way 順便說/問一下 by way of 經由；經過 all the way自始至終；一直 any way不管怎樣；無論如何 — I think he is taking an active part in social work. — I agree with you ______.
A. in a way
B. on the way
C. by the way
D. in the way A 根據以上所述，應該選擇最佳答案A。
5、 hide from one's responsibility 躲避某人的責任
take responsibility for…承擔對……的責任 responsibility to sb. 中sb.是給你職位或職責的人 responsibility for sb. / sth. 是指sb./sth. 為你要管理或服務的對象 responsible adj. 應承擔責任的 be responsible for… 對……負責 response n. & v. 回應，反應 ◆Children should be taught to take their responsibilities to the society, not hide from them.
應該教育孩子去承擔他們對社會的責任，而不是逃避責任。 ◆I'm responsible for the children and this is my responsibility to their parents.
我的責任是管好這些孩子，我要對他們的父母負責。 ◆Who will be responsible for the accident?
誰將對此事故負責？ He feels as if he alone ______ what had happened.
A. is responsible to
B. should be responsible to
C. be responsible for
D. were responsible for D as if后的從句可用虛擬語氣，與現在事實相反時，be動詞用were形式。 6、 be absorbed in (doing)…
沉浸于 / 專注于做……中 ◆My parents are absorbed in making preparations for my journey to the west.
我父母正忙于為我去西部做準備。
absorb v. 吸收，使全神貫注 ◆The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.
這個聰明的男孩吸收了老師能教給他的所有知識。 表示“沉浸于”、“全神貫注于”、“沉迷于”等意思的短語還有：be concentrated on, be focused on, be engaged in, be addicted to(有貶義)等。 ◆All our attention is concentrated on environmental preservation.
我們所有的注意力都在環保上。 ◆They were engaged in conversation.
他們正談得來勁。 ◆Some of the young people are now addicted to playing computer games.
現在有些年輕人沉迷于玩電腦游戲。 ______ in surfing the Internet to get information about the event, Mr. Smith didn't even know somebody was stealing something in his room.
A. Absorbing
B. To be absorbed
C. Absorbed
D. Being absorbed C 過去分詞用作形容詞在句中充當狀語。完整表達為Because he was absorbed in… 1、Then we will open the floor for discussion.
之后我們將展開自由討論。 句中the floor為“發言權”，open the floor 進行 / 開始自由發言。 ◆After an hour's formal debate, the chair opened the floor and made a final discussion.
經過一個小時的正式辯論之后，主席發了言并作出了最終的裁決。
have the floor 有發言權 take the floor 站起來發言 floor的詞義還有：全體與會者，議員席 ◆After they had each said a few words, Professor White took the floor.
他們各自說了幾句話后，懷特教授開始發言。 ◆Are there any views or points on the floor?
會場上有無任何要求或建議？ 2、 First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. 首先我今天跟大家談談世界上大片區域是怎樣受化學污染而被破壞的。 the way (that/in which)… ……的方法 通常先行詞the way 在從句中充當方式狀語的時候，其后定語從句的關系詞用that / in which，也可以省略。 ◆The way (that / in which) they solved the problem was amazing.
他們解決這個問題的方法很奇妙。 另外，“做……的方法”還可用the way to do… / the way of doing… the first / second / last time等充當先行詞，在從句中充當狀語時，定語從句的關系詞選用that，而且也可以省略。 ◆The first time (that) I saw you, you were playing basketball.
我第一回見到你時，你正在打籃球。
D 該題中的先行詞the way在定語從句中充當的是賓語而非狀語。 They were used to the way ______ Mr. Smith told them to solve these problems.
A. of that
B. in which
C. how
D. which 3、The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 目前的世界人口與1800年相比已經增長到當時的6倍。 population n. 人口，人口數；人，居民(集合名詞) population 表示“人口”時是不可數名詞；表示“(某一地區的)全體居民”時是可數名詞。 ◆The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.
中國人口比日本人口多得多。 ◆About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.
整個村莊約30%的人口受到這種病的侵襲。 (1) 表示“人口多/少”： a large / small population； 問一個地方的人口數：What is the population of… 表示一個地方擁有多少人口：has / with a population of… (2) 復習表示“增長”、“減少”的一些表達方式： 表示增長到：grow to, increase to, rise to, climb to； 表示以……(程度 / 比例 / 比率)增長：grow / increase / rise / climb by… 表示減少到：fall / drop / decrease to… 表示以……(程度 / 比例 / 比率)減少：fall / drop / decrease by… ①C 第一空表示“人口少”，用small；第二空用復數謂語，是因為主語population在這里表示“村民”、“居民”。 ①This is a beautiful village with a ______ population of 300, and only 15% of them ______ to develop the village into a tourist resort.
A. little; agrees
B. little; agree
C. small; agree
D. small; agrees ②B 根據后面的百分比可知用介詞by, 又根據其前面的amazing及全句的意思可知是“增長”了60%。 ②It is quite amazing that the income of the people in the city has ______ 60% in the last two years.
A. increased
B. risen by
C. decreased by
D. grown to 1. C 這里表示“種類繁多”，應用range。 1. This restaurant has become popular for its wide ______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.(2010·湖北)
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle 2. C a second chance 又一機會；make a first impression此處表示泛指。 2. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ______ second chance to make ______ first impression.(2010·北京)
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. a; a
D. the; a Module5·Unit2 The environment（1） 1、 range n. ①[C](常用單數)(變動或浮動的)范圍，界限，區域 beyond/outside the range of超出了……的范圍 in the range of在……范圍內 ②[C](常用單數)種類；一系列 a wide/full/great/diverse range of一系列；各種 ③ 視覺或聽覺范圍 in/within range(of sth.)在可及的范圍內，在視覺/聽覺范圍內 out of range(of sth.)在視覺/聽覺范圍之外 1、 range ◆The price range is from $100 to $500.
價格從100美元到500美元不等。 ◆This type of work is outside/beyond/out of my range(of experience)．
這種工作我(沒經驗)做不了。 1、 range vi. (在一定范圍內)變化，變動 range from A to B/range between A and B vt.(按一定位置或順序)排列，排序 range sb./sth.＋adv./prep.(常用被動語態)＝sb./sth.be ranged＋adv./prep. ◆Their ages range from 25 to 50.
他們的年齡范圍從25歲到50歲。 ①It is beyond of my ability.
這超出了我的能力范圍。 ②There will be an increase 0 to 3 percent.
將會有0到3個百分點的增長幅度。 ③Accommodation tourist class luxury hotels.
住宿條件從經濟旅館至豪華賓館不等。 ①the range ②in the range of ③ranges from; to 2、 debate vi. & n. 辯論，爭論，考慮 作及物動詞時，后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞，以及whether, where等引導的不定式或從句，不接that引導的名詞性從句。 ◆He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend. 他在考慮去散步還是去訪友。 作不及物動詞和名詞 [C，U]時，常和on, about, over等介詞連用。 ◆We have been debating about current affairs.
我們最近正在就時事問題進行辯論。 ◆A fierce debate on the tax cut was going on.
一場圍繞著減稅的討論正在激烈進行中。 ◆Their findings have failed to stop the debate over how best to treat the disease.
他們的發現并沒有阻止有關該病癥最佳治療方案的爭論。
debater n. 參加討論者，爭論者 debatable adj. 有爭議的 argue, debate, discuss, quarrel都含有“爭論”之意，它們之間的區別在于： argue 指一方堅持自己的意見、立場和觀點，通過爭論企圖說服對方(argue with sb. about/over sth.)； debate 多指公開的、在正式場合舉行的辯論或嚴肅的爭論，雙方各自陳述理由，交鋒、往返的意味較強；
discuss 指為了解決問題或弄清對方的觀點而進行的討論、磋商；
quarrel 爭吵、爭論，含與人發生口角的意思。
①They ______ about the plan for half an hour at the meeting and didn't reach an agreement in the end.
A. debated
B. debate
C. settled
D. settle ①A
②She ______ that she should go.
A. discussed
B. argued
C. debated
D. voiced ②B 3、 decrease vt. & vi. 減少 n. 減少， 減少量 ◆People should decrease the mount of the fat they eat.
人們應該減少脂肪的攝入。 ◆There has been some decrease in military spending this year.
今年的軍費開支有所減少。
decrease to＋數字 減少到…… decrease by＋數字 減少了…… decrease in/of sth. 減少……的量 on the decrease 在減少中 grow to/increase to/rise to/climb to＋數字 增加到…… grow by/increase by/rise by＋數字 凈增了…… 4、 impress vt. 給……留下印象 be impressed with/by 對……印象深刻 impress sth.on / upon sb.＝ impress on / upon sb.
sth. 使某人對某物印象深，使某人銘記某物 ◆We're very impressed with the excellence of the children's works.
這些兒童作品水平之高，給我們留下了深刻印象。 ◆I am deeply impressed with her talent for music. ＝Her talent for music impresses me deeply.
她的音樂天賦給我留下很深的印象。 ◆My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
我父親讓我明白了努力工作的重要性。 ◆She impressed me as a scholar.
她給我留下了學者的印象。
impressive adj. 給人印象深的 impression n. 印象 leave / make a deep impression on… 給……留下深刻印象
The scenery here is ______ and all the visitors are deeply ______.
A. impressive; impress
B. impressed; impressionists
C. impression; impressionists
D. impressive; impressed D 第一空是說風景“給人印象深刻的”；第二空的意思是“對……印象深刻”。 1、 pick out ◆She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job.
她從數百個工作申請者中被挑出來了。 ◆He picked out his sister from the crowd.
他從人群中認出了他的妹妹。 pick up ①拾起，撿起 ②無意中學會 ③收聽，接收 ④恢復健康，恢復體力 ⑤去接 ◆She picked up all the pieces on the floor when she left the classroom.
當她離開教室時，她把地上所有的碎片都撿了起來。 ◆She soon picked up some French when she went to live in France. 她到法國居住后很快就學會了一些法語。 ◆My radio can pick up the BBC programs very clearly.
我的收音機能非常清晰地收聽到英國廣播公司國際廣播節目。 ◆He soon picked up after a few days' rest.
他休息了幾天，身體很快復原了。 ◆I'll drive to the airport to pick you up at 8 o'clock.
我會在8點開車去機場接你。 Kathy ______ a lot of Spanish by playing with native boys and girls.
A. picked up
B. pick out
C. made up
D. turned out A 考查動詞短語詞義辨析。依據句意排除。pick up 偶然間學會；pick out 挑出； make up 組成，構成；turn out 原來是。 2、cut back on 削減，縮減，相當于cut down on。
◆Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.
要盡量少吃脂肪和糖分含量過高的食品。
cut across 走捷徑 cut away 切除，剪掉 cut in 插嘴，干預 cut off 切斷，停掉 cut down 削減，砍倒 cut up 切碎 cut out 裁剪出；切掉 cut short 使停止，中斷 3、see…as… “將……視為”，其被動形式的短語形式為：be seen as… ◆After his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation.
在他的第一部小說出版后不久，他就被視為他這一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。 ◆Seen as one of the best sellers, the book will be published for a third time.
被看做是暢銷書之一的這本書將第三次印刷。 常見的表示“把……當成 / 看成……”的短語有： regard…as…； consider… as / to be…； view…as…； think of…as…； take … for…(把……錯當成……); recognize…as…等。 4、under way 在進行中， 發生； 在航行中 ◆Preparations are well under way.
準備工作正在進行中。 in the same way 用同樣的方式 in different ways 用不同的方法 in this way 這樣
in no way 決不 in the way 擋道；妨礙 out of the way 不擋道 in a way 在某種程度上 on the way 在路上；即將發生 by the way 順便說/問一下 by way of 經由；經過 all the way自始至終；一直 any way不管怎樣；無論如何 — I think he is taking an active part in social work. — I agree with you ______.
A. in a way
B. on the way
C. by the way
D. in the way A 根據以上所述，應該選擇最佳答案A。
