高三英語二輪 三輪總復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)突破 專題五 書面表達(dá) 試題分析與技巧點(diǎn)撥課件

　　專題五　書面表達(dá) 試題分析與技巧點(diǎn)撥

　　一、書面表達(dá)題的命題特點(diǎn) 書面表達(dá)題通常要求考生根據(jù)情景寫一篇100—150詞的短文，旨在考查考生是否能夠運(yùn)用學(xué)過的英語知識(shí)和掌握的技能進(jìn)行寫作。寫作的體裁有記敘文、應(yīng)用文、議論文和說明文等。題材有很多，有提綱類、圖表類、圖畫類、開放類等。

　　英語的書面表達(dá)題既不同于命題作文，也不是簡單的句子翻譯，考生在做此題時(shí)要確保文章行文切題，意思連貫，語言得體。所寫的短文首先要表達(dá)清楚，其次是語言運(yùn)用得當(dāng)，避免詞不達(dá)意和語法錯(cuò)誤。 近幾年來，一些省市高考書面表達(dá)題由控制型向開放型過渡。開放型作文往往以圖畫或者文字的形式給出主題，然后讓考生自己決定所寫內(nèi)容。除此之外，即使是控制型作文也給考生一定的發(fā)揮空間，談一談自己的看法和意見。這有利于考查考生的想象力、觀察力以及遣詞造句和成稿的能力。 二、書面表達(dá)題型分類 1．提綱類 根據(jù)提綱提示組句成文是高考書面表達(dá)常用的一種題型，它可以用于各種體裁的寫作。考生要根據(jù)所提供的文字信息來確定表達(dá)形式和內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。這類題型不僅考查考生審題、扣題能力，還考查考生組詞造句、靈活運(yùn)用語言材料連句成篇的能力。做這種題時(shí)要求考生能根據(jù)題目要求，組織好所提供的材料，用明白、恰當(dāng)、得體的英語表達(dá)出來，切忌只將題目指令直接譯成漢語，使之成為幾個(gè)支離破碎的句子，也不要文不對(duì)題地任意發(fā)揮。 例：(2010·全國卷Ⅱ)

　　假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國筆友Peter曾表示希望來中國教書。你校現(xiàn)需要招聘外教，請給他寫封信，告知招聘信息。內(nèi)容主要包括： 1．教授課程：英語口語、英語寫作、今日美國、今日英國等 2．授課對(duì)象：高中生(至少三年英語基礎(chǔ)) 3．工作量：每周12學(xué)時(shí)，任選三門課；擔(dān)任學(xué)生英語俱樂部或英語校報(bào)顧問(advisor) 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開頭語已為你寫好。 Dear Peter， I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China.... Best， Li Hua 范文： Dear Peter， I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China. Our school now is looking for a native-speaker to teach some courses to senior high students. If you come, you can choose three of the following four courses: Speaking, Writing, Britain Today and America Today, and teach 12 hours a week. The students who are going to take these courses have at least three years of English learning experiences. Besides teaching, you will also work as an advisor to our students' English club or our school's English newspaper. Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other questions. I'd be more than happy to help. Best， Li Hua 2．開放性作文 開放作文的話題一般都是考生特別熟悉的話題，談?wù)撋鐣?huì)熱點(diǎn)，討論發(fā)生在身邊的事情，讓每個(gè)考生都有話可寫，這類作文只提供一些信息和背景，考查的是學(xué)生的想象力、理解力、分析判斷力，要求考生根據(jù)所提供的信息和背景寫出符合邏輯、結(jié)構(gòu)完整并富有感染力的文章。 例：(2010·安徽)假設(shè)你將參加某英語雜志社開展的一次征文活動(dòng)，征文的內(nèi)容要求你在電視、手機(jī)(cell)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)三者中，放棄其中一個(gè)并陳述理由。請你以“Which would you give up：TV, cell, or Web？”為題，寫一篇英文短文。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 范文： Which would you give up：TV, cell or Web? We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them. However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and there're too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere. As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary to me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information call be gathered on the Internet. 3．圖畫作文 看圖作文是按一定要求把圖畫內(nèi)容加工成書面語言形式的寫作。它考查考生的識(shí)圖能力和將圖畫信息轉(zhuǎn)化成文字信息的綜合運(yùn)用能力，同時(shí)也給考生留出了想象空間，使之發(fā)揮水平。看圖作文要求考生首先仔細(xì)觀察，讀懂圖意，抓住要點(diǎn)，依圖編擬提綱，將要點(diǎn)用重點(diǎn)詞和短語的形式寫出來；然后擴(kuò)展成句，成句時(shí)要注意圖畫所給的時(shí)間背景，正確使用人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)；最后組句成文，要注意適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂靡恍╆P(guān)聯(lián)詞、過渡句來完善圖中內(nèi)容，使圖與圖之間過渡自然、層次清楚。 例：(2010·北京)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二(1)班的學(xué)生李華，利用上周末的時(shí)間幫助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅行。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，敘述你從準(zhǔn)備到送行的全過程。 注意：1.周記的開頭已為你寫好。 2．詞數(shù)不少于60。 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.________________ __ _________________________

　　范文： Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue.

　　After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, and umbrellas, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey.

　　4．圖表類 在圖表類書面表達(dá)題中，命題人把全部提示內(nèi)容列入圖表中，要求考生根據(jù)表中內(nèi)容加工成一篇語句通順的完整短文。這種圖表提示形式適用于不同體裁，如應(yīng)用文、說明文、議論文等。 圖表作文要求考生首先審清題意，看清要求，把握住文章的體裁，從而正確使用人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)；然后根據(jù)提示確定內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，并列出所用的相關(guān)詞語和句型；最后再組織排列句子，使之成篇。注意行文邏輯，適當(dāng)使用過渡詞語，使文章自然連貫。 例：(2010·江蘇)假設(shè)你應(yīng)邀參加學(xué)校組織的“英語學(xué)習(xí)師生座談會(huì)”，請你根據(jù)下表所提示的信息，用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿，簡單介紹自己英語學(xué)習(xí)的情況，并對(duì)學(xué)校今后的英語教學(xué)提出建議。 自己英語學(xué)習(xí)的情況 1.英語學(xué)習(xí)的目的； 2.英語學(xué)習(xí)的方法； 3.課外自學(xué)的途徑； …… 對(duì)學(xué)校英語教學(xué)的建議 (請考生根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷與感想，提出兩至三點(diǎn)建議。) 注意：1.對(duì)所給要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。 2．詞數(shù)150左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 3．文中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。 Dear teachers and schoolmates, it's a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.__________________________________ _ Thank you for listening.

　　范文： Dear teachers and schoolmates, it's a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.I'm interested in English, and hope to be an interpreter in the future. Naturally it's very important for me to learn English well. As everybody knows, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building.

　　I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible. After class, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio. Besides, I've learned a lot from the Internet and other sources.

　　Now, I'd like to make some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school. Firstly, we should be given more opportunities to use what we've learned in order to have a better grasp of it. Secondly, I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines and give us more free time to read them. Finally, I suggest we have more English activities, such as English contests and festivals.

　　Thank you for listening.

　　專題五　書面表達(dá) 試題分析與技巧點(diǎn)撥

　　一、書面表達(dá)題的命題特點(diǎn) 書面表達(dá)題通常要求考生根據(jù)情景寫一篇100—150詞的短文，旨在考查考生是否能夠運(yùn)用學(xué)過的英語知識(shí)和掌握的技能進(jìn)行寫作。寫作的體裁有記敘文、應(yīng)用文、議論文和說明文等。題材有很多，有提綱類、圖表類、圖畫類、開放類等。

　　英語的書面表達(dá)題既不同于命題作文，也不是簡單的句子翻譯，考生在做此題時(shí)要確保文章行文切題，意思連貫，語言得體。所寫的短文首先要表達(dá)清楚，其次是語言運(yùn)用得當(dāng)，避免詞不達(dá)意和語法錯(cuò)誤。 近幾年來，一些省市高考書面表達(dá)題由控制型向開放型過渡。開放型作文往往以圖畫或者文字的形式給出主題，然后讓考生自己決定所寫內(nèi)容。除此之外，即使是控制型作文也給考生一定的發(fā)揮空間，談一談自己的看法和意見。這有利于考查考生的想象力、觀察力以及遣詞造句和成稿的能力。 二、書面表達(dá)題型分類 1．提綱類 根據(jù)提綱提示組句成文是高考書面表達(dá)常用的一種題型，它可以用于各種體裁的寫作。考生要根據(jù)所提供的文字信息來確定表達(dá)形式和內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。這類題型不僅考查考生審題、扣題能力，還考查考生組詞造句、靈活運(yùn)用語言材料連句成篇的能力。做這種題時(shí)要求考生能根據(jù)題目要求，組織好所提供的材料，用明白、恰當(dāng)、得體的英語表達(dá)出來，切忌只將題目指令直接譯成漢語，使之成為幾個(gè)支離破碎的句子，也不要文不對(duì)題地任意發(fā)揮。 例：(2010·全國卷Ⅱ)

　　假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國筆友Peter曾表示希望來中國教書。你校現(xiàn)需要招聘外教，請給他寫封信，告知招聘信息。內(nèi)容主要包括： 1．教授課程：英語口語、英語寫作、今日美國、今日英國等 2．授課對(duì)象：高中生(至少三年英語基礎(chǔ)) 3．工作量：每周12學(xué)時(shí)，任選三門課；擔(dān)任學(xué)生英語俱樂部或英語校報(bào)顧問(advisor) 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開頭語已為你寫好。 Dear Peter， I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China.... Best， Li Hua 范文： Dear Peter， I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China. Our school now is looking for a native-speaker to teach some courses to senior high students. If you come, you can choose three of the following four courses: Speaking, Writing, Britain Today and America Today, and teach 12 hours a week. The students who are going to take these courses have at least three years of English learning experiences. Besides teaching, you will also work as an advisor to our students' English club or our school's English newspaper. Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other questions. I'd be more than happy to help. Best， Li Hua 2．開放性作文 開放作文的話題一般都是考生特別熟悉的話題，談?wù)撋鐣?huì)熱點(diǎn)，討論發(fā)生在身邊的事情，讓每個(gè)考生都有話可寫，這類作文只提供一些信息和背景，考查的是學(xué)生的想象力、理解力、分析判斷力，要求考生根據(jù)所提供的信息和背景寫出符合邏輯、結(jié)構(gòu)完整并富有感染力的文章。 例：(2010·安徽)假設(shè)你將參加某英語雜志社開展的一次征文活動(dòng)，征文的內(nèi)容要求你在電視、手機(jī)(cell)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)三者中，放棄其中一個(gè)并陳述理由。請你以“Which would you give up：TV, cell, or Web？”為題，寫一篇英文短文。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 范文： Which would you give up：TV, cell or Web? We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them. However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and there're too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere. As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary to me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information call be gathered on the Internet. 3．圖畫作文 看圖作文是按一定要求把圖畫內(nèi)容加工成書面語言形式的寫作。它考查考生的識(shí)圖能力和將圖畫信息轉(zhuǎn)化成文字信息的綜合運(yùn)用能力，同時(shí)也給考生留出了想象空間，使之發(fā)揮水平。看圖作文要求考生首先仔細(xì)觀察，讀懂圖意，抓住要點(diǎn)，依圖編擬提綱，將要點(diǎn)用重點(diǎn)詞和短語的形式寫出來；然后擴(kuò)展成句，成句時(shí)要注意圖畫所給的時(shí)間背景，正確使用人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)；最后組句成文，要注意適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂靡恍╆P(guān)聯(lián)詞、過渡句來完善圖中內(nèi)容，使圖與圖之間過渡自然、層次清楚。 例：(2010·北京)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二(1)班的學(xué)生李華，利用上周末的時(shí)間幫助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅行。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，敘述你從準(zhǔn)備到送行的全過程。 注意：1.周記的開頭已為你寫好。 2．詞數(shù)不少于60。 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.________________ __ _________________________

　　范文： Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue.

　　After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, and umbrellas, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey.

　　4．圖表類 在圖表類書面表達(dá)題中，命題人把全部提示內(nèi)容列入圖表中，要求考生根據(jù)表中內(nèi)容加工成一篇語句通順的完整短文。這種圖表提示形式適用于不同體裁，如應(yīng)用文、說明文、議論文等。 圖表作文要求考生首先審清題意，看清要求，把握住文章的體裁，從而正確使用人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)；然后根據(jù)提示確定內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，并列出所用的相關(guān)詞語和句型；最后再組織排列句子，使之成篇。注意行文邏輯，適當(dāng)使用過渡詞語，使文章自然連貫。 例：(2010·江蘇)假設(shè)你應(yīng)邀參加學(xué)校組織的“英語學(xué)習(xí)師生座談會(huì)”，請你根據(jù)下表所提示的信息，用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿，簡單介紹自己英語學(xué)習(xí)的情況，并對(duì)學(xué)校今后的英語教學(xué)提出建議。 自己英語學(xué)習(xí)的情況 1.英語學(xué)習(xí)的目的； 2.英語學(xué)習(xí)的方法； 3.課外自學(xué)的途徑； …… 對(duì)學(xué)校英語教學(xué)的建議 (請考生根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷與感想，提出兩至三點(diǎn)建議。) 注意：1.對(duì)所給要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。 2．詞數(shù)150左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 3．文中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。 Dear teachers and schoolmates, it's a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.__________________________________ _ Thank you for listening.

　　范文： Dear teachers and schoolmates, it's a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.I'm interested in English, and hope to be an interpreter in the future. Naturally it's very important for me to learn English well. As everybody knows, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building.

　　I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible. After class, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio. Besides, I've learned a lot from the Internet and other sources.

　　Now, I'd like to make some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school. Firstly, we should be given more opportunities to use what we've learned in order to have a better grasp of it. Secondly, I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines and give us more free time to read them. Finally, I suggest we have more English activities, such as English contests and festivals.

　　Thank you for listening.