大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀有哪些常考出題點(diǎn)

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　　英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀備考除了具備一定的實(shí)力之外還要掌握一定的做題方法，下面我們一起來(lái)看一下小編為大家整理的英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)出處，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

　　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之一邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折

　　四六級(jí)大綱在閱讀理解部分都指出：測(cè)試學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀獲取書(shū)面信息的能力。因此，為了有針對(duì)性的考查大家對(duì)書(shū)面信息的獲取能力，經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)歷年真題的歸納總結(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)，四六級(jí)考點(diǎn)出處有一定特征。其中第一大特征就是在邏輯關(guān)系處出考題。

　　小編先帶大家看看大家最熟悉的考點(diǎn)出處：轉(zhuǎn)折處出考點(diǎn)。常見(jiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：but, however, yet, nevertheless, while, on the contrary等等。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　大家先試試身手，不會(huì)的話(huà)，記得找出真題再做一遍喲!

　　例1：A few months ago, it wasnt unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. Shed wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.

　　51. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?

　　A. The poorly managed state of her house.

　　B. The high financial costs adding up.

　　C. Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.

　　D. Her daughters repeated complaints.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】本段主要描述了Carla Toebe因上網(wǎng)嚴(yán)重影響到生活，最后一句后半句通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)折指出，是她4個(gè)女兒的不停抱怨才讓她最終意識(shí)到自己有了問(wèn)題，而這一問(wèn)題正是題干中提到的spending too much time on the Internet。

　　例2：I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day Id be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.

　　54. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?

　　A. She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professional.

　　B. She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.

　　C. She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.

　　D. She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】作者19歲時(shí)在飯店當(dāng)招待員，對(duì)于不被顧客尊重，她的看法是deserved inferior treatment，即低人一等是理所當(dāng)然的。換句話(huà)說(shuō)，作者覺(jué)得有專(zhuān)業(yè)技能的人看低她是十分自然的事，即D選項(xiàng)所述。

　　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之二邏輯關(guān)系：并列、因果

　　除了最熟悉的轉(zhuǎn)折以外，邏輯關(guān)系還包含：并列、舉例、因果、遞進(jìn)等等。而緊排在轉(zhuǎn)折之后，相對(duì)在歷年真題中較多出現(xiàn)的考查處，分別是：并列和因果。

　　常見(jiàn)表并列的詞語(yǔ)：and, while, meanwhile, also;

　　值得注意的是：兩個(gè)句子之間用分號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也表并列。

　　常見(jiàn)表因果的詞語(yǔ)：because, why, the reason, for, so, since, as a result等。

　　同樣值得注意的是：當(dāng)why引導(dǎo)一個(gè)問(wèn)句時(shí)，考點(diǎn)出處往往是緊接著回答此問(wèn)題的句子或相鄰的幾個(gè)羅列點(diǎn)或相連幾段話(huà)的首句。

　　并列和因果都比較難以察覺(jué)，需要同學(xué)平時(shí)練習(xí)過(guò)程中就有意識(shí)地對(duì)這兩種邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行關(guān)注。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　大家先試試身手，不會(huì)的話(huà)，記得找出真題，再做一遍喲!

　　例1：They werent looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldnt compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.

　　53. Why couldnt Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades?

　　A. Its food lacked variety.

　　B. Its people cared more for quantity.

　　C. It was short of well-trained chefs.

　　D. It didnt have flavourful food ingredients.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】本段后半部分提到，這種只重?cái)?shù)量不重質(zhì)量的習(xí)慣持續(xù)了幾十年，這意味著一代英國(guó)人是被無(wú)法和鄰近的法國(guó)、意大利、比利時(shí)和西班牙相媲美的食物養(yǎng) 大的。由此可知，英國(guó)食物無(wú)法跟鄰國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是因?yàn)橛?guó)人只重?cái)?shù)量不重質(zhì)量。B選項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文中prioritisation of quantity over quality的同意轉(zhuǎn)述。

　　例2：American tourists, however, shouldnt expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies dont turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.

　　55. What is the authors advice to Americans?

　　A. They treat the dollar with a little respect

　　B. They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble

　　C. They vacation at home rather than abroad

　　D. They treasure their marriages all the more.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】面對(duì)美元貶值給美國(guó)人帶來(lái)的民族自尊上的困擾，作者給美國(guó)人提出建議：如果想要避免困擾，最好取消去英國(guó)的旅行，轉(zhuǎn)而前往新英格蘭旅行。換句話(huà)說(shuō)，作者建議取消去國(guó)外的旅行，轉(zhuǎn)而在國(guó)內(nèi)旅行。

　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之三特殊標(biāo)記

　　細(xì)心的同學(xué)會(huì)在以前的四六級(jí)大綱中發(fā)現(xiàn)，快速閱讀部分寫(xiě)到：要求考生運(yùn)用略讀和查讀的技能從篇章中獲取信息。考核學(xué)生利用各種提示，快速查找特定信息的能力。這些提示包括文中的以下信息：

　　1. 數(shù)字

　　2. 大寫(xiě)單詞

　　3. 段首或句首詞等

　　很顯然，這一條不僅適用于快速閱讀，也適用于仔細(xì)閱讀。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　例1：In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen a major strengthening of Yales financial position.

　　65. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because _____.

　　A. she was known to be good at raising money

　　B. she could help strengthen its ties with Yale

　　C. she knew how to attract students overseas

　　D. she had boosted Yales academic status

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】文中提到，劍橋大學(xué)于2003年任命Alison Richard為副校長(zhǎng)，而句中publicly stressed之后的內(nèi)容即為任命她的原因，便是：在以前的崗位上她的監(jiān)管使得耶魯?shù)呢?cái)政地位得到顯著加強(qiáng)。所以，推理可知，答案為A。

　　例2：Richard Got professor of astrophysics at Princeton, hopes man will set up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, which would be a life insurance policy against whatever catastrophes, natural or otherwise, might occur on Earth.

　　66. According to Princeton professor Richard Gott, by setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, Humans_____.

　　A. might survive all catastrophes on earth

　　B. might acquire ample natural resources

　　C. will be able to travel to Mars freely

　　D. will move there to live a better life

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】題干中setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars可在原文中直接找到，原文中which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句表示的內(nèi)容就是setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars所帶來(lái)的影響：人類(lèi)能夠應(yīng)對(duì)地球上各種各樣的災(zāi)難從而幸存下來(lái)。A選項(xiàng)中的survive all catastrophes on earth 是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

　　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之四標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

　　下面講解閱讀考點(diǎn)常考出處的最后一個(gè)特征：總有部分題目出自引人注目的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)處。在四六級(jí)閱讀過(guò)程中，引人注目的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，不得不關(guān)注的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)主要有兩類(lèi)：1. 引號(hào);2. 小括號(hào)。

　　1. 引號(hào)

　　1)尤其是當(dāng)引號(hào)表示著重強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)

　　如：

　　They are using fewer of the very deferential womens forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as mens .

　　2)某人說(shuō)的話(huà)，能夠集中表達(dá)一個(gè)事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)時(shí)

　　如：

　　If its a loss youre not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then its too much. said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor.

　　2. 小括號(hào)

　　小括號(hào)中間加一個(gè)漢語(yǔ)注釋?zhuān)浅Ｈ菀滓鸫蠹业淖⒁狻４颂幘筒毁樖觥Ｎ覀冞€是通過(guò)真題舉例來(lái)看具體考察情況吧。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　例1：Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: I have an Internet Addiction.

　　8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.

　　【答案】had an Internet Addiction

　　【解析】首先分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空所填內(nèi) 容是充當(dāng)that賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，主句的admitted表明謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。原文提到Toebe在雅虎的一個(gè)上網(wǎng)成癮群里發(fā)了一條消息，引號(hào)中的內(nèi)容為這條小的的主題：我有網(wǎng)癮。由此可知，Toebe承認(rèn)自己上網(wǎng)成癮。故答案根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)要求進(jìn)行修改為：had an Internet Addiction.

　　例2：The use of deferential language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she treads softly in the world, elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.

　　57. The first paragraph describes in detail ________.

　　A. the standards set for contemporary Japanese women

　　B. the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan

　　C. the stereotyped role of women in Japanese families

　　D. the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】考點(diǎn)出處是第一段的總述話(huà)語(yǔ)，它介紹了日本女性在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)使用敬語(yǔ)是女性完美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的象征，其后面幾句是對(duì)這種保守性別規(guī)范下女性美德的詳細(xì)描述，所以正確答案為D。

　　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之一邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　大家先試試身手，不會(huì)的話(huà)，記得找出真題再做一遍喲!

　　51. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?

　　A. The poorly managed state of her house.

　　B. The high financial costs adding up.

　　C. Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.

　　D. Her daughters repeated complaints.

　　【答案】D

　　54. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?

　　A. She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professional.

　　B. She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.

　　C. She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.

　　D. She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.

　　【答案】D

　　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之二邏輯關(guān)系：并列、因果

　　常見(jiàn)表并列的詞語(yǔ)：and, while, meanwhile, also;

　　值得注意的是：兩個(gè)句子之間用分號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也表并列。

　　常見(jiàn)表因果的詞語(yǔ)：because, why, the reason, for, so, since, as a result等。

　　并列和因果都比較難以察覺(jué)，需要同學(xué)平時(shí)練習(xí)過(guò)程中就有意識(shí)地對(duì)這兩種邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行關(guān)注。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　大家先試試身手，不會(huì)的話(huà)，記得找出真題，再做一遍喲!

　　53. Why couldnt Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades?

　　A. Its food lacked variety.

　　B. Its people cared more for quantity.

　　C. It was short of well-trained chefs.

　　D. It didnt have flavourful food ingredients.

　　【答案】B

　　55. What is the authors advice to Americans?

　　A. They treat the dollar with a little respect

　　B. They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble

　　C. They vacation at home rather than abroad

　　D. They treasure their marriages all the more.

　　【答案】C

　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之三特殊標(biāo)記

　　1. 數(shù)字

　　2. 大寫(xiě)單詞

　　3. 段首或句首詞等

　　很顯然，這一條不僅適用于快速閱讀，也適用于仔細(xì)閱讀。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　65. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because _____.

　　A. she was known to be good at raising money

　　B. she could help strengthen its ties with Yale

　　C. she knew how to attract students overseas

　　D. she had boosted Yales academic status

　　【答案】A

　　66. According to Princeton professor Richard Gott, by setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, Humans_____.

　　A. might survive all catastrophes on earth

　　B. might acquire ample natural resources

　　C. will be able to travel to Mars freely

　　D. will move there to live a better life

　　【答案】A

　　常見(jiàn)閱讀考點(diǎn)出處之四標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

　　1. 引號(hào)

　　1)尤其是當(dāng)引號(hào)表示著重強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)

　　如：

　　They are using fewer of the very deferential womens forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as mens .

　　2)某人說(shuō)的話(huà)，能夠集中表達(dá)一個(gè)事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)時(shí)

　　如：

　　If its a loss youre not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then its too much. said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor.

　　2. 小括號(hào)

　　小括號(hào)中間加一個(gè)漢語(yǔ)注釋?zhuān)浅Ｈ菀滓鸫蠹业淖⒁狻４颂幘筒毁樖觥Ｎ覀冞€是通過(guò)真題舉例來(lái)看具體考察情況吧。

　　真題再現(xiàn)

　　8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.

　　【答案】had an Internet Addiction

　　57. The first paragraph describes in detail ________.

　　A. the standards set for contemporary Japanese women

　　B. the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan

　　C. the stereotyped role of women in Japanese families

　　D. the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow

　　【答案】D