英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽(tīng)力的考試長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題點(diǎn)解密
一、對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭
對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭部分一般都會(huì)引出談話的主題，比較容易設(shè)主旨題，主要考查對(duì)談話主題或所涉及場(chǎng)景的把握。
【例1】
To make a business report to the woman.
To be interviewed for a job in the womans company.
To resign from his position in the womans company.
To exchange stock market information with the woman.
W: Please have a seat, Mr. Thunders. I received your job resume last week, and was very impressed.
M: Thank you!
W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask why you are interested in working for us?
19. Whats the purpose of Mr. Thunders visit?
【解析】主旨題。問(wèn)候之后的首句往往引出談話的主題，也經(jīng)常是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話第一道問(wèn)題的設(shè)題點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)到訪者就座后，女士直接進(jìn)入正題，上周受到你的工作簡(jiǎn)歷，表明對(duì)話是圍繞男士申請(qǐng)工作這一話題展開(kāi)的，故答案為。
二、對(duì)話的結(jié)尾
對(duì)話結(jié)尾往往會(huì)涉及對(duì)話雙方的態(tài)度、建議或決定等總結(jié)性的內(nèi)容，而且經(jīng)常能夠進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)對(duì)話的主題及場(chǎng)景，也是出題者設(shè)題時(shí)考慮的重點(diǎn)。
【例6】
Changing her major.
Spending less of her parents money.
Getting transferred to the English Department.
Leaving the university.
W: They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.
25. What is Karen thinking of doing?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話結(jié)尾處女士通過(guò)進(jìn)行時(shí)表明了自己的打算。注意這里的quit是指退出現(xiàn)在的專業(yè)，而不是指退出大學(xué)，選擇答案時(shí)需根據(jù)上下文，切忌根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。
三、對(duì)話中的問(wèn)答處
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話由于仍然是以對(duì)話形式出現(xiàn)，雙方會(huì)就對(duì)話主題進(jìn)行討論，故其中經(jīng)常會(huì)包含一些對(duì)話雙方的一問(wèn)一答，這些地方往往是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題的重點(diǎn)。
【例2】
He is head of a small trading company.
He works in an international insurance company.
He leads a team of brokers in a big company.
He is a public relations officer in a small company. W: Thats good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?
M: Im currently working in a large international company in charge of a team of 8 brokers , we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.
20. What is Mr. Thunders current job?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。問(wèn)答處往往是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的設(shè)題點(diǎn)。女士詢問(wèn)男士目前的工作，男士回答說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在在一家跨國(guó)公司帶領(lǐng)一個(gè)8人組成的保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)人團(tuán)隊(duì)，故答案為。
四、對(duì)話中邏輯關(guān)系處
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中經(jīng)常會(huì)涉及到表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等邏輯關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)或句式，這些地方也很受出題人的青睞。
【例3】
Shes worried about the seminar.
The man keeps interrupting her.
She finds it too hard.
She lacks interest in it.
W: No, Jim, I suppose I havent. I need to get through although, but I keep drifting away.
M: So it doesnt really hold your interest?
W: No, not really. I wouldnt bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. Im at the university.
22. Why cant Karen concentrate on the book?
【解析】推斷題。女士話中but轉(zhuǎn)折后內(nèi)容表明女士對(duì)那本書(shū)并不感興趣，緊接著男士和女士的一問(wèn)一答再次揭示本題的答案為。
五、對(duì)話中建議處
對(duì)話中一方給另一方提出的建議或意見(jiàn)常常會(huì)被作為出題的重點(diǎn)，因此，聽(tīng)音時(shí)要注意捕捉一些特殊的表達(dá)建議的句式，如Youd better, why not do?等。
【例1】
Study the map of Quebec Province.
Find more about Quebec City.
Brush up on her French.
Learn more about the local customs.
M: Well, In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. So youd better practice your French before you go.
W: Good advice.
20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由男士話中的youd better可知他建議女士在去旅行前先練習(xí)一下法語(yǔ)，故答案為。
六、對(duì)話中比較處
形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，以及than, asas等引出的比較結(jié)構(gòu)也是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話題的設(shè)題重點(diǎn)之一。這類題目的選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)，考生要學(xué)會(huì)利用選項(xiàng)所給提示抓取關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。
【例4】
The lectures are boring.
The course is poorly designed.
She prefers Philosophy to English.
She enjoys literature more.
W: I should say, I dont like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.
M: Its not just the book, its the course as well?
W: Yeah, You see, I wanted to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.
23. Why is Karen starting to like the course less and less?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本題是在對(duì)話中的比較處命題。女士話中的do philosophy rather than English表明女士寧愿學(xué)哲學(xué)而不愿學(xué)英語(yǔ)。rather than意為而不是，不愿。
七、對(duì)話中數(shù)字信息處
對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)年代、時(shí)間、價(jià)格等數(shù)字信息的地方，也經(jīng)常被作為長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，但要注意，一般都是考查與數(shù)字相關(guān)的其他細(xì)節(jié)信息，而單純考查數(shù)字的題目并不常見(jiàn)。
【例5】
The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.
A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.
The entire staff should be retrained.
Better-educated employees should be promoted. M: And whats the picture?
W: Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.
21. What does the woman suggest about human resources?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話中女士建議hire a couple of engineers，選項(xiàng)中的a few engineers should be employed與此相對(duì)應(yīng)。
八、對(duì)話中列舉、舉例處
對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)列舉或舉例的地方往往也是出題的重點(diǎn)，因此，當(dāng)聽(tīng)到such as, for example, for instance, the first, the second等一類詞語(yǔ)，應(yīng)加以留意。
【例5】
It cost muc
h more than its worth.
It should be brought up-to-date.
It calls for immediate repairs.
It can still be used for a long time.
W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago.
20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說(shuō)自己提出了一些新的生產(chǎn)和廣告戰(zhàn)略，接著列舉了首要的一點(diǎn)：設(shè)備需要盡快更新。
九、對(duì)話中推測(cè)處
must, may, can等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用于表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去事實(shí)的推測(cè)，這些地方常常受到出題人的青睞。
【例5】
The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.
Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities.
Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.
The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders past experience.
W: Well, you might just be the person weve been looking for. Do you have any questions?
M: Uh-hum, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?
21. What can we conclude from the conversation?
【解析】推斷題。由女士話中的推測(cè)句式Y(jié)ou might just be the person可推知，女士似乎對(duì)男士過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)很滿意。
一、對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭
對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭部分一般都會(huì)引出談話的主題，比較容易設(shè)主旨題，主要考查對(duì)談話主題或所涉及場(chǎng)景的把握。
【例1】
To make a business report to the woman.
To be interviewed for a job in the womans company.
To resign from his position in the womans company.
To exchange stock market information with the woman.
W: Please have a seat, Mr. Thunders. I received your job resume last week, and was very impressed.
M: Thank you!
W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask why you are interested in working for us?
19. Whats the purpose of Mr. Thunders visit?
【解析】主旨題。問(wèn)候之后的首句往往引出談話的主題，也經(jīng)常是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話第一道問(wèn)題的設(shè)題點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)到訪者就座后，女士直接進(jìn)入正題，上周受到你的工作簡(jiǎn)歷，表明對(duì)話是圍繞男士申請(qǐng)工作這一話題展開(kāi)的，故答案為。
二、對(duì)話的結(jié)尾
對(duì)話結(jié)尾往往會(huì)涉及對(duì)話雙方的態(tài)度、建議或決定等總結(jié)性的內(nèi)容，而且經(jīng)常能夠進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)對(duì)話的主題及場(chǎng)景，也是出題者設(shè)題時(shí)考慮的重點(diǎn)。
【例6】
Changing her major.
Spending less of her parents money.
Getting transferred to the English Department.
Leaving the university.
W: They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.
25. What is Karen thinking of doing?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話結(jié)尾處女士通過(guò)進(jìn)行時(shí)表明了自己的打算。注意這里的quit是指退出現(xiàn)在的專業(yè)，而不是指退出大學(xué)，選擇答案時(shí)需根據(jù)上下文，切忌根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。
三、對(duì)話中的問(wèn)答處
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話由于仍然是以對(duì)話形式出現(xiàn)，雙方會(huì)就對(duì)話主題進(jìn)行討論，故其中經(jīng)常會(huì)包含一些對(duì)話雙方的一問(wèn)一答，這些地方往往是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題的重點(diǎn)。
【例2】
He is head of a small trading company.
He works in an international insurance company.
He leads a team of brokers in a big company.
He is a public relations officer in a small company. W: Thats good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?
M: Im currently working in a large international company in charge of a team of 8 brokers , we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.
20. What is Mr. Thunders current job?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。問(wèn)答處往往是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的設(shè)題點(diǎn)。女士詢問(wèn)男士目前的工作，男士回答說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在在一家跨國(guó)公司帶領(lǐng)一個(gè)8人組成的保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)人團(tuán)隊(duì)，故答案為。
四、對(duì)話中邏輯關(guān)系處
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中經(jīng)常會(huì)涉及到表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等邏輯關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)或句式，這些地方也很受出題人的青睞。
【例3】
Shes worried about the seminar.
The man keeps interrupting her.
She finds it too hard.
She lacks interest in it.
W: No, Jim, I suppose I havent. I need to get through although, but I keep drifting away.
M: So it doesnt really hold your interest?
W: No, not really. I wouldnt bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. Im at the university.
22. Why cant Karen concentrate on the book?
【解析】推斷題。女士話中but轉(zhuǎn)折后內(nèi)容表明女士對(duì)那本書(shū)并不感興趣，緊接著男士和女士的一問(wèn)一答再次揭示本題的答案為。
五、對(duì)話中建議處
對(duì)話中一方給另一方提出的建議或意見(jiàn)常常會(huì)被作為出題的重點(diǎn)，因此，聽(tīng)音時(shí)要注意捕捉一些特殊的表達(dá)建議的句式，如Youd better, why not do?等。
【例1】
Study the map of Quebec Province.
Find more about Quebec City.
Brush up on her French.
Learn more about the local customs.
M: Well, In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. So youd better practice your French before you go.
W: Good advice.
20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由男士話中的youd better可知他建議女士在去旅行前先練習(xí)一下法語(yǔ)，故答案為。
六、對(duì)話中比較處
形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，以及than, asas等引出的比較結(jié)構(gòu)也是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話題的設(shè)題重點(diǎn)之一。這類題目的選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)，考生要學(xué)會(huì)利用選項(xiàng)所給提示抓取關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。
【例4】
The lectures are boring.
The course is poorly designed.
She prefers Philosophy to English.
She enjoys literature more.
W: I should say, I dont like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.
M: Its not just the book, its the course as well?
W: Yeah, You see, I wanted to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.
23. Why is Karen starting to like the course less and less?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本題是在對(duì)話中的比較處命題。女士話中的do philosophy rather than English表明女士寧愿學(xué)哲學(xué)而不愿學(xué)英語(yǔ)。rather than意為而不是，不愿。
七、對(duì)話中數(shù)字信息處
對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)年代、時(shí)間、價(jià)格等數(shù)字信息的地方，也經(jīng)常被作為長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，但要注意，一般都是考查與數(shù)字相關(guān)的其他細(xì)節(jié)信息，而單純考查數(shù)字的題目并不常見(jiàn)。
【例5】
The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.
A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.
The entire staff should be retrained.
Better-educated employees should be promoted. M: And whats the picture?
W: Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.
21. What does the woman suggest about human resources?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話中女士建議hire a couple of engineers，選項(xiàng)中的a few engineers should be employed與此相對(duì)應(yīng)。
八、對(duì)話中列舉、舉例處
對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)列舉或舉例的地方往往也是出題的重點(diǎn)，因此，當(dāng)聽(tīng)到such as, for example, for instance, the first, the second等一類詞語(yǔ)，應(yīng)加以留意。
【例5】
It cost muc
h more than its worth.
It should be brought up-to-date.
It calls for immediate repairs.
It can still be used for a long time.
W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago.
20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說(shuō)自己提出了一些新的生產(chǎn)和廣告戰(zhàn)略，接著列舉了首要的一點(diǎn)：設(shè)備需要盡快更新。
九、對(duì)話中推測(cè)處
must, may, can等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用于表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去事實(shí)的推測(cè)，這些地方常常受到出題人的青睞。
【例5】
The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.
Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities.
Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.
The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders past experience.
W: Well, you might just be the person weve been looking for. Do you have any questions?
M: Uh-hum, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?
21. What can we conclude from the conversation?
【解析】推斷題。由女士話中的推測(cè)句式Y(jié)ou might just be the person可推知，女士似乎對(duì)男士過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)很滿意。
