2023年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類AB級(jí)閱讀判斷重要考點(diǎn)

　　考點(diǎn)1：考察代詞的指代內(nèi)容

　　18.When we dream, there is less movement of electrical wavesin our brains.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　B. 解析：?jiǎn)栴}句說(shuō)在我們做夢(mèng)的時(shí)候， 我們大腦中的腦電波運(yùn)動(dòng)較少 從句意上看，該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。利用問(wèn)題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞和brains)作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

　　Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves movemore quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids,just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals studied,including dogs,monkeys,cats,and elephants,and also some birds and reptiles .This period of sleep is called theDstate for around 50% of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.

　　答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)科學(xué)家們可以借助一種檢測(cè)大腦中腦電波的設(shè)備檢測(cè)出人是否在做夢(mèng)。該句沒(méi)有談到做夢(mèng)與腦電波之間的關(guān)系， 于是接著關(guān)注接下來(lái)的句子。接下來(lái)的句子說(shuō)During dreaming,these waves move more quickly， 根據(jù)代詞前指的特性判斷these waves就是指答案相關(guān)句中提到的腦電波， 綜合這兩句話的內(nèi)容得出的結(jié)論是做夢(mèng)時(shí)腦電波運(yùn)動(dòng)較快， 顯然問(wèn)題句提供了錯(cuò)誤信息。

　　考點(diǎn)2：考察推斷能力

　　19.Babies dream less than older childrenA. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　B. 解析：?jiǎn)栴}句說(shuō)嬰兒做的夢(mèng)比兒童做的夢(mèng)少。從句意上看，該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。利用問(wèn)題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

　　Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain.During dreaming,these waves move more quickly.Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids,just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals studied, including dogs,monkeys,cats,and elephants,and also some birds and reptiles . This period of sleep is called theDstate. Babies experience the Dstate for around 50% of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10

　　答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)嬰兒大約一半的睡眠時(shí)間都處于D狀態(tài)， 這種狀態(tài)到10歲的時(shí)候就減少到了大約25%， 現(xiàn)在需要確定D狀態(tài)是否與做夢(mèng)相關(guān)。 答案相關(guān)句的前一句說(shuō)這個(gè)時(shí)期的睡眠被稱為D狀態(tài)， 代詞通常都是前指，因此繼續(xù)關(guān)注前文內(nèi)容。 其前一句提到這些做夢(mèng)的跡象在所有的哺乳動(dòng)物中都已經(jīng)被檢測(cè)到。這些做夢(mèng)的跡象是指前文中提到的在做夢(mèng)期間出現(xiàn)的呼吸頻率， 脈搏頻率加快等做夢(mèng)跡象， 結(jié)合以上內(nèi)容判斷 這個(gè)時(shí)期的睡眠就是指做夢(mèng)的狀態(tài)， 即D狀態(tài)。 因此判斷答案相關(guān)句是說(shuō)嬰兒大約一半的睡眠時(shí)間都處于做夢(mèng)狀態(tài)， 這種狀態(tài)到10歲的時(shí)候就減少到了大約25%， 由此推斷出嬰兒比兒童的做夢(mèng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，因此問(wèn)題句提供了錯(cuò)誤信息。

　　考點(diǎn)3: 細(xì)節(jié)信息的查找和確認(rèn)

　　)

　　20. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　C.解析：?jiǎn)栴}句說(shuō)太陽(yáng)是宇宙中最重的恒星， 從句意上判斷該題內(nèi)容涉及文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息， 屬于細(xì)節(jié)信息題。 利用問(wèn)題句中的特征詞作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

　　Black Holes

　　Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere .Astronomersthink that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinitedensity.This single point is called a singularity .If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.

　　Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.

　　No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.

　　In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizononly 18 miles across.

　　The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillionmiles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.

　　In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however,so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.

　　結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中根本沒(méi)有提到太陽(yáng)， 也沒(méi)有提到the heaviest/最重的， 因此判斷問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容在文章中沒(méi)有提到。

　　提示：

　　如果問(wèn)題句中的全部或部分信息在文章沒(méi)有呼應(yīng)內(nèi)容，則應(yīng)該判斷該問(wèn)題句的信息在文章中沒(méi)有提及。

　　考點(diǎn)1：考察代詞的指代內(nèi)容

　　18.When we dream, there is less movement of electrical wavesin our brains.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　B. 解析：?jiǎn)栴}句說(shuō)在我們做夢(mèng)的時(shí)候， 我們大腦中的腦電波運(yùn)動(dòng)較少 從句意上看，該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。利用問(wèn)題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞和brains)作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

　　Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves movemore quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids,just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals studied,including dogs,monkeys,cats,and elephants,and also some birds and reptiles .This period of sleep is called theDstate for around 50% of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.

　　答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)科學(xué)家們可以借助一種檢測(cè)大腦中腦電波的設(shè)備檢測(cè)出人是否在做夢(mèng)。該句沒(méi)有談到做夢(mèng)與腦電波之間的關(guān)系， 于是接著關(guān)注接下來(lái)的句子。接下來(lái)的句子說(shuō)During dreaming,these waves move more quickly， 根據(jù)代詞前指的特性判斷these waves就是指答案相關(guān)句中提到的腦電波， 綜合這兩句話的內(nèi)容得出的結(jié)論是做夢(mèng)時(shí)腦電波運(yùn)動(dòng)較快， 顯然問(wèn)題句提供了錯(cuò)誤信息。

　　考點(diǎn)2：考察推斷能力

　　19.Babies dream less than older childrenA. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　B. 解析：?jiǎn)栴}句說(shuō)嬰兒做的夢(mèng)比兒童做的夢(mèng)少。從句意上看，該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。利用問(wèn)題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

　　Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain.During dreaming,these waves move more quickly.Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids,just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals studied, including dogs,monkeys,cats,and elephants,and also some birds and reptiles . This period of sleep is called theDstate. Babies experience the Dstate for around 50% of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10

　　答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)嬰兒大約一半的睡眠時(shí)間都處于D狀態(tài)， 這種狀態(tài)到10歲的時(shí)候就減少到了大約25%， 現(xiàn)在需要確定D狀態(tài)是否與做夢(mèng)相關(guān)。 答案相關(guān)句的前一句說(shuō)這個(gè)時(shí)期的睡眠被稱為D狀態(tài)， 代詞通常都是前指，因此繼續(xù)關(guān)注前文內(nèi)容。 其前一句提到這些做夢(mèng)的跡象在所有的哺乳動(dòng)物中都已經(jīng)被檢測(cè)到。這些做夢(mèng)的跡象是指前文中提到的在做夢(mèng)期間出現(xiàn)的呼吸頻率， 脈搏頻率加快等做夢(mèng)跡象， 結(jié)合以上內(nèi)容判斷 這個(gè)時(shí)期的睡眠就是指做夢(mèng)的狀態(tài)， 即D狀態(tài)。 因此判斷答案相關(guān)句是說(shuō)嬰兒大約一半的睡眠時(shí)間都處于做夢(mèng)狀態(tài)， 這種狀態(tài)到10歲的時(shí)候就減少到了大約25%， 由此推斷出嬰兒比兒童的做夢(mèng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，因此問(wèn)題句提供了錯(cuò)誤信息。

　　考點(diǎn)3: 細(xì)節(jié)信息的查找和確認(rèn)

　　)

　　20. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　C.解析：?jiǎn)栴}句說(shuō)太陽(yáng)是宇宙中最重的恒星， 從句意上判斷該題內(nèi)容涉及文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息， 屬于細(xì)節(jié)信息題。 利用問(wèn)題句中的特征詞作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

　　Black Holes

　　Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere .Astronomersthink that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinitedensity.This single point is called a singularity .If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.

　　Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.

　　No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.

　　In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizononly 18 miles across.

　　The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillionmiles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.

　　In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however,so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.

　　結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中根本沒(méi)有提到太陽(yáng)， 也沒(méi)有提到the heaviest/最重的， 因此判斷問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容在文章中沒(méi)有提到。

　　提示：

　　如果問(wèn)題句中的全部或部分信息在文章沒(méi)有呼應(yīng)內(nèi)容，則應(yīng)該判斷該問(wèn)題句的信息在文章中沒(méi)有提及。