牛津實用英語語法:119 have+賓語+過去分詞
A想對 I employed someone to do something for me(我雇用了某人為我做事)這一類句子作更簡潔的表達時，可以用這種結構：即不說 I employed someone to clean my car，而說 I had my car cleaned(我叫人擦了車子)。又如不說 I got a man to sweep my chimneys(這里got= paid/persuaded等)，而說I had my chimneys swept(我叫人通了煙囪)。
注意必須用have+賓語+過去分詞，否則意思就變了：
He had his hair cut.
他理了發。相當于：
He employed someone to do it.
他雇人理發。
但是：
He had cut his hair.(過去完成時)
他自己理了發。(在說話之前的某個時刻他自己給自己理了發)
have這樣用時，其否定式和疑問式的現在時和過去時都要用
do來構成：
-Do you have your windows cleaned evny month?
-I dont have them cleaned;I clean them myself.
-你每月都要叫人擦窗戶嗎?
-我不叫別人擦，我自己擦。
He was talking about having central heating put in.Did he have it put in in the end?
他那會兒總說要找人裝暖氣。到底裝上了沒有?
這種結構可以用于進行時態：
I cant ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment.
這一周我不能請你來吃飯了，因為現在我正讓人刷房子呢。
While I was having my hair done the police towed away my car.
我(讓人)做頭發時，警察把我的汽車拖走了。
The house is too small and he is having a room built on.
房子太小了，他正叫人添蓋一個房間。
get能夠像have一樣用于上述句中，但更口語化。句中提到完成動作的那個人的時候，也可以用get：
She got him to dig away the snow.
她讓他把雪挖走。(她雇/說服他)
(have與不帶to的不定式連用也能起同樣的作用，如She hadhim dig away the snow。但在英國英語中get結構要常用得多。)
B have+賓語+過去分詞結構在口語中可以用來代替常表示意外或不幸遭遇的被動態動詞。如 His fruit was stolen before hehad a chance to pick it(他樹上的果子還沒來得及摘就被人偷掉了)可由He had his fruit stolen before he had a chance topick it來代替。Two of his teeth were knoceked out in the fight(他的兩顆牙在打架中被打掉了)可由He had two of his teethknocked out來代替。
在本節A中，可以看到主語是命令別人做某事的人，而在這兒，主語則是承受行為結果的人。這里主語也可以是物：
The houses had their roofs ripped off by the gale.
房子被狂風掀掉了屋頂。
這里也可以用get代替have：
The cat got her tail singed through sitting too near the fire.
貓坐得太靠近爐火，尾巴上的毛被烤焦了。
A想對 I employed someone to do something for me(我雇用了某人為我做事)這一類句子作更簡潔的表達時，可以用這種結構：即不說 I employed someone to clean my car，而說 I had my car cleaned(我叫人擦了車子)。又如不說 I got a man to sweep my chimneys(這里got= paid/persuaded等)，而說I had my chimneys swept(我叫人通了煙囪)。
注意必須用have+賓語+過去分詞，否則意思就變了：
He had his hair cut.
他理了發。相當于：
He employed someone to do it.
他雇人理發。
但是：
He had cut his hair.(過去完成時)
他自己理了發。(在說話之前的某個時刻他自己給自己理了發)
have這樣用時，其否定式和疑問式的現在時和過去時都要用
do來構成：
-Do you have your windows cleaned evny month?
-I dont have them cleaned;I clean them myself.
-你每月都要叫人擦窗戶嗎?
-我不叫別人擦，我自己擦。
He was talking about having central heating put in.Did he have it put in in the end?
他那會兒總說要找人裝暖氣。到底裝上了沒有?
這種結構可以用于進行時態：
I cant ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment.
這一周我不能請你來吃飯了，因為現在我正讓人刷房子呢。
While I was having my hair done the police towed away my car.
我(讓人)做頭發時，警察把我的汽車拖走了。
The house is too small and he is having a room built on.
房子太小了，他正叫人添蓋一個房間。
get能夠像have一樣用于上述句中，但更口語化。句中提到完成動作的那個人的時候，也可以用get：
She got him to dig away the snow.
她讓他把雪挖走。(她雇/說服他)
(have與不帶to的不定式連用也能起同樣的作用，如She hadhim dig away the snow。但在英國英語中get結構要常用得多。)
B have+賓語+過去分詞結構在口語中可以用來代替常表示意外或不幸遭遇的被動態動詞。如 His fruit was stolen before hehad a chance to pick it(他樹上的果子還沒來得及摘就被人偷掉了)可由He had his fruit stolen before he had a chance topick it來代替。Two of his teeth were knoceked out in the fight(他的兩顆牙在打架中被打掉了)可由He had two of his teethknocked out來代替。
在本節A中，可以看到主語是命令別人做某事的人，而在這兒，主語則是承受行為結果的人。這里主語也可以是物：
The houses had their roofs ripped off by the gale.
房子被狂風掀掉了屋頂。
這里也可以用get代替have：
The cat got her tail singed through sitting too near the fire.
貓坐得太靠近爐火，尾巴上的毛被烤焦了。
