2024屆高考英語一輪考點規(guī)范練：必修5 Unit 3 Science and nature（牛津譯林版）.

　　考點規(guī)范練15(模塊五　Unit 3)

　　　考點規(guī)范練第30頁　?

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　We get it:You’re tired.You’re busy.And your shoes are way over there.Excuses are OK sometimes,but not every day—and especially not today.So put on your sneakers,get up off the couch,and let us kick your excuses to the curb(路牙子).

　　“I...dislike...panting(氣喘)!”

　　Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon,which will kill your confidence.But you don’t have to be huffing and puffing to get a workout.Active doesn’t have to mean high-intensity(高強度).It’s just about moving.?

　　“I hate exercise.”

　　It may seem unbearable,but you just have to get started.Exercise releases endorphins (your brain’s own feel-good chemicals),which can be habit-forming.What’s the best exercise?The one you’ll do regularly.So you may hate running.Don’t run!Ride your bike or just dance.Even cleaning your room is active.As long as you’re moving and getting your blood pumping,it counts.So get creative.

　　“I don’t have time.”

　　You may not have lots of time to spare when you’re busy with schoolwork,but we bet you can find 10 minutes.Bonus:An activity break will send oxygen to your brain,making you super-alert(超級警覺的) and more creative too.Famous thinkers like Aristotle and Steve Jobs liked “walking meetings,”and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while you brainstorm about a tough task or memorize your English vocabulary.

　　“I never see results!”

　　Even if you train with the help of a professional,you won’t see results right away.But you will feel them almost immediately.Don’t focus on how your body looks—focus on how you feel.Keep a journal of when you exercise(or don’t) and how you feel that day:Stressed?Focused?Tired?When you start noticing the amazing effects of exercise,you’ll have no excuses.

　　【語篇導讀】本文是議論文。文章反駁了幾種不運動的借口。

　　1.The underlined part “huffing and puffing” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “　”.?

　　A.moving aroundB.breathing heavily

　　C.feeling confident D.wearing nice shoes

　　答案:B

　　解析:詞義猜測題。由上文的“I...dislike...panting(氣喘)!”及“Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon...”以及下文的high-intensity可推斷,畫線部分意思是“氣喘吁吁”。

　　2.In the author’s eyes,the best exercise is the one that 　.?

　　A.is very relaxing

　　B.you will stick to

　　C.produces good results

　　D.you can spare time on

　　答案:B

　　解析:細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“What’s the best exercise?The one you’ll do regularly.”可知,作者建議人們做任何自己能夠堅持下去的運動項目。

　　3.Steve Jobs is mentioned to prove that doing exercise 　.?

　　A.is good for one’s figure

　　B.is good for one’s health

　　C.makes one much happier

　　D.makes one more productive

　　答案:D

　　解析:推理判斷題。由第四段中的“...making you super-alert(超級警覺的) and more creative too.”及“Steve Jobs liked ‘walking meetings,’and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while...”可推斷,喬布斯的例子是為了證明做運動可以使人們的工作效率更高。

　　4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A.Exercise excuses we are not buying

　　B.Benefits of regular physical activity

　　C.The best exercise and fitness routines

　　D.How to get started with an exercise plan

　　答案:A

　　解析:主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章列了四個不運動的借口并逐一反駁。故A項最適合作本文的標題。

　　B

　　I always pictured myself graduating from college,getting a cool job and even having a cute little place of my own.So far,I have a master’s degree and the coolest job ever as a physician assistant.But instead of waking up in a pretty apartment,I hear the early-morning sound of my parents making coffee downstairs.

　　At 27,I still live with my parents,and I love it.

　　My decision to live at home was not one of absolute necessity.As a physician assistant,I make a good salary and would be able to live on my own comfortably if I needed to do so.By the time I finished graduate school,I had had a $150,000 debt from both undergraduate and graduate education.With several of these loans earning a 7.9% interest rate,my father calculated that my loans were increasing by $15 a day in interest alone.At this rate,it would take me 30 years to pay off my student loans,with much of the payment going straight to interest.At last,I decided to live with my parents.

　　Beyond the endless supply of home-cooked meals,the best thing about moving back home is that I am not alone.Several of my physician assistant friends are in the same boat as I am—we are all highly educated,white-collar employees who live at home.Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing the same piles of debt.They often say if they could do it all again,they would do the same thing.

　　There’s a stigma(恥辱) that comes along with this arrangement.Some people might assume that we are too lazy to find a job.I don’t think my neighbors understand it,as they continually ask me when I am going to graduate and if I am old enough to look after their children.My mom just tells them that I’m successful,well-educated and that I save lives.

　　I love living at home.Now I’ve paid off $68,000 of my student loans.Our new relationship is symbiotic(共生的).My parents benefit from having an extra set of hands around the house to help with housework and a constant source to explain all pop-culture references.

　　【語篇導讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者畢業(yè)后和父母住在一起的故事。

　　5.The author once imagined 　.?

　　A.having her own beautiful house

　　B.having her parents pay off her loans

　　C.living with her parents after graduation

　　D.always being taken care of by her parents

　　答案:A

　　解析:細節(jié)理解題。由第一段開頭的“I always pictured myself...even having a cute little place of my own.”可知答案為A項。

　　6.Why did the author decide to live with her parents?

　　A.Because she missed them very much.

　　B.Because she couldn’t cook by herself.

　　C.Because she needed to repay a huge debt.

　　D.Because she was not able to support herself.

　　答案:C

　　解析:細節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知,作者為讀本科和研究生欠下了利息高昂的巨額債務,為盡快償還貸款,她決定和父母住在一起。

　　7.What is the author’s co-workers’ attitude towards her living with her parents?

　　A.Critical. B.Approving.

　　C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.

　　答案:B

　　解析:推理判斷題。由第四段末的“Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea...they would do the same thing.”可推斷,作者的同事贊成她和父母住在一起。

　　8.The author’s neighbors ask her to look after their kids mainly because 　.?

　　A.they know she is a helpful lady

　　B.they know she is well-educated

　　C.they think she doesn’t have a job

　　D.they think she is popular with kids

　　答案:C

　　解析:推理判斷題。由倒數第二段中的“Some people might assume that we are too lazy to find a job.I don’t think my neighbors understand it...”可推斷,鄰居們讓作者照顧孩子是因為他們以為作者是因為沒有工作才住在父母的家里。

　?、?七選五

　　Don’t scratch that itch!

　　Got an itch(癢)?1.　 Scratching an itch can make it worse and now scientists know why.Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St.Louis have discovered that scratching causes the brain to produce a chemical called serotonin(血清素),which makes the itching more intense(強烈的).?

　　Scientists have long known that scratching causes a mild sensation(感知) of pain in your skin.2.　 Yet pain signals that travel to your brain relieve the itching only temporarily.The problem,says researcher Zhou-Feng Chen,is that when the brain receives those pain signals,it produces serotonin to help control the pain.When serotonin travels along the spinal cord(脊髓),it can“jump tracks,”moving from pain-sensing nerve cells to those that influence itch intensity.3.?

　　Although Chen conducted his study on mice,the same annoying cycle of itching and scratching is thought to occur in humans.4. Not exactly,says Chen.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter(神經傳遞介質).It is involved in growth,aging,and mood regulation.Blocking serotonin would have far-reaching effects throughout the body,Chen explains.

　　The researchers are looking for other ways to break the cycle so they can help people with itchy conditions.One possibility:Affecting the communication between serotonin and the nerve cells that transmit the itchy sensation.5.?

　　A.Try to resist scratching it.

　　B.Until then,try not to scratch!

　　C.This pain masks the itchy feeling.

　　D.The result:The itch will be more and stronger.

　　E.So can blocking serotonin make you itch-free?

　　F.If the itch is really bothering you,talk to your doctor.

　　G.Scientists discover why scratching an itch can make it worse.

　　答案與解析:

　　【語篇導讀】本文是說明文。文章解釋了撓癢癢會越撓越癢的原因。

　　1.A　解析:A項與上文的“Got an itch?”相呼應,并且下文的“Scratching an itch can make it worse...”與A項是因果關系。

　　2.C　解析:C項與上文的“causes a mild sensation of pain”及下文的“Yet pain signals that travel to your brain relieve the itching only temporarily.”相呼應。

　　3.D　解析:根據第一段末的“serotonin,which makes the itching more intense”及此空前的“serotonin...moving from pain-sensing nerve cells to those that influence itch intensity”可推斷,撓癢癢的結果是使血清素從有痛感的神經細胞轉移到影響癢的強度的神經細胞,從而使人感覺更癢。故D項正確。

　　4.E　解析:E項與下文的“Not exactly,says Chen.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter(神經傳遞介質).It is involved in growth,aging,and mood regulation.Blocking serotonin would...”相呼應。

　　5.B　解析:B項與上文的“The researchers are looking for other ways to break the cycle so they can help people with itchy conditions.One possibility...”相呼應。

　?、?書面表達

　　假設你是新華中學學生會主席李華,你校將在下周五下午兩點到五點在學校禮堂舉行主題為“學會感恩”的英語演講比賽。請你寫信給附近某大學的外教懷特教授,邀請他前來擔任評委并請他在賽后進行總結發(fā)言。

　　注意:1.詞數100左右;

　　2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;

　　3.信的格式和開頭已給出,但不計入總詞數。

　　Dear Professor White,

　　I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Students’ Union of Xinhua Middle School,?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Hua

　　參考范文:

　　Dear Professor White,?

　　I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Students’ Union of Xinhua Middle School,which is close to your university.I am writing to invite you to serve as the judge of our English speech contest.It starts at 2 pm next Friday in the school hall and lasts three hours.And the topic of the contest is “Learning to be grateful”.?

　　Other judges are all the English teachers in our school.I’d appreciate it if you could set aside some time and attend our contest.As a respected expert,you are expected to deliver a summary speech after the contest.Please contact me if you have any questions.

　　We are looking forward to seeing you at the contest.

　　Yours sincerely,?

　　Li Hua?

　　考點規(guī)范練15(模塊五　Unit 3)

　　　考點規(guī)范練第30頁　?

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　We get it:You’re tired.You’re busy.And your shoes are way over there.Excuses are OK sometimes,but not every day—and especially not today.So put on your sneakers,get up off the couch,and let us kick your excuses to the curb(路牙子).

　　“I...dislike...panting(氣喘)!”

　　Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon,which will kill your confidence.But you don’t have to be huffing and puffing to get a workout.Active doesn’t have to mean high-intensity(高強度).It’s just about moving.?

　　“I hate exercise.”

　　It may seem unbearable,but you just have to get started.Exercise releases endorphins (your brain’s own feel-good chemicals),which can be habit-forming.What’s the best exercise?The one you’ll do regularly.So you may hate running.Don’t run!Ride your bike or just dance.Even cleaning your room is active.As long as you’re moving and getting your blood pumping,it counts.So get creative.

　　“I don’t have time.”

　　You may not have lots of time to spare when you’re busy with schoolwork,but we bet you can find 10 minutes.Bonus:An activity break will send oxygen to your brain,making you super-alert(超級警覺的) and more creative too.Famous thinkers like Aristotle and Steve Jobs liked “walking meetings,”and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while you brainstorm about a tough task or memorize your English vocabulary.

　　“I never see results!”

　　Even if you train with the help of a professional,you won’t see results right away.But you will feel them almost immediately.Don’t focus on how your body looks—focus on how you feel.Keep a journal of when you exercise(or don’t) and how you feel that day:Stressed?Focused?Tired?When you start noticing the amazing effects of exercise,you’ll have no excuses.

　　【語篇導讀】本文是議論文。文章反駁了幾種不運動的借口。

　　1.The underlined part “huffing and puffing” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “　”.?

　　A.moving aroundB.breathing heavily

　　C.feeling confident D.wearing nice shoes

　　答案:B

　　解析:詞義猜測題。由上文的“I...dislike...panting(氣喘)!”及“Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon...”以及下文的high-intensity可推斷,畫線部分意思是“氣喘吁吁”。

　　2.In the author’s eyes,the best exercise is the one that 　.?

　　A.is very relaxing

　　B.you will stick to

　　C.produces good results

　　D.you can spare time on

　　答案:B

　　解析:細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“What’s the best exercise?The one you’ll do regularly.”可知,作者建議人們做任何自己能夠堅持下去的運動項目。

　　3.Steve Jobs is mentioned to prove that doing exercise 　.?

　　A.is good for one’s figure

　　B.is good for one’s health

　　C.makes one much happier

　　D.makes one more productive

　　答案:D

　　解析:推理判斷題。由第四段中的“...making you super-alert(超級警覺的) and more creative too.”及“Steve Jobs liked ‘walking meetings,’and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while...”可推斷,喬布斯的例子是為了證明做運動可以使人們的工作效率更高。

　　4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A.Exercise excuses we are not buying

　　B.Benefits of regular physical activity

　　C.The best exercise and fitness routines

　　D.How to get started with an exercise plan

　　答案:A

　　解析:主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章列了四個不運動的借口并逐一反駁。故A項最適合作本文的標題。

　　B

　　I always pictured myself graduating from college,getting a cool job and even having a cute little place of my own.So far,I have a master’s degree and the coolest job ever as a physician assistant.But instead of waking up in a pretty apartment,I hear the early-morning sound of my parents making coffee downstairs.

　　At 27,I still live with my parents,and I love it.

　　My decision to live at home was not one of absolute necessity.As a physician assistant,I make a good salary and would be able to live on my own comfortably if I needed to do so.By the time I finished graduate school,I had had a $150,000 debt from both undergraduate and graduate education.With several of these loans earning a 7.9% interest rate,my father calculated that my loans were increasing by $15 a day in interest alone.At this rate,it would take me 30 years to pay off my student loans,with much of the payment going straight to interest.At last,I decided to live with my parents.

　　Beyond the endless supply of home-cooked meals,the best thing about moving back home is that I am not alone.Several of my physician assistant friends are in the same boat as I am—we are all highly educated,white-collar employees who live at home.Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing the same piles of debt.They often say if they could do it all again,they would do the same thing.

　　There’s a stigma(恥辱) that comes along with this arrangement.Some people might assume that we are too lazy to find a job.I don’t think my neighbors understand it,as they continually ask me when I am going to graduate and if I am old enough to look after their children.My mom just tells them that I’m successful,well-educated and that I save lives.

　　I love living at home.Now I’ve paid off $68,000 of my student loans.Our new relationship is symbiotic(共生的).My parents benefit from having an extra set of hands around the house to help with housework and a constant source to explain all pop-culture references.

　　【語篇導讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者畢業(yè)后和父母住在一起的故事。

　　5.The author once imagined 　.?

　　A.having her own beautiful house

　　B.having her parents pay off her loans

　　C.living with her parents after graduation

　　D.always being taken care of by her parents

　　答案:A

　　解析:細節(jié)理解題。由第一段開頭的“I always pictured myself...even having a cute little place of my own.”可知答案為A項。

　　6.Why did the author decide to live with her parents?

　　A.Because she missed them very much.

　　B.Because she couldn’t cook by herself.

　　C.Because she needed to repay a huge debt.

　　D.Because she was not able to support herself.

　　答案:C

　　解析:細節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知,作者為讀本科和研究生欠下了利息高昂的巨額債務,為盡快償還貸款,她決定和父母住在一起。

　　7.What is the author’s co-workers’ attitude towards her living with her parents?

　　A.Critical. B.Approving.

　　C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.

　　答案:B

　　解析:推理判斷題。由第四段末的“Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea...they would do the same thing.”可推斷,作者的同事贊成她和父母住在一起。

　　8.The author’s neighbors ask her to look after their kids mainly because 　.?

　　A.they know she is a helpful lady

　　B.they know she is well-educated

　　C.they think she doesn’t have a job

　　D.they think she is popular with kids

　　答案:C

　　解析:推理判斷題。由倒數第二段中的“Some people might assume that we are too lazy to find a job.I don’t think my neighbors understand it...”可推斷,鄰居們讓作者照顧孩子是因為他們以為作者是因為沒有工作才住在父母的家里。

　?、?七選五

　　Don’t scratch that itch!

　　Got an itch(癢)?1.　 Scratching an itch can make it worse and now scientists know why.Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St.Louis have discovered that scratching causes the brain to produce a chemical called serotonin(血清素),which makes the itching more intense(強烈的).?

　　Scientists have long known that scratching causes a mild sensation(感知) of pain in your skin.2.　 Yet pain signals that travel to your brain relieve the itching only temporarily.The problem,says researcher Zhou-Feng Chen,is that when the brain receives those pain signals,it produces serotonin to help control the pain.When serotonin travels along the spinal cord(脊髓),it can“jump tracks,”moving from pain-sensing nerve cells to those that influence itch intensity.3.?

　　Although Chen conducted his study on mice,the same annoying cycle of itching and scratching is thought to occur in humans.4. Not exactly,says Chen.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter(神經傳遞介質).It is involved in growth,aging,and mood regulation.Blocking serotonin would have far-reaching effects throughout the body,Chen explains.

　　The researchers are looking for other ways to break the cycle so they can help people with itchy conditions.One possibility:Affecting the communication between serotonin and the nerve cells that transmit the itchy sensation.5.?

　　A.Try to resist scratching it.

　　B.Until then,try not to scratch!

　　C.This pain masks the itchy feeling.

　　D.The result:The itch will be more and stronger.

　　E.So can blocking serotonin make you itch-free?

　　F.If the itch is really bothering you,talk to your doctor.

　　G.Scientists discover why scratching an itch can make it worse.

　　答案與解析:

　　【語篇導讀】本文是說明文。文章解釋了撓癢癢會越撓越癢的原因。

　　1.A　解析:A項與上文的“Got an itch?”相呼應,并且下文的“Scratching an itch can make it worse...”與A項是因果關系。

　　2.C　解析:C項與上文的“causes a mild sensation of pain”及下文的“Yet pain signals that travel to your brain relieve the itching only temporarily.”相呼應。

　　3.D　解析:根據第一段末的“serotonin,which makes the itching more intense”及此空前的“serotonin...moving from pain-sensing nerve cells to those that influence itch intensity”可推斷,撓癢癢的結果是使血清素從有痛感的神經細胞轉移到影響癢的強度的神經細胞,從而使人感覺更癢。故D項正確。

　　4.E　解析:E項與下文的“Not exactly,says Chen.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter(神經傳遞介質).It is involved in growth,aging,and mood regulation.Blocking serotonin would...”相呼應。

　　5.B　解析:B項與上文的“The researchers are looking for other ways to break the cycle so they can help people with itchy conditions.One possibility...”相呼應。

　　Ⅲ.書面表達

　　假設你是新華中學學生會主席李華,你校將在下周五下午兩點到五點在學校禮堂舉行主題為“學會感恩”的英語演講比賽。請你寫信給附近某大學的外教懷特教授,邀請他前來擔任評委并請他在賽后進行總結發(fā)言。

　　注意:1.詞數100左右;

　　2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;

　　3.信的格式和開頭已給出,但不計入總詞數。

　　Dear Professor White,

　　I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Students’ Union of Xinhua Middle School,?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Hua

　　參考范文:

　　Dear Professor White,?

　　I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Students’ Union of Xinhua Middle School,which is close to your university.I am writing to invite you to serve as the judge of our English speech contest.It starts at 2 pm next Friday in the school hall and lasts three hours.And the topic of the contest is “Learning to be grateful”.?

　　Other judges are all the English teachers in our school.I’d appreciate it if you could set aside some time and attend our contest.As a respected expert,you are expected to deliver a summary speech after the contest.Please contact me if you have any questions.

　　We are looking forward to seeing you at the contest.

　　Yours sincerely,?

　　Li Hua?