2024屆高考英語(yǔ)壓軸沖刺練：3

由雕龍文庫(kù) 分享時(shí)間：2024-04-02 11:56:36 收藏本文

　　高考?jí)狠S沖刺練三

　　限時(shí)40分鐘

　　Ⅰ. 完形填空

　　體裁記敘文話題教育詞數(shù) 311

　　Once upon a time, a student was in a physics class. He had achieved an otherwise perfect score, but the marker had　1　him poorly on one question. The question had asked him how he would　2　the height of a building using a barometer(氣壓計(jì)).

　　The student had written down. “Go to the　3　of the building. Drop the barometer and　4　the seconds until it drops on the sidewalk below. 5　use the formula(公式)for acceleration by gravity to　6　the height of the building. ”

　　Of course, with the help of a barometer, the　7　expected the student to use air pressure as a tool for measuring height. So he couldn’t　8　that part of the test.

　　When the student brought up that his answer　9　solve the question being asked, the professor promised he would let the student answer the question again with a different10　. And if the student solved the problem　11　, he would award him the marks for the question.

　　Immediately the student　12　that he would use the barometer to knock on the　13of the landlord in the building. When the landlord answered the door, he would ask, “How　14　is this building? ”

　　At once, the professor　15　what the student was doing. He asked him if he knew of any　16　methods to reach the answer. The student answered that he would　17　a long string to the barometer and measure the length of the string.

　　The professor decided to　18　the student the marks. As the story　19　, the student was young Niels Bohr, later becoming the famous　20　and discovering the nature of electrons inside atoms.

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇教育故事。作者介紹了著名物理學(xué)家Niels Bohr小時(shí)候的故事。

　　1. A. understood　B. graded

　　C. asked

　　D. fooled

　　【解析】選B。上下邏輯題。與前文的marker和score對(duì)應(yīng)。grade v. 評(píng)價(jià), 評(píng)分。

　　2. A. climb　B. build　C. meet　D. measure

　　【解析】選D。上下邏輯題。根據(jù)空后的the height of a building using a barometer判斷選measure(測(cè)量)。

　　3. A. front B. back

　　C. top

　　D. inside

　　【解析】選C。上下邏輯題。與下文的Drop對(duì)應(yīng), 故選top(頂部)。

　　4. A. follow B. count

　　C. adjust

　　D. leave

　　【解析】選B。詞義辨析題。根據(jù)空后的seconds判斷, 故選count計(jì)算, 數(shù)數(shù)。

　　5. A. Thus B. Therefore

　　C. Although

　　D. Then

　　【解析】選D。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題。前文的drop, count與空后的use是先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 故選then(然后)。

　　6. A. determine B. divide

　　C. deliver

　　D. defend

　　【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。句意: ……使用重力加速度公式確定建筑物的高度。determine確定。

　　7. A. friend B. manager

　　C. tester

　　D. lawyer

　　【解析】選C。上下邏輯題。根據(jù)上下文的test, 此處應(yīng)是測(cè)試者。

　　8. A. answer B. pass

　　C. fail

　　D. reach

　　【解析】選B。固定搭配題。pass the test考試及格, 該學(xué)生這部分的測(cè)試不及格。

　　9. A. did B. could

　　C. might

　　D. would

　　【解析】選A。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題。did用在肯定句或否定句中表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　10. A. barometer B. tool

　　C. test

　　D. method

　　【解析】選D。詞義辨析題。此處是教授答應(yīng)他用另一種方式再回答一次。method方法。

　　11. A. immediately B. slowly

　　C. again

　　D. easily

　　【解析】選C。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。與前文的again對(duì)應(yīng)。如果該生再一次解答出這個(gè)問(wèn)題, 老師將……

　　12. A. responded B. believed

　　C. proposed

　　D. challenged

　　【解析】選A。背景常識(shí)題。老師提出問(wèn)題, 學(xué)生回答。respond反應(yīng), 回答。

　　13. A. roof B. door

　　C. wall

　　D. bell

　　【解析】選B。上下邏輯題。根據(jù)下文的answered the door判斷此處是knock on the door敲門。

　　14. A. much B. old

　　C. big

　　D. tall

　　【解析】選D。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)前文可知要測(cè)量建筑物的高度。

　　15. A. saw B. asked

　　C. wondered

　　D. doubted

　　【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。教授看著學(xué)生在做的事情。

　　16. A. great B. scientific

　　C. other

　　D. bad

　　【解析】選C。上下邏輯題。教授問(wèn)學(xué)生是否還有其他的方法測(cè)量大樓的高度。

　　17. A. put B. tie

　　C. give

　　D. pull

　　【解析】選B。上下邏輯題。根據(jù)下文的string判斷, 應(yīng)用tie(系)。

　　18. A. avoid B. accept

　　C. abandon

　　D. award

　　【解析】選D。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)前文的he would award him the marks for the question判斷選D。

　　19. A. goes B. comes

　　C. tells

　　D. becomes

　　【解析】選A。固定搭配題。as the story goes據(jù)說(shuō)。

　　20. A. physicist B. dentist

　　C. biologist

　　D. artist

　　【解析】選A。背景常識(shí)題。根據(jù)空后的discovering the nature of electrons inside atoms判斷選A。

　?、? 閱讀理解

　　(2024·嘉興二模)

　　To honor the best books for young adults and children, TIME has created this list of classics: Best Young-Adults and Children’s Books.

　　The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian

　　Sherman Alexie’s coming-of-age novel shows family and traditions through young Arnold Spirit, torn between his life in an Indian community and his largely white high school. The specifics are sharply drawn, but this novel, with its themes of self-discovery, speaks to young readers everywhere.

　　Harry Potter

　　What more can be said about J. K. Rowling’s unique series? How about this: seven years after the final book was published, readers young and old still go crazy at the slightest rumor of a new Potter story.

　　The Book Thief

　　For many young readers, Markus Zusak’s novel provides their first in-depth reflection of the Holocaust(大屠殺). Although terror surrounds Liesel, a young German girl, so too does evidence of friendship, love and charity—recovering lights in the darkness.

　　A Wrinkle in Time

　　Madeleine L’Engle’s super-realist adventure has provided generations of children with their first-ever exciting experiences, as Meg travels across the fifth dimension(維度)in search of her father. But the science fiction also has a message: Meg learns independence and bravery in the process.

　　Charlotte’s Web

　　Readers are still drawn to the simplicity and beauty of spider Charlotte’s devotion to her pig friend Wilbur. Though family farms may be less common than they were in 1952, E. B. White’s novel remains timeless for its lasting reflection on the power of friendship and of good writing.

　　Holes

　　Louis Sachar’s story of a family curse(詛咒), fancy sports shoes and poisonous lizards moves forward and backward through time, telling of how Stanley Yelnats IV ended up in a prison camp. It’s an introduction to a complex story, filled with fun, warmth and a truly memorable criminal.

　　Matilda

　　With apologies to the lovable Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, this may be Roald Dahl’s most inspiring book for young people. Poor Matilda feels troubled and ignored by her family—a sense that many preteens share. They don’t share her supernatural powers, but that’s the lasting appeal of this escapist fun.

　　The Outsiders

　　Published when author S. E. Hinton was just 18, this coming-of-age novel offers evidence that even the youngest writer can provide valuable wisdom. Her striking look at Ponyboy and gang life in the 1960s has continued to have a powerful effect for decades on readers of all kinds, whether they identify more with the Greasers or the Socs.

　　The Phantom Tollbooth

　　In a humorous, sharp fairy tale(童話故事)that shows language and mathematics through a story of adventure in the Kingdom of Wisdom, Jules Feiffer’s unusual drawings do as much as Norton Juster’s plain language combined with complex ideas to carry readers through Digitopolis and the Mountains of Ignorance.

　　The Giver

　　Lois Lowry’s tale of self-discovery in society has a memorable central character, Jonas, and an unforgettable message—that pain and harm have an important place in individual lives and in society, and to forget them is to lose what makes us human.

　　【文章大意】本文主要介紹了目前在青少年中最暢銷的10本書(shū)的主要內(nèi)容。

　　1. Which of the following shares the same theme with The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian?

　　A. A Wrinkle in Time

　　B. The Giver

　　C. The Book Thief

　　D. Harry Potter

　　【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian部分的The specifics are sharply drawn, but this novel, with its themes of self-discovery, speaks to young readers everywhere和The Giver部分的Lois Lowry’s tale of self-discovery in society has a memorable central character可知這兩本書(shū)有同一個(gè)主題。

　　2. According to the passage, The Phantom Tollbooth______.

　　A. contains a lot of fancy pictures

　　B. talks only about maths problems

　　C. describes a journey in complex language

　　D. sets its background in the Kingdom of Freedom

　　【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章The Phantom Tollbooth部分的Jules Feiffer’s unusual drawings do as much as Norton Juster’s plain language combined with complex ideas可知它含有許多好看的圖畫。

　　3. It can be learned from the passage that______.

　　A. Charlotte fell in love with Wilbur

　　B. Matilda was well cared for in her family

　　C. Stanley Yelnats IV got punished

　　D. S. E. Hinton was best at telling fairy tales

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Holes部分的telling of how Stanley Yelnats IV ended up in a prison camp可知Stanley Yelnats IV受到了懲罰, 故選C。

　　4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A. To advertise for some booksellers.

　　B. To introduce some famous writers.

　　C. To admire some classics for kids and young adults.

　　D. To recommend some great works of TIME magazine.

　　【解析】選C。主旨大意題。通讀全文, 并根據(jù)文章的第一段可推斷選C, 和青少年分享一些經(jīng)典書(shū)。

　　(2024·嘉興二模)

　　Elderly women who eat foods higher in potassium(鉀)are less likely to have strokes and die than women who eat less potassium-rich foods, according to a new research in the American Heart Association. “Previous studies have shown that potassium consumption may lower blood pressure. But whether potassium intake could prevent stroke(中風(fēng))or death wasn’t clear, ”said Smoller, professor of the department of population health at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.

　　Researchers studied 90, 137 women, aged from 50 to 79 on average for 11 years. They looked at how much potassium the women consumed, as well as if they had strokes, including ischemic strokes(缺血性中風(fēng)), or died during the study period. Women in the study were stroke-free at the start and their average dietary potassium intake was 2, 611 mg/day. Results of this study are based on potassium from food, not supplements.

　　The researchers found: Women who ate the most potassium were 12 percent less likely to suffer stroke in general and 16 percent less likely to suffer an ischemic stroke than women who ate the least. Women who ate the most potassium were 10 percent less likely to die than those who ate the least. Among women who did not have high blood pressure, those who ate the most potassium had a 27 percent lower ischemic stroke risk and 21 percent reduced risk for all stroke types, compared to women who ate the least potassium in their daily diets. Among women with high blood pressure, those who ate the most potassium had a lower risk of death, but potassium intake did not lower their stroke risk.

　　“Our findings suggest that women need to eat more potassium-rich foods. You won’t find high potassium in junk food. Some foods rich in potassium include white and sweet potatoes, bananas and white beans. ”

　　The U. S. Department of Agriculture recommends that women eat at least 4, 700 mg of potassium daily. “Only 2. 8 percent of women in our study met or went beyond this level. The World Health Organization’s daily potassium recommendation for women is lower, at 3, 510 mg or more. Still, only 16. 6 percent of women we studied met or went beyond that, ”said Smoller.

　　While increasing potassium intake is probably a good idea for most elderly women, there are some people who have too much potassium in their blood, which can be dangerous to the heart. “People should check with their doctor about how much potassium they should eat, ”she said.

　　The study was observational and included only elderly women. Researchers also did not take sodium(鈉)intake into consideration, so the potential importance of a balance between sodium and potassium is not among the findings. Researchers said more studies are needed to determine whether potassium has the same effects on men and younger women.

　　【文章大意】本文講的是鉀的攝入對(duì)老年婦女來(lái)說(shuō)是好的, 可以減少患許多疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

　　5. Which of the following figures meets the daily potassium intake recommendation of the World Health Organization?

　　A. 4, 000 mg.

　　B. 3, 500 mg.

　　C. 3, 000 mg.

　　D. 2, 500 mg.

　　【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段第三句話The World Health Organization’s daily potassium recommendation for women is lower, at 3, 510 mg or more. 可知。

　　6. What conclusion can be drawn from the research findings?

　　A. Increasing potassium is definitely a good idea for all elderly women.

　　B. Elderly women with high blood pressure benefit more from potassium.

　　C. Potassium intake is more beneficial to those without high blood pressure.

　　D. There was not any association between potassium intake and ischemic strokes.

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中研究結(jié)果可知。

　　7. It can be learned from the passage that______.

　　A. results of the research were based on potassium from medicine

　　B. researchers gave different amounts of potassium to the elderly women

　　C. elderly women need to keep a balance between sodium and potassium intake

　　D. the effects of potassium intake on men and younger women are not yet known

　　【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話Researchers said more studies are needed to determine whether potassium has the same effects on men and younger women. 可知。

　　8. The author’s purpose for writing this passage is to______.

　　A. present a report on a new research

　　B. show the importance of a good lifestyle

　　C. give information about a chemical element

　　D. encourage elderly women to take potassium

　　【解析】選A。主旨大意題。作者寫這篇文章就是告訴人們一個(gè)新的科學(xué)調(diào)查。