2024高考英語熱點題型和提分秘籍專題訓練：專題12 特殊句式（原卷版）
2024年高考英語熱點題型和提分秘籍
專題12 特殊句式
特殊句式比較雜亂，掌握起來有一定的難度。其中倒裝句是高考的熱點，強調句是高考的難點。同時，祈使句與陳述句的區別、省略與替代的合理運用也是高考考查的重點項目。近三年的高考題更加注重考查知識之間的交叉現象，如在考查強調句的同時考查定語從句，把省略、強調句與時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生綜合把握語言知識的能力。
題型一
倒裝句
例1、In front of the farmhouse ________ (lie) a peasant boy.
【提分秘籍】
1全部倒裝
(1)表示方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, on the wall, under the tree等置于句首，且主語是名詞時。
①John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.
約翰打開門，那兒站著一位他從來沒見過的女孩。
②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.
公共汽車的前面躺著一個受傷的人，渾身是血。
(2)代詞such放在句首，且在句中作表語時。
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.
這些就是事實；沒有人可以否認。
(3)為平衡句子結構或使上下文銜接緊密，常將作表語的形容詞、副詞、分詞或介詞短語提到句首，引起全部倒裝。
①Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.
坐在第一排的是一些資深工人。
②Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
許多來自中國的科學家出席了會議。
注意：上述情況中，若主語是人稱代詞，則不用倒裝。
③Away they went.
他們走了。
________ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
熱點題型
部分倒裝
例2、 From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.
【提分秘籍】
(1)so/neither/nor＋助動詞/情態動詞＋主語(表示前一句中的內容也適合另一人或另一事物)
①If Joe's wife won't go to the party, neither will he.
如果Joe的妻子不參加晚會，他也不去。
②She has been to New York. So have I.
她去過紐約，我也去過。
注意：so表示“是的，確實”時，主謂語不倒裝。
－It is too hot.
－So it is.
——天太熱了。
——是啊，的確很熱。
(2)表示否定意義的副詞、連詞或短語置于句首時
當not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等詞或短語位于句首時。
①Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party.
在昨天的晚會上她一首歌也沒有唱。
②At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.
在任何情況下中國決不會第一個使用核武器。
(3)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首時
In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door.
他離開辦公室時太匆忙了，結果忘了鎖門。
(4)當“only＋狀語(副詞、介詞短語或從句)”置于句首時
Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.
只有在我朋友來了之后，電腦才修好。
(5)表語、狀語或動詞原形＋as/though＋主語＋其他時，句子要倒裝
Much as I like it, I'll not buy it.
盡管我很喜歡它，但我不會買。
Pretty as she is, she is not proud.
盡管她很漂亮，但她一點也不自負。
Try as he would, he might fail again.
盡管他還會試，但可能還會失敗。
(6)hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also...等引導兩個分句時，前一個分句用部分倒裝，后一個分句不變。
①Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一聽到這個消息就哭了。
②The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
電腦被應用于教學中，結果，不僅節省了老師的精力，學生也對課堂感興趣了。
(7)在省略if的虛擬條件句中(當條件從句中有were，had, should時)
①Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.
要是早復習了功課，你有可能就通過考試了。
②Should it not rain, we would go for a picnic tomorrow.
要是明天不下雨，我們就可以去野餐了。
Only by communicating with each other more frequently ________ they clear away the misunderstandings and solve the conflict.
熱點題型
強調句
．It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ________ I found we had a lot in common.
【提分秘籍】
1強調句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被強調的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被強調的部分可以是主語、賓語或狀語等。
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.
給我們工作帶來最大益處的不是我們做了多少而是我們將多少愛投入到我們所從事的事業中。
2強調句的特殊句式
強調句的特殊句式 結構構成 例句
一般疑問句 Is/Was it＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ Was it Tom who was to blame？
就是湯姆應負責任嗎？
特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞＋is/was it＋that＋句子其他部分？ The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him what he is today？
那個病人看上去好多了。是什么讓他變成今天這樣的呢？
強調句的特殊句式 結構構成 例句
not until句式 It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分
It was not until midnight that we got home because of traffic jams.
因為交通阻塞，直到半夜我們才到家。
not...but...句式 It is not...＋that...，but.../It is not...but...that... It is not quantity but quality that counts.
重要的不是數量而是質量。
3用助動詞強調謂語
如果要強調時態為一般現在時或一般過去時的肯定句中的謂語動詞，我們在該動詞前加助動詞do, does或did。
①Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give awards to films from other countries.
許多電影來自于美國，但我們的確也給其他國家的影片頒獎。
②He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.
他上周日的確來看過你，但是你出去了。
【舉一反三】
It was with great joy ________ Tom received the news ________ his lost son had been found.
熱點題型省略句
－I'm sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.
－How can that be? I did it as ________ (tell) in class.
【提分秘籍】
1．在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引導的狀語從句中，若謂語部分含有be動詞，而主語又與主句主語相同或主語是it時，從句的主語和be動詞常被省略。
①The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our health.
實驗表明，如果有規律地進行適量運動能強身健體。
②Get up early tomorrow, if not (you don't get up early), you will miss the first bus.
明天早點起床，如果不的話，你會錯過早班車。
2．I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so與not分別等于肯定或否定，賓語從句可省去。
①－Do you think it will rain?
－I hope not (that it will not rain)．
——你認為會下雨嗎？
——我希望不下。
②－Do you believe our team will win?
－I guess so.
——你相信我們隊會贏嗎？
——我猜會贏。
3．不定式省略，單獨使用不定式符號to。
(1)用來代替動詞不定式后被省略的動詞，常在be afraid/glad/happy, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等的后邊。
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.
我請他去看電影，但他不想去。
－Will you join in the game?
－I'd be glad to.
——你愿意加入做游戲嗎？
——我很高興加入。
(2)如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留be, have和have been。
－Are you a sailor?
－No, but I used to be.
——你是海員嗎？
——不，但我過去是。
題型反意疑問句及其他
A bit more effort, I think, ________ you will settle the problem.
【提分秘籍】
1反意疑問句
(1)祈使句式的反意疑問句
①肯定的祈使句，簡短問句用will you/won't you。
②否定的祈使句，簡短問句用will you。
③let's和let us引導的祈使句：let's表“建議，征詢”之意時，含聽話者在內，故簡短問句用shall we；let us表“建議、征詢”之意時，不含聽話者在內，故簡短問句用will you。
Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?
晚飯后我們散散步，好嗎？
1反意疑問句
(1)祈使句式的反意疑問句
①肯定的祈使句，簡短問句用will you/won't you。
②否定的祈使句，簡短問句用will you。
③let's和let us引導的祈使句：let's表“建議，征詢”之意時，含聽話者在內，故簡短問句用shall we；let us表“建議、征詢”之意時，不含聽話者在內，故簡短問句用will you。
Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?
晚飯后我們散散步，好嗎？
2句型：祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋簡單句(多用將來時)
(1)祈使句/名詞短語＋and＋簡單句表示“如果……，就……”
①“Only two centimeters higher，and you will break the world record，” encouraged the coach.
“再高兩厘米，你將打破世界紀錄”，教練鼓勵說。
②Bring the flowers into a warm room and they'll soon open.
將花放到暖和的房間里，它們將會很快開放。
(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋簡單句表示“……否則……”
Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.
不要開那么快，否則你會出事的。
注意：分詞作狀語結構＋主句與該句型，如不細心容易弄混，關注有沒有連詞即可。
1.【2024·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
A. to keep
B. to have kept
C．keep
D．have kept
2.【2024·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A. she realized
B. has she realized
C. she has realized
D. did she realize
3.【2024·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
A. which B. that C. where D. how
1．(2024·大綱全國卷)Not only ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
2．(2024·湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others.(will you keep, you will keep)
3．(2024·福建卷)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
4．(2024·天津卷)Give me a chance, ________I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
5．(2024·陜西卷)No sooner ________ Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
6．(2024·四川卷)Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr. Smith got angry?
7．(2024·湖南卷)________(make) what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life for it.
8．(2024·湖南卷)All we need ________(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
9．(2024·湖南卷)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life happy.
10. (2024·四川卷)________me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.
Ⅰ在空白處填上正確的內容(1個單詞)。
1． Only when our project has been approved of by the committee ________ we start to carry it out.
2．Try hard ________ I might, I can attach no definite meaning to this rather grand sentence.
3． My voice was so little, and the shop owner had to bend down to hear ________ it was that I wanted to buy.
4． ________ he ________ (predict) the disaster, he couldn't have taken his girl friend to the 2024. New Year's Celebration at the Bund, Shanghai.
5．Little ________ we know that the region was rich in natural resources about four decades ago.
6．“Not until I knew much about the Nanjing Massacre”，the foreigner says“________ I understand the significance of setting the National Memorial Day”．
7．It doesn't matter if they want to come to your birthday party, ________ it?
8．It's not what you love in your life but ________ you have in your life ________ matters.
9．It was the culture, rather than the language, ________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
10．If you go to the wildlife park, you'll find the places there more dangerous than commonly ________ (suppose)．
11．________ (give) a push, an object will move forward and do work.
12．－Did you finish your work?
－No, I wasn't able to, ________ you?
13．Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ________ (see) alone.
14．So heavy ________ the load that I felt great relief after taking it off.
15．On the top of the hill ________ (stand) a temple ________ the old man once lived.
Ⅱ：語篇語法填空(重點考查特殊句式)
