【師說】2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)天天增分訓(xùn)練：4（含解析）
天天增分(四)
滿分48分，實戰(zhàn)模擬，15分鐘拿下高考客觀題滿分！姓名：________ 班級：________
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
It is a familiar scene these days: employees tak ing newly laid-off (下崗) co-workers out for a drink for
comfort.
But
which
side
deserves
sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.
Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless person's mental health may “bottom out” after about six months, and then even begin to improve，the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse，” Burchell says.
Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety，for example，while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from－even if the result is cancer. It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight” response，which leads to damaging stress.
But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view, Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned, women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most
studies show that any job－it doesn't matter whether it is secure or insecure－gives psychological improvement over unemployment.”
Burchell
supposes
that
the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to be employed，but also to be the primary breadwinner，and that more of a man's self-worth depends on his job.
1. Why do researchers think the still employed
deserve sympathy more？
A. They have to do more work since then.
B. They have no chance to find better jobs.
C. They have to work with inexperienced workers.
D. They constantly worry about losing their jobs.
2. What is most likely to cause a “fight or flight”
response？
A. Not having a paid job.
B. Fierce competition for jobs.
C. Not knowing what will happen.
D. Pressure to work longer hours.
3. What will the writer talk about following the last
paragraph？
A. Advice on preparing a job interview.
B. Advice to those in insecure industries.
C. Some knowledge of psychology.
D. Difference in men and women.
4. What could be the best title for the text？
A. Is It Less Stressful to Get Laid Off Than Stay On？
B. Should Greater Sympathy Be Given to the Jobless？
C. Do Employees Bear More Stress Than Ever Before？
D. Do Men or Women Show Higher Levels of Anxiety？
【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)與下崗職工相比，在職人員更值得同情，因為擔(dān)心工作是否穩(wěn)定、自身的價值能否體現(xiàn)等一系列的心理壓力籠罩著他們，讓他們的身心備受煎熬。
1.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中“the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job ‘just continues to get worse and worse’”可知，研究者之所以認(rèn)為在職人員更值得同情，是因為在職人員一直處于擔(dān)心會失去工作的狀態(tài)中。
答案：D
2.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第三段內(nèi)容尤其是該段最后一句“When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop ‘fight or flight’response, which leads to damaging stress.”可知，當(dāng)不確定性持續(xù)下去時，人們會處于一種持續(xù)的“戰(zhàn)或逃”的反應(yīng)中，而這會導(dǎo)致?lián)p害性壓力的產(chǎn)生，故“戰(zhàn)或逃”的反應(yīng)是由不確定會發(fā)生什么而引起的。
答案：C
3.解析：推理判斷題。首先結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了與下崗職工相比，在職人員更值得同情，因為他們擔(dān)心會失去工作，這種長久焦慮的精神狀態(tài)讓他們倍感壓力。作者陳述了這種現(xiàn)象并分析了其產(chǎn)生的原因，由常理可知，接下來應(yīng)該談到給這些焦慮的人們的一些建議或忠告，以幫助他們減緩壓力。
答案：B
4.解析：標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文可知，本文將在職人員與失業(yè)人員的心理健康情況進行比較，主要是為了說明在職人員因持續(xù)擔(dān)心會失去工作而倍感壓抑。
答案：A
Ⅱ.七選五
How Can I Fight Laziness？
Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
__1__
Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach，viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.
__2__
Some
people
fight
laziness
by
removing
the temptations (誘惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.
__3__
Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. __4__ Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually
follow
your
example
and
perform
their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
__5__ Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
C. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you
fight laziness.
D. To fight family laziness, set an example.
E. With
strong determination, you will be able to
achieve your goal.
F. Create a reward system for yourself，just as parents do for a child.
G. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge
of your own life.
答案：
1.A 2.G 3.F 4.D 5.C
Ⅲ.完形填空
One of my fondest Christmas memories was also one of our family's bleakest (最令人沮喪的). We were just little kids，and on Christmas Day my mom
__1__
us all around her to tell us,
__2__
，that there would be no presents because all we really wanted was to
__3__
for our daddy. He was very sick. I don't remember anything else except four little girls surrounding my mother，crying
__4__
a miracle (奇跡).
At that very moment，someone
__5__
loudly on the door.
__6__
him was a merry group of soldiers from the Army base where my father
__7__
as a minister. News had
__8__
that we were in trouble, and his colleagues knew we needed some
__9__
. With all the excitement，even my dad,
__10__
in a blanket to keep warm，came down and sat in front of a roaring fire in our room to watch his children be
__11__
by good Samaritans (樂善好施的人). The presents were unwrapped，and we girls __12__
packages and found a doll each and four board games.
What is
__13__
to me is that I don't even remember what sickness my father was suffering from. I
__14__
remember an evening of laughter and
__15__
. There were no expensive toys but
__16__ moments of friendship and fun given by young men who knew that a family was having a(n)
__17__ time. They gave their time and their
__18__
to little children who needed to laugh. The most important things in life aren't things. And what about the true
__19__
of holidays? I hope we all are able to remember a thing about the holidays that stirs (攪動) our hearts，that isn't really a thing at all, but the smile on a child's face because we take a moment to hug or
__20__
a tear.
1. A. requested B. commanded
C. gathered
D. recommended
2. A. in tears
B. in doubt
C. in silence
D. in surprise
3. A. apply
B. pray
C. pay
D. ask
4. A. to
B. with
C. for
D. in
5. A. knocked
B. beat
C. tapped
D. struck
6. A. Fighting
B. Shooting
C. Running
D. Following
7. A. charged
B. existed
C. governed
D. worked
8. A. expanded
B. spread
C. distributed
D. disappeared
9. A. confidence
B. cheer
C. trust
D. wisdom
10. A. dressed
B. attached
C. trapped
D. wrapped
11. A. persuaded
B. saved
C. taught
D. entertained
12. A. discovered
B. sought
C. unfolded
D. packed
13. A. strange
B. frightening
C. useful
D. encouraging
14. A. seldom
B. just
C. even
D. hardly
15. A. happiness
B. surprise
C. doubt
D. anxiety
16. A. shocking
B. priceless
C. worthless
D. beneficial
17. A. relaxing
B. great
C. ordinary
D. tough
18. A. praise
B. treatment
C. attention
D. response
19. A. theme
B. spirit
C. principle
D. theory
20. A. wipe away
B. deal with
C. write about
D. burst into
【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。圣誕節(jié)前夜，母親告訴“我們”，由于父親臥病在床，所以今年沒有圣誕禮物。但隨后父親的同事來看望父親和“我們”，給“我們”帶來了歡樂。通過這件事，作者向讀者講述了這樣一個道理：生活的真諦是給別人帶來歡樂，幫助別人消除生活的困難和不快。
1.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中“all around her”可知，此處是指媽媽把“我們”聚在一起。C項意為“聚集”，符合語境。A項意為“請求”；B項意為“命令，指揮”；D項意為“推薦”，都與語境不符。
答案：C
2.解析：考查介詞短語辨析。根據(jù)下文“He was very sick.”及“crying __________ a miracle”可知，“我”的父親病得很嚴(yán)重；由此可推知，母親流著淚對“我們”說，這個圣誕節(jié)沒有禮物。A項意為“流著淚”，符合語境。B項意為“懷疑”；C項意為“沉默”；D項意為“驚訝”，都與語境不符。
答案：A
3.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“He was very sick.”可知，“我”的父親病得很嚴(yán)重，所以“我們”要為他祈禱，希望他早日康復(fù)。B項意為“祈禱”，符合語境。A項意為“申請”；C項意為“支付”；D項意為“詢問”，都與語境不符。
答案：B
4.解析：考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，父親病重，“我們”生活困難，連圣誕禮物都沒有，所以只能哭著祈禱奇跡的出現(xiàn)。C項意為“為了，為了得到”，符合語境。
答案：C
5.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)“on the door”可知，有人敲門。knock on the door為固定搭配，意為“敲門”。B項意為“敲打，打敗”；C項意為“輕拍”；D項意為“撞擊”，都與語境不符。
答案：A
6.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中“was a merry group of soldiers from the Army base”可知，他后面跟著一隊士兵。D項意為“跟隨”，符合語境。A項意為“戰(zhàn)斗”；B項意為“射擊”；C項意為“奔跑”，都與語境不符。
答案：D
7.解析：考查動詞辨析。work as為固定搭配，意為“以……身份而工作”；根據(jù)語境可知，“我”的父親曾在那個軍隊基地中擔(dān)任部長。A項意為“收費，掌管”；B項意為“存在”；C項意為“統(tǒng)治”，都與語境不符。
答案：D
8.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，“我們”家生活困難的消息傳到了父親的同事那里。B項意為“傳播”，符合語境。A項意為“擴大”；C項意為“分發(fā)”；D項意為“消失”，都與語境不符。
答案：B
9.解析：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，聽說“我們”生活困難的消息之后，父親的同事認(rèn)為“我們”需要歡樂。B項意為“歡樂，加油”，符合語境。A項意為“信心”；C項意為“信任”；D項意為“明智”，都與語境不符。
答案：B
10.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“in a blanket to keep warm”可知，“我”的父親裹著毯子來保暖。D項意為“裹著”，符合語境。A項意為“穿著”；B項意為“貼上”；C項意為“誘捕”，都與語境不符。
答案：D
11.解析：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“remember an evening of laughter”可知，“我們”被這群善良的人逗樂了。D項意為“娛樂，逗樂”，符合語境。A項意為“說服”；B項意為“挽救”；C項意為“教”，都與語境不符。
