2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解解析版匯編：119（含解析）

　　2024高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解析版匯編（119）

　　閱讀理解, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　In present-day China，we can find two types of fast food—western food and Chinese food.However，not until the recent decade has western fast food become popular in China.Before the first hamburger walked its way into the Chinese food market，we had little idea about such terms as hot dogs，pizza，potato chips，let alone KFC and McDonald's.It is the reform and opening-up policy that has brought about the interflow of the food culture between China and the western countries.

　　Fast food，both Chinese food and western food，has several advantages.In the first place，fast food，as is characterized by its name，is fast.The food is always ready and fresh，waiting for its customers.This saves people's precious time，and consequently goes well with the tempo of life in modern society.

　　Secondly，it is very convenient.As we know，fast food restaurants are much the same as cafeterias.Customers may feel free to help themselves to any variety provided and eat to their hearts' content.Thirdly，fast food restaurants are environmentally comfortable.Clean dishes，shiny tables，decent service and light music all stimulate people's appetite to eat more.

　　The above mentioned advantages make fast food become rooted in almost all parts of the country and enjoy popularity among people.That's also why nowadays Singapore fast food，Turkish fast food and India-Pakistan fast food have found their homes in China.

　　As every coin has two sides，fast food also has its disadvantages such as lack of nutrition and dull taste.Nevertheless，these are minor points compared with its advantages.Since most people agree with fast food，it tends to grow more rapidly.

　　1．What's the best title for this passage？.

　　A．The Road to the Western Fast Food

　　B．The Growth of Fast Food in China

　　C．Singapore Fast Food in China

　　D．Every Coin Has Two Sides

　　答案：B　從第一段中國(guó)人一開(kāi)始對(duì)快餐了解較少，后來(lái)西方的肯德基、麥當(dāng)勞進(jìn)入中國(guó)，直到倒數(shù)第二段新加坡等國(guó)的快餐進(jìn)入中國(guó)，看出該文是敘述快餐在中國(guó)的發(fā)展。

　　2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．All the fast food is cooked hot.

　　B．Fast food is worth its name.

　　C．Fast food is ready for pupils.

　　D．Fast food is especially convenient for those going to offices.答案：A　A項(xiàng)所述太片面，并不是所有的快餐都是煮熱，也有涼的。

　　3．The sentence“Customers may feel free to help themselves to any variety provided and eat to their hearts' content”means“Customers may________”．

　　A．only have fast food at the restaurants beside the schoolsB．have to run to the fast food restaurants

　　C．eat whatever they like in the restaurant

　　D．have meals according to the boss order

　　答案：C　根據(jù)本段第二句，可以看出顧客可以自由地選擇他們喜歡的食物。variety“多樣化”，to their hearts' content“符合他們心意的”。

　　4．What do the words“environmentally comfortable”mean?

　　A．It will help keep the babies healthy.

　　B．It will help fight against disease.

　　C．It will help form good habits.

　　D．It's a pleasure for a customer to have fast food in the restaurant.

　　答案：D　從本段看出，快餐店是干凈，明亮，服務(wù)周到，伴有輕音樂(lè)，在這里吃飯是一種享受。

　　閱讀理解, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient—to speed recovery or to cover the coming of death？In medicine as in law，government，and other lines of work，the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed (變矮小)by greater needs：the need to protect form brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy；to advance the public interest.

　　What should doctors say，for example，to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who，though he feels in perfect health，is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months？Is it best to tell him the truth？If he asks，should the doctors reject that he is ill，or minimize the gravity of the illness？Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?

　　Doctors face such choices often.At times，they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake；in their eyes，such lies sharply form self-serving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition，and that informing them risks destroying their hope，so that they may recover more slowly，or deteriorate (惡化)faster，perhaps even commit suicide (自殺)．

　　But other studies show that，contrary to the belief of many physicians；a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth，even about serious illness，and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled.We are also learning that truthful information，humanely conveyed (傳達(dá))，helps patients cope

　　with illness：help them tolerate pain better，need less medicine，and even recover faster after surgery.

　　There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.Not only in medicine，but in other profession as well，practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences (后果)seem avoidable only through deception(欺騙)．Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception，for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted，to spread，and to trust.Neither in medicine，nor in law，government，or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying，“What you don't know can't hurt you.”

　　1．According to the author's opinion，lies ________.

　　A．can

　　benefit the patients

　　B．can help the patients to recovery

　　C．can do nothing to the patients' illness

　　D．can not benefit the patients

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段最后幾句可得知答案。

　　2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．Most of the doctors believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition.B．The truthful information helps patients to deal with their illness.

　　C．There is a need to discuss whether to lie to the patients.

　　D．It is true that“What you don't know can't hurt you.”

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后，作者認(rèn)為“What you don't know can't hurt you.”這一說(shuō)法不對(duì)。

　　3．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

　　A．There is an urgent need to debate this issue openly.

　　B．Neither in medicine，nor in law，government，the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying.“What you don't know can't hurt you.”

　　C．The public has every reason to be aware of professional deception.

　　D．We need to discuss this issue in medicine，but not in other professions.

　　答案：A　主旨?xì)w納題。第一句就是本段的主題句。

　　4．What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?

　　A．Deception is beneficial to patients.

　　B．Whether patients should be told the truth of their illness.

　　C．Whether patients really want to know the truth of their illness.

　　D．Who benefits from deception.

　　答案：B　主旨?xì)w納題。通讀全文可知，作者針對(duì)醫(yī)生對(duì)病人隱瞞病情這一做法提出質(zhì)疑：病人應(yīng)不應(yīng)該了解真相？了解真相對(duì)他們有沒(méi)有好處？

　　閱讀理解When Frida Kahlo's paintings were on show in London，a poet described her paintings as“ a ribbon (絲帶)around a bomb”．Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time.Sadly，she is actually a much_bigger_name today than she was during her time.

　　Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City ，Kahlo suffered from polio(小兒麻痹癥)at the age of seven.Her spine (脊柱)became bent as she grew older.Then，in 1925，her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.Throughout the rest of her life，the artist had many operations，but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.However，the accident had an unexpected side effect.While lying in her bed recovering，Kahlo taught herself to paint.

　　In 1929，she got married to Diego Rivera，another famous Mexican artist.Rivera's strong influences on Kahlo's style can be seen in her early works，but her later works from the 1940s，known today as her best works，show less influence from her husband.

　　Unfortunately，her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s，even in her home country.Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954，Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world，but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.

　　弗里達(dá)·卡洛是一位畫(huà)家，她的作品還有藝術(shù)影響力，但是她的名氣在現(xiàn)在比她當(dāng)時(shí)的時(shí)代要大得多。

　　1．What does the phrase“a much bigger name”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?

　　A．a(chǎn) far better artist

　　B．a(chǎn) far more gifted artist

　　C．a(chǎn) much stronger person

　　D．a(chǎn) much more famous person

　　答案：D　詞義理解題。說(shuō)句話說(shuō)道卡洛對(duì)她那時(shí)期的世界藝術(shù)有很大的影響，故此處的“a much bigger name”是指她的影響力或者名聲。

　　2．The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by

　　________.

　　A．polio

　　B．her bent spine

　　C．back injuries

　　D．the operations she had

　　答案： C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Then，in 1925，her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.”以及第三句的“but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back”可知答案。

　　3．Kahlo's style had become increasingly independent since the

　　________.

　　A．1930s

　　B．1940s

　　C．1950s

　　D．1970s

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的最后一句“her later works from the 1940s，known today as her best works，show less influence from her husband”可知，從1940s她的作品才漸漸獨(dú)立。

　　4. What is author's attitude toward Kahlo?

　　A．Devotion.

　　B．Sympathy.

　　C．Worry.

　　D．Encouragement.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“sadly”和最后一段的“unfortunately”可知作者對(duì)卡洛持同情的態(tài)度。

　　閱讀理解I suppose that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention. And especially if it’s given from the heart. When people are talking，there’s no need to do anything but receive them. Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even more important than understanding it. Most of us don’t value ourselves or our love enough to know this. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of simple saying “I’m so sorry” ，when someone is in pain.

　　One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story people often interrupted to tell her that they once had something just like that happening to them. Her pain became a story about themselves. Eventually she stopped talking to most people. We connect through listening. When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand，we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen，they know we care.

　　I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I used to reach for the handkerchiefs，until I realized that passing a person a handkerchief may be just another way to shut him down，to take them out of their experience of sadness. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry，they find me there with them.

　　This simple thing has not been that easy to learn. It certainly went against everything I had been taught since I was very young. I thought people listened only because they were too shy to speak or did not know the answer. But now I know that a loving silence often has far more power to heal than the kindest words.

　　1．What does the author value most in the communication with each other?

　　A．Deep understanding.

　　B．Saying “I’m sorry”．

　　C．Attention from heart.

　　D．Doing nothing.

　　2．The woman patient stopped telling her story to most people because________.

　　A．she didn’t get enough respect from others

　　B．she was discouraged by being often interrupted

　　C．people often told her their own opinions

　　D．people couldn’t understand her sad situation

　　3．If you hand a handkerchief to someone crying，you may________.

　　A．hurt his feelings

　　B．make him embarrassed

　　C．encourage him to continue to cry

　　D．stop him from letting out his sorrow

　　4．It can be inferred from the passage that while communicating，________.

　　A．listening is a perfect way to respond to others

　　B．people keep silent because they don’t know the answer

　　C．keeping silent means being too shy to speak

　　D．it is easy to form the habit of listening silently

　　[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]　全身心地聆聽(tīng)別人傾訴是幫助別人排解憂傷的最好方式。

　　1．解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段第三、四句可知答案為C。

　　2．解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段前三句的內(nèi)容可知這位女病人之所以不再向別人傾訴是因?yàn)樗偸潜淮驍啵蔬xB項(xiàng)。

　　3．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段第二句中的until I realized that passing a person a handkerchief may be just another way to shut him down，to take them out of their experience of sadness可知選D。

　　4．解析：選A。推理判斷題。通讀全文可推知A項(xiàng)正確。

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Going on holiday not only makes you feel good while you’re there—you gain the health benefits for months，new research shows. Jetting off to exotic destinations such as the Maldives cuts your blood pressure, helps you sleep better and bounce back from stress, it found.The benefits last at least a fortnight longer than the vacation and can be felt for months in some cases where it is claimed.Experts say workers should always take their full holiday entitlement each year—as many as one in three don’t—to get the benefits.

　　The study compared key health markers in holidaymakers visiting Thailand, Peru or the Maldives, with people who stayed at home and continued working. The average blood pressure of those on holiday dropped by six percent while the workers saw their blood pressure rise by two percent over the same period.The sleep quality of holidaymakers improved by 17 percent while that of the non－h(huán)olidaymakers deteriorated_by 14 percent.

　　The study also found the ability of vacationers to recover from stress－known as the stress－resilience test－improved by 29 percent. There was a 71 percent fall in stress resilience scores among workers. Tests showed a fall in blood glucose levels, reducing the risk of diabetes, trimmer waistlines and enhanced mood and energy levels, with the effects sustained for at least two weeks after returning home.

　　The Holiday Health Experiment was conducted by tour operator Kuoni and Nuffield Health, the UK’s largest healthcare charity.

　　1. According to the passage, how many people go on holiday?

　　A．One third.B．Two thirds.

　　C．17 percent.

　　D．A quarter.

　　. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?

　　A．The further you go, the better the benefits.

　　B．Most people like to stay at home during the holiday.

　　C．Holidaymakers are more adaptable than non－h(huán)olidaymakers.