3年高考2年模擬1年原創(chuàng)備戰(zhàn)2024高考精品系列之英語：專題13 特殊句式（倒裝句、省略句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句）（原卷版）

　　3年高考2年模擬1年原創(chuàng)精品系列

　　專題13

　　特殊句式（倒裝句、省略句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句）

　　【2024年高考命題預(yù)測】

　　高考研究特殊句型是英語學(xué)習(xí)中必須掌握的難點(diǎn)知識，熟練地掌握和使用對提高應(yīng)試能力有很大的幫助。通過近幾年試題的分析與研究，主要從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行考查：倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，首先應(yīng)弄清楚如何正確地使用，其次要在具體的語境中靈活使用。

　　2024考綱解讀和近幾年考點(diǎn)分布

　　從近幾年高考試題來看，特殊句式主要考查倒裝句、省略句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法。特殊句式比較雜亂，掌握起來有一定的難度。其中倒裝句是高考的熱點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句是高考的難點(diǎn)。同時(shí)，祈使句與陳述句的區(qū)別、省略與替代的合理運(yùn)用也是高考考查的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。近三年的高考題更加注重考查知識之間的交叉現(xiàn)象，如在考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的同時(shí)考查定語從句，把省略、強(qiáng)調(diào)句與時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生綜合把握語言知識的能力。

　　一、

　　二、近幾年高考中，主要考查了強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，省略句主要和非謂語動(dòng)詞一起考查。

　　三、高考命題對特殊句式考查的綜合性和情景性越來越強(qiáng)。

　　【考點(diǎn)pk】

　　名師考點(diǎn)透析

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句和省略句

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　考點(diǎn)l

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)及其中的who和that

　　①It was after the wa was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again．正是在戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后愛因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。

　　②It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed．那位老太太是在銀行的前面被搶劫的。

　　③It is when he got back that he knew what had happened．他回來后才知道所發(fā)生的情況。

　　④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness．他在黑暗中看到的就是這只山羊的眼睛。

　　特別提示

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主謂一致性：當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞

　　應(yīng)與主語一致，即人稱和數(shù)要一致。如：

　　①It is my mother who cooks every day．每天煮飯的是我媽媽。

　　②It is he who is wrong．是他錯(cuò)了。

　　考例：If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ____ he will turn to for it.

　　A．where B．that C．which D．what

　　考點(diǎn)二

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語部分

　　①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years．他在去倫敦之前已經(jīng)學(xué)了三年英語。(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間)

　　②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark．最好在你有疑問的地方做個(gè)記號。(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn))

　　③n was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party．她沒來參加聚會(huì)是因?yàn)樗×恕?強(qiáng)調(diào)原因)

　　④It is as the Party tells us that we must do．我們必須做的就是聽從黨的安排。(強(qiáng)調(diào)方式)

　　⑤It is as long as you promise to be back before 8：00 that you can go out．只要你保證八點(diǎn)以前回來你就可以出去。(強(qiáng)調(diào)條件)

　　①It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it．直到下車我才意識到這一點(diǎn)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

　　②Not until I got ff the bus did I realize it．直到下車我才意識到這一點(diǎn)。(倒裝句)

　　考例：It was not until midnight ____ we got home because of traffic jams.

　　A．that B．when C．while D．a(chǎn)s

　　考點(diǎn)3 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句

　　1．一般疑問句。結(jié)構(gòu)為：Is/Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：

　　Was it during the Anti．Japanese War that he died?他是在抗日戰(zhàn)爭期間去世的嗎?

　　2．特殊疑問句。結(jié)構(gòu)為：特殊疑問詞(what/Who/when/Why/

　　Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如：

　　Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?為什么這兒不允許吸煙?

　　‘

　　考點(diǎn)4 強(qiáng)調(diào)句與主語從句、定語從句和狀語從句的辨析

　　2．定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞(即關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞)在從句的使用過程中較為豐富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why等，與充當(dāng)先行詞的名詞或代詞存在修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系；而強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的引導(dǎo)詞只有who和that，強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)，用who或that，強(qiáng)調(diào)其他時(shí)，只用that，且與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分不存在修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。如：

　　①It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high schoo1．

　　那是2009年，她高中畢業(yè)的時(shí)候。(定語從句)

　　①It is three years since he joined the army．自他參軍以來已有三年了。

　　②It is many years since he smoked．他沒有吸煙已有好多年了。

　　(2)It is/will(not)be+時(shí)間段+before從句。表示”要過多久(不久)才……”，before從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：

　　It won’t be long before you reach your goal．你離成功不遠(yuǎn)了。

　　(3)It Was+時(shí)間段+before從句。表示”過了多久才……”。before從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞多用一般過去時(shí)。如：

　　It was four hours before he finished the work,過了四小時(shí)他才完成工作。

　　考例：It is_________ Tom often breaks the school roles_________ makes his teacher unsatisfied with him．

　　A．what：that

　　B．that；what

　　C．that；that

　　D．which ;that

　　C

　　【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和主語從句。句意：是湯姆經(jīng)常違反學(xué)校規(guī)定才讓他的老師對他不滿意的。本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是主語從句that Tom often breaks the school rules。

　　考點(diǎn)5 謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句“It is/was…that…”一般不強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，用助動(dòng)詞do，does或did。如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1．家里的確設(shè)法讓他上技術(shù)學(xué)校。

　　倒裝句

　　考點(diǎn)1 全部倒裝

　　Now comes your turn!該你了

　　3．當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)類介詞短語位于句首且后有不及物動(dòng)詞be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等時(shí)，常用全部倒裝。如：

　　On the ground lay an old man，who was dying．地上躺著一位老人，奄奄一息。

　　4．such作表語，置于句首，表示“這樣的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be動(dòng)詞須與后面的主語保持一致。如：

　　Such is their decision．他們的決定就是這樣。

　　考例：At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.

　　A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】考查倒裝。表示方位的地點(diǎn)狀語提前，句子完全倒裝，所以選A項(xiàng)。

　　考點(diǎn)2 部分倒裝

　　只把助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語前面，叫部分倒裝。主要有：

　　情況加以肯定，它的主語與上文的主語相同，so相當(dāng)于indeed，certainly。如：

　　①M(fèi)ary has learned by heart 200 words，and So have I．瑪麗已經(jīng)記住了200個(gè)單詞，我也是這樣。

　　②——The girls study hard．這些女孩學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。

　　——so they do．她們的確如此。

　　3．在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否定或半否定詞開頭的句中用部分倒裝。如：

　　Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery．我想象不到會(huì)看到這樣美妙的景色。

　　6．在hardly…when，no sooner…than，not until句型中，主句須部分倒裝。如：

　　Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow．他一到，天就下起雪來了。

　　7．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)為：形容詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞+as+主語+謂語。如：

　　8．在省略了if的虛擬條件句中，were，had或should置于句首。如：

　　Were I in your position，1 would not go．我要是在你的位置上，我是不會(huì)去的。

　　9．however，no matter how引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。如：

　　However hard he worked，he couldn’t solve the problem．不管多努力，他就是解決不了那個(gè)問題。

　　考例：1.We laugh at jokes，but seldom ______

　　about how they work．

　　A．we think

　　B．think we

　　C．we do think

　　D．do we think

　　2.Never______

　　Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.

　　A．did we think

　　B．have we thought

　　C．we thought

　　D．we have thought

　　A

　　【解析】倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)否定詞never，not，hardly，seldom等放在句首的時(shí)候，句子要部分倒裝，根據(jù)語意可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，因此選A項(xiàng)。

　　3.Not until he left his home ______

　　to know how important the family was for him.

　　A did he begin

　　B had he begun

　　C he began

　　D he had begun

　　考查倒裝句。句意：直到離開家，他才開始意識到這個(gè)家對他來說是何等的重要。：not until引導(dǎo)的從句置于句首時(shí)，主句需用部分倒裝。主從句的動(dòng)作基本同時(shí)發(fā)生，故用一般過去時(shí)。

　　省略句

　　考點(diǎn) 省略句的幾個(gè)考察要點(diǎn)

　　考點(diǎn)省略句的幾個(gè)考查要點(diǎn)英語中，有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)，往往省去一個(gè)詞或一些成分，

　　這種語法現(xiàn)象稱為省略。主要考查點(diǎn)有：

　　1．簡單句的省略。

　　祈使句省略主語you；某些句子結(jié)構(gòu)省略謂語；部分問句同時(shí)省略主謂語；疑問句的答語省略；感嘆句的省略；年齡和鐘點(diǎn)的省略等。如：

　　2．比較結(jié)構(gòu)的省略。

　　在”the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以省略be；由than和as引導(dǎo)的比較句式中的省略。如：

　　①The sooner(you do it)，the better(it will be)．(你做得)越快，(結(jié)果就會(huì))越好。

　　②The longer the wire(is)，the greater the resistance(is)．導(dǎo)線越長，電阻就越大。

　　3．主從復(fù)合句中的省略。

　　(1)賓語從句中，連詞that常省略，但當(dāng)多個(gè)賓語從句并列時(shí)，只能省略第一個(gè)。如：

　　①If so(=If it is so)，you must go back and bring it here．如果是這樣的話，你必須回去把它拿來。

　　②Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street．過街時(shí)當(dāng)心車輛。

　　(3)定語從句的省略。作賓語的關(guān)系代詞的省略或省略到用分詞作定語。如：

　　The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen．他父親作為生日禮物送給他的那輛汽車被盜了。

　　(4)在含有were，had，should的虛擬條件句中if的省略。在這種情況下若if省略，常將were，had，should等提到句首，主謂部分倒裝。如：

　　Were I a bird，I could fly．如果我是一只鳥，我就能飛。

　　考例：1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______

　　accompanied by an adult.

　　A. once

　　B. when

　　C. if

　　D. unless

　　【答案】 D

　　【解析】考查省略的狀語從句的連接詞。句意應(yīng)為“學(xué)校規(guī)章規(guī)定：除非有成年人陪同，否則孩子們在校期間不能出學(xué)校。”表示“除非”用unless。該句式構(gòu)成了“連詞+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　2.though ______

　　to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。

　　A.

　　surprise

　　B was surprised

　　C.

　　surprised

　　D. being surprised

　　4．not，so，neither，nor的替代性省略。動(dòng)詞believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，suppose，think等和I’m afraid后面可用替代詞so或not來避免重復(fù)前面提到的內(nèi)容。表示肯定意義時(shí)，以上動(dòng)詞都可與so搭配；但表示否定意義時(shí)，hope與guess只用I hope not和I guess not的形式，而think，believe，suppose等詞可有兩種形式，即：I think not和

　　I don’t think so。如：

　　Do they mind you smoking there?你在那兒抽煙，他們介意嗎?

　　I don’t think so/I think not．我想不會(huì)。

　　【三年高考】

　　1、1高考試題及其解析

　　201年高考試題

　　1.【2024·江蘇】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.

　　A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged

　　C. did they encourage D. they encouraged

　　.【2024·天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.

　　A. who

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. that

　　【2024·上海】(B)

　　But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm.

　　201年高考試題

　　1.【2024·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.

　　A. to keep

　　B. to have kept

　　C．keep

　　D．have kept

　　2.【2024·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.

　　A. she realized

　　B. has she realized

　　C. she has realized

　　D. did she realize

　　3.【2024·湖南】23.Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.

　　A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered

　　4.【2024·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

　　A. which B. that C. where D. how

　　5.【2024·重慶】9.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.

　　A. while

　　B. though

　　C. that

　　D. after

　　2024年高考試題

　　26. ______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.

　　A. Not do only

　　B. Do not only

　　C.Only not do D. Not only do

　　2.【2024·天津卷】15. ________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

　　A. Did he catch

　　B. should be catch

　　C. has he caught

　　D. Had he caught

　　3.【2024·天津卷】1. Give me a chance, ________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.

　　if

　　B. or

　　C. and

　　D. while

　　4.【2024·四川卷】3. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?