【高考調研】2024屆高三英語一輪復習（外研版）課時規范訓練35（含解析）

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　　課時規范訓練(單獨成冊)

　　訓練(三十五)

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共兩節)

　　第一節　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。

　　British MPs (國會議員) have voted in favour of the creation of babies with DNA from two women and one man，in a historic move.The UK is now set to become the first country to introduce laws to allow the creation of babies from three people.In a free vote in the Commons,382 MPs were in favour and 128 against the technique that stops genetic diseases being passed from mother to child.During the debate，ministers said the technique was “light at the end of a dark tunnel” for families.

　　A further vote is required in the House of Lords.If everything goes ahead then the first such baby could be born next year.Supporters said it was “good news for progressive medicine” but critics say they will continue to fight against the technique that they say raises too many ethical (倫理的) and safety concerns.Estimates suggest 150 three-person babies could be born each year.

　　Prime Minister David Cameron said，“We’re not playing god here；we’re just making sure that two parents who want a healthy baby can have one.” The method，which was developed in Newcastle，should help women like Sharon Bernadi，from Sunderland，who lost all seven of her children to mitochondrial (線粒體的) disease.Ms Bernadi said she was “overwhelmed” by the decision.

　　Mitochondria are the tiny compartments (隔間) inside nearly every cell of the body that transform food into useable energy.They have their own DNA，which does not affect characteristics such as appearance.Defective mitochondria are passed down only from the mother.They can lead to brain damage，muscle wasting，heart failure and blindness.The technique uses a modified version to combine the DNA of the two parents with the healthy mitochondria of a donor woman.It results in babies with 0.1% of their DNA from the second woman and is a permanent change that would be passed down through the generations.

　　學習網高中學習網 www.gkxx.com【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文。英國國會通過了關于從二女一男身上提取DNA來創造嬰兒的議案。英國成為了世界上首個立法允許利用三人的基因完成試管嬰兒的國家。

　　1．According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．The new technique is intended to provide the parents a healthy baby.

　　B．The mitochondrial disease can lead to various fatal illnesses.

　　C．Britain is the first country to have created three-person babies.

　　D．All of Ms Bernadi’s children died of a genetic disease.

　　解析：選C。判斷正誤題。根據第一段中的“The UK is now set to become the first country to introduce laws to allow the creation of babies from three people.”(英國成為了第一個立法允許用三人的基因完成試管嬰兒的國家)可知C項錯誤。

　　2．The underlined word “defective” is closest to the meaning of

　　A．strangely-madeB．normally developed

　　C．functioning perfectly D．not functioning properly

　　解析：選D。詞義猜測題。defective“有缺陷的，不能完全適應變化的”；strangely-made“制造得很奇怪的”；normally developed“正常發展的”；functioning perfectly“完美運轉的”；

　　not functioning properly“運行不正常的”。故答案為D。

　　3．It can be inferred from the passage that

　　gkxx.comA．Mitochondria are inside nearly every cell that change food into useable energy

　　初中學習網B．DNA of Mitochondria can affect a person’s appearance

　　C．in medical science ethical factors should be taken into consideration

　　D．the donor woman’s DNA will not be found in the three-person baby

　　解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“but critics say they will continue to fight against the technique that they say raises too many ethical (倫理的) and safety concerns.”(……但是反對者說他們將繼續反對這項技術，為此他們提出了很多倫理和安全方面的擔心。)可知，這項技術在倫理和安全方面存在一定的缺陷。故答案為C。

　　4．Prime Minister David Cameron

　　the creation of such babies.

　　A．is in favour of B．throws doubt on

　　C．objects to D．is indifferent to

　　解析：選A。細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Prime Minister David Cameron said，‘We’re not playing god here；we’re just making sure that two parents who want a healthy baby can have one.’”(首相卡梅隆說：我們并不是在挑戰上帝，只是希望那些想要一個健康的孩子的夫妻能夠如愿。)可知，卡梅隆是支持這個議案的。故答案為A。

　　第二節　根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　Many people think that they have to accept whatever life throws at them.They’ll say，“This is my fate.I cannot change it.”

　　1．

　　You don’t have to suffer needlessly.Your fate depends on you，not on any other outside factors.

　　We want to be happy and live our life to the fullest，but we have to do our share of making the effort to live the life of our dreams.2.

　　You just don’ t sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky.You have to get off the couch，get your eyes off the TV screen，get your hands off the phone (unless it contributes to your success)，and get your mind and body to work.

　　gkxx.comIf your life is not meant the way you want it to be，don’t just say：“Our time will come.”or 3.

　　”Don’ t expect your luck to change，unless you do something about it.If something goes wrong，don’ t just regard it as a temporary setback；but use it as feedback.Learn your lesson，make the most of the situation，and do something to solve the problem.It’ s not enough to think positive；you also have to act positive.

　　If someone’ s life is in trouble，do you just hope and pray that things will turn out fine？Of course not！4.

　　So it is with your own life.It is not enough to hope for the best，but you have to DO your best.In other words，don’t just stand (or sit) there.5.

　　A．I think so.

　　B．Of course not.

　　C．You’d better let it be.

　　D．Things will get better someday.

　　E．Do something to improve your life.

　　F．Remember that you harvest what you sow.

　　G．You’ve got to do anything you can to save the person.

　　【解題導語】　本文是一篇哲理類短文。在遇到生命中的挫折和失敗時，很多人都會認為這就是命運，不會采取任何措施，但這難道是正確的做法嗎？不！每個人都應該拼盡全力地為自己的目標奮斗，并幫助別人戰勝挫折。

　　1．解析：選B。前句說到作者發現很多人在遭遇挫折后，會認為是命運使然；但后句You don’t have to suffer needlessly.“你并不需要承受這些。”可知此處是否定前句的內容。故選B。

　　2．解析：選F。前句．..but we have to do our share of making the effort to live the life，of our dreams.“……但是我們必須盡全力實現我們的夢想。”故選F“請記住有所付出才會有所回報”。

　　3．解析：選D。根據句意可知，此處的內容與Our time will come.是并列關系，故句意應該是相同的。Our time will come.“我們的機會就來了。”故選D“未來的某一天，事情都會好的。”

　　4．解析：選G。前句句意：“如果有的人生活陷入了麻煩，你所做的是否僅僅是祈禱或是希望事情能好轉？當然不是這樣的！G選項提出了正確的解決方法，并起到了承上啟下的作用。故選G。

　　5．解析：選E。前句句意：“僅僅祈禱當然是不夠的，但是你應該盡自己的全力去給予幫助。換言之，不要僅僅是站或坐在那兒。故選E“號召大家行動起來改善生活”。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項。

　　(2024·山東鄒城市一中高三模擬)In the past，people usually believed what newly-born babies wanted was food and to be kept warm and dry.They thought babies were not able to

　　things until they were five or six months old.

　　the researchers in the United States now believe babies begin learning on their first

　　of life.They say babies are strongly

　　by their environment and one baby will

　　if his or her mother does something that the baby likes.

　　A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to

　　her mother.This is how babies start to learn to

　　and communicate with other people.The researchers say this ability to learn

　　in a baby even before birth.They also

　　the idea that newly-born babies can

　　and understand sounds they heard while they were still

　　inside their mothers.

　　Recently，an American study

　　112 babies found babies learned better when they were

　　.The babies appeared to learn well whether they were sitting up on their own，sitting in seats or

　　to sit up.The researchers say keeping that kind

　　had what they called a

　　effect on the babies’ ability to learn about objects.They say the body position may be linked to development in the

　　.One

　　says babies can pay more attention to

　　an object if they do not have to be

　　about their balance.

　　【解題導語】　以前人們認為嬰兒要到五六個月大的時候才開始學習事物，但是最新的研究表明嬰兒從一出生就開始了學習過程，甚至在他們還沒有出生的時候就開始了。

　　1．A.eat

　　B．know

　　C．remember D．learn

　　解析：選D。考查動詞。eat“吃”；know“知道”；remember“記得”；learn“學習”。通過下文的“the researchers in the United States now believe babies begin learning”可知，此處選擇D。句意：他們原以為嬰兒要到五六個月時才會學習。

　　2．A.Besides

　　B．While

　　C．But

　　D．Therefore

　　解析：選C。考查連詞。besides“除此之外”；while“雖然，然而，當……時”；but“但是”；therefore“因此”。通過上下文內容可知，此處存在轉折關系。故選C。

　　3．A.hour

　　B．day

　　C．week

　　D．month

　　解析：選B。考查名詞。hour“小時”；day“天，日子”；week“周”；month“月”。根據句意，選B，意為“出生第一天”。

　　4．A.influenced

　　B．accepted

　　C．disturbed

　　D．moved

　　解析：選A。考查動詞。influence“影響”；accept“接受”；disturb“分發”；move“移動，感動”。根據下文的“if his or her mother does something that the baby likes”可知，嬰兒也會被環境所影響。故選A。

　　5．A.cry

　　B．smile

　　C．eat

　　D．sing

　　解析：選B。考查動詞。cry“哭”；smile“笑”；eat“吃”；sing“唱歌”。根據下文說媽媽做了他所喜歡的事情，那么根據常理，應該是笑了。故選B。

　　6．A.annoy

　　B．love

　　C．notice

　　D．please

　　解析：選D。考查動詞。annoy“使……生氣”；love“愛”；notice“注意”；please“取悅，使高興”。根據上文的笑可知，嬰兒笑是想去取悅母親以得到最好的照顧。故選D。

　　7．A.live

　　B．connect

　　C．speak

　　D．smile

　　解析：選B。考查動詞。live“生活”；connect“聯系”；speak“說”；smile“笑”。根據下文的“communicate with other people”可知，這里談的是與人交流，故選B，意為“和他人聯系”。

　　8．A.disappears

　　B．informs

　　C．exists

　　D．happens

　　解析：選C。考查動詞。disappear“消失”；inform“通知”；exist“存在”；happen“發生”。根據下文的“even before birth”可知，此處指的是在出生前這種能力就存在。故選C。

　　9．A.infer

　　B．support

　　C．deny

　　D．instruct

　　解析：選B。考查動詞。infer“得知”；support“支持”；deny“否認”；instruct“指導”。根據上文可知，專家認為學習的能力在出生前就存在，故下面的觀點也是他們所贊同的，故選B，意為“他們也支持這樣的觀點……”。

　　10．A.recognize

　　B．realize

　　C．receive

　　D．record

　　解析：選A。考查動詞。recognize“辨別”；realize“明白，意識”；receive“收到”；record“記錄”。根據上文可知，嬰兒在出生前就有學習能力。故選A，指在母體內孩子就能辨別聲音。

　　11．A.sleeping

　　B．delivering

　　C．shaping

　　D．developing

　　解析：選D。考查動詞。sleep“睡覺”；deliver“送達，演講，生育”；shape“形成”；develop“發展，發育”。根據常理，未出生時孩子在母體內發育生長。故選D。

　　12．A.helping

　　B．raising

　　C．involving

　　D．containing

　　解析：選C。考查動詞。help“幫助”；raise“撫養，提高等”；involve“包含，包括”；contain“包含，容納”。根據句意，選C，意為“美國一項包含112名嬰兒的研究發現……”。

　　13．A.sleeping soundly

　　B．lying down

　　C．awaking clearly

　　D．sitting up

　　解析：選D。考查動詞詞組。sleep soundly“睡得香”；lie down“躺下”；awake clearly“清醒”；sit up“坐著”。根據下文的“The babies appeared to learn well whether they were sitting up on their own，sitting in seats”可知，這都是坐著的姿勢。故選D。

　　14．A.assisted

　　B．forced

　　C．asked

　　D．mentioned

　　解析：選A。考查動詞。assist“協助”；force“強迫”；ask“要求”；mention“提及”。根據上文的“sitting up on their own，sitting in seats”可知，這里指的是坐著這個姿勢，從獨立坐到坐在椅子里。故選A，意為“協助嬰兒站立”。

　　15．A.hobby

　　B．gesture

　　C．decoration

　　D．purpose

　　解析：選B。考查名詞。hobby“愛好”；gesture“姿勢”；decoration“裝修，裝飾”；purpose“目的，意圖”。根據上文可知嬰兒坐著學得更好，而坐是一種姿勢。故選B。