2024屆河北省衡水名校高考英語一輪復習專題撬分練：專題3 介詞、介詞短語和動詞短語（含解析）
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A.單句填空(每小題1.5分，共15分，限時7分鐘)
1．[2024·衡水二中一輪檢測]I waved to Nancy, but she was ________(absorb) in her thoughts, and made no response.
答案 absorbed [句意：我跟南希揮手致意，但是她在沉思，沒有作出回應。考查be absorbed in，意為“專心于，全神貫注于”，故應填absorbed。]
2．[2024·冀州中學熱身]He tried to join the army but was ________(reject) because of poor health, which made him depressed.
答案 rejected [句意：他試圖去參軍，但是因為身體不夠健康被拒絕了，這讓他很郁悶。reject 意為“拒絕”。根據句意可知填rejected。]
3．[2024·棗強中學周測]I knew I had heard this song before but its name ________(escape)me.
答案 escaped [句意：我知道我以前聽過這首歌，但我就是想不起來它的名字。the name escape sb.表示“某人記不起那個名字”，故填escaped。]
4．[2024·武邑中學模擬]A well-written English composition call________good choice of words and clear organization.
答案 for [句意：一篇好的英語作文需要選詞優美、結構清晰。call for意為“需要”，符合句意。故填for。]
5．[2024·衡水中學周測]Because of this urgent operation, Dr Blair had to set ________his research and hurried to the hospital.
答案 aside [句意：因為這個緊急的手術，Blair醫生不得不把他的研究放在一邊，匆匆忙忙地去了醫院。set aside意為“把……放到一旁”。根據句意應填aside。]
6．[2024·武邑中學周測]According to Darwin's Survival of the Fittest, only those species that were able to adapt ________the sudden great changes of their living conditions survived.
答案 to [句意：按照達爾文的適者生存理論，只有那些能夠適應突然變化的生存條件的物種才能存活下來。adapt to意為“適應”，故應填to。]
7．[2024·棗強中學猜題]The early pioneers had to go ________many hardships to settle on the new land.
答案 through [句意：早期的先驅們得經歷許多艱難困苦才能在新土地上定居下來。go through意為“經歷”，符合句意。故此處應填through。]
8．[2024·武邑中學期中]Experts have a guess that the nudging was mistaken by the owners ________ knocking.
答案 for [句意：專家們猜想主人常常把推門誤認為是在敲門。mistake...for...意為“把……誤作……”，為固定搭配。]
9．[2024·冀州中學猜題]I am familiar ________ most popular kinds of software.
答案 with [句意：我對大部分流行的軟件都很熟悉。be familiar with意為“對……熟悉”，為固定短語。]
10．[2024·衡水中學模擬]________ my opinion, the best choice is a good major at a good university.
答案 In [句意：在我看來，最好的選擇是一所好的大學里的好的專業。in one's opinion“以某人的觀點”，為固定短語。]
B．單句改錯(每小題1分，共5分，限時3分鐘)
1．[2024·棗強中學預測]Affected by the financial crisis, my family has to cut
off the living expenses.
________________________________________________________
答案 off→down [句意：受金融危機的影響，我家得削減生活開支。cut down意為“削減；砍倒”，符合句意。故把off改為down。]
2．[2024·武邑中學一輪檢測]—Peter won the first prize in the national Chinese competition.
—Oh, really? I'm glad that his effort at last paid for.
________________________________________________________
答案 for→off [句意：——彼得在全國漢語比賽中獲得了一等獎?！?，真的嗎？我很高興他的努力最終有了回報。pay off 意為“得到好結果；取得成功”。故把for改為off。]
3．[2024·衡水中學熱身]The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to make it from.
________________________________________________________
答案 from→out [句意：這個想法令我如此迷惑，我停下幾秒鐘想去弄明白它。make out意為“弄清楚；分清；明白”。故把from改為out。]
4．[2024·棗強中學熱身]Some chopsticks are decorated in coloured pictures.
________________________________________________________
答案 in→with [句意：一些筷子上用彩色的畫裝修。decorate...with...意為“用……裝飾……”，本句使用的是被動語態形式。故把in改為with。]
5．[2024·衡水中學一輪檢測]Beijing lies on North China and enjoys a splendid terrain(地勢) and location in China.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→in [句意：北京位于中國的北部，擁有極好的地勢和地理位置。lie in意為“位于……”， 為固定搭配。故把on改為in。]
能力組A.單句填空(每小題1.5分，共15分，限時7分鐘)
1．[2024·冀州中學模擬]The shelter is expected to help the homeless live ________ the bitter winter.
答案 through [句意：這個避難所期望能幫助那些無家可歸的人度過寒冷的冬天。live through意為“度過”。]
2．[2024·衡水二中周測]The water supply has been cut ________ temporarily because the workers are repairing the broken pipes.
答案 off [句意：水供應被切斷了。cut off意為“切斷電源、水源、煤氣等”。]
3．[2024·棗強中學仿真]For several days they had been busy ________ preparing for this.
答案 in [“忙于做某事”應用be busy (in) doing或be busy with sth.，后面是doing形式，故填in。]
4．[2024·衡水二中月考]I can put ________ with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
答案 up [句意：我可以忍受房間不整齊，但我討厭它不干凈。put up with意為“忍受”，故填up。]
5．[2024·武邑中學熱身]I'm sorry for cutting ________， but I have an urgent and important thing to talk to you.
答案 in [句意：抱歉，我要打斷一下你，我有一件要緊的事要和你談。cut in意為“打斷，插嘴”。]
6．[2024·衡水二中期中]—Susan looks so sad. What's wrong with her?
—A letter from home set ________ an attack of homesickness.
答案 off [句意：——蘇珊看上去很悲傷，她怎么了？——一封家書突然引起了她的思鄉之情。set off意為“引發，激起，引起”。]
7．[2024·棗強中學模擬]The human mind can carry ________ many tasks that other animals cannot, like using language and judging what other people are thinking.
答案 out [句意：人類大腦可以完成很多其他動物不能完成的任務，如：使用語言，判斷其他人在想什么。carry out意為“執行，完成”。]
8．[2024·衡水二中期末]I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut ________ and knocked me down.
答案 in [句意：我正在沿著大街騎車，突然一輛小汽車強行超車，將我撞倒了。cut in意為“插嘴，打斷，超車搶道”。]
9．[2024·武邑中學猜題]New computers are soon out of date since newer models are turned ________ constantly.
答案 out [句意：由于更加新型的電腦不斷地被生產，新電腦很快就過時了。turn out為及物動詞短語，意為“生產，制造”。]
10．[2024·冀州中學仿真]—John can't concentrate on his studies recently.
—Yes, that might account ________ why he did so badly in the last exam.
答案 for [句意：——約翰最近不能集中精力學習。——是的，那可能就是為什么他上次考試考得很差的原因。account for意為“是……的原因”。]
B．單句改錯(每小題1分，共5分，限時3分鐘)
1．[2024·武邑中學預測]To help children become independent, parents should guide children to figure off how to solve problems on their won.
________________________________________________________
答案 off→out [句意：為了幫助孩子們變得獨立，父母應該指導孩子們找出如何自己解決問題的辦法。figure out意為“找出”，故把off改為out。]
2．[2024·衡水二中模擬]When it comes up choosing your future career, what kind of things will you take into consideration?
________________________________________________________
答案 up→to [句意：當談到將來的職業選擇時，你會把哪些因素考慮在內呢？when it comes to sth.意為“當涉及/談到……時”，為固定句型。故把up改為to。]
3．[2024·棗強中學期末]The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and accused him with speeding.
________________________________________________________
答案 with→of [句意：當他開車回家時警察攔住了他，指控他超速駕駛。accuse sb. of sth.意為“指控某人某事”，為固定句式。故把with改為of。]
4．[2024·衡水二中仿真]My brother likes eating very much but he isn't very particular with the food he eats.
________________________________________________________
答案 with→about [句意：我弟弟很喜歡吃東西，但他對食物并不挑剔。be particular about...意為“對……挑剔”，為固定短語。故把with改為about。]
5．[2024·武邑中學模擬]The company has launched several types of cars this year, and one on particular appeals to the young.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→in [句意：這家公司今年推出了幾款汽車，其中有一款尤其吸引年輕人。in particular意為“尤其”，為固定搭配。故把on改為in。]
強化組A.語篇型語法填空(每空1.5分，共15分，限時10分鐘)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。
[2024·棗強中學一輪檢測]There were only a few days left before Christmas. I was __1__ (extreme) anxious for my shopping, trying to make sure everyone got __2__ they wanted.
I had to shop for 3 kids, so it was not cheap. I thought the bill added up to about 300 dollars. However, when I went to pay, my credit card was refused. I was __3__ (shock). I began to call my bank while the line behind me got __4__ (long). The bank said they had fixed my card so I tried again. Refused again! I was embarrassed and __5__ (anger). I had money but couldn't buy Christmas gifts. The __6__ (thing) I chose were already in short supply and in demand. The man right behind me was very kind, laughing and joking about all __7__ other angry customers. I apologized and said I wanted to try my card once more. But __8__ I could, he used his.
My ENTIRE Christmas __9__ (be) paid for!
I told him I couldn't accept that, but he insisted. I told him I would pay him back, but he refused __10__ (give) me his name. After I finally started crying and thanking him, he said, “Tell your kids Santa says Merry Christmas and be good.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
本文是一篇記敘文。作者到商店給孩子們購買圣誕禮物，結賬時信用卡出了問題。在兩次嘗試失敗后，排隊等待的人們越來越生氣。就在作者尷尬萬分的時候，一個善良的陌生男子用他的信用卡幫作者付了賬，而且不讓作者還款。1.extremely [考查詞性轉換。句意：我對購物極其焦慮……。形容詞anxious需要用副詞來修飾，extremely意為“極度，極其”。]
2．what [考查賓語從句。句意：……要確保每個人都得到他們想要的東西。空后賓語從句的謂語動詞wanted后缺少賓語，故填指物的疑問代詞what。]
3．shocked [考查詞性轉換。句意：我很吃驚。該句主語為指人的代詞I，故填shocked，意為“感到驚訝的”。]
4．longer [考查形容詞比較級。句意：我開始打電話給銀行，與此同時我身后的隊伍變得越來越長。此處暗含前后狀態的對比，故填longer。]
5．angry [考查詞性轉換。句意：我又尷尬，又生氣。并列連詞and前的embarrassed為形容詞，故此處用anger的形容詞形式。]
6．things [考查主謂一致。句意：我選好的東西已經是供應短缺，或供不應求了。根據該句的謂語動詞were可知此處應填復數形式。]
7．the [考查冠詞。句意：在我后面的男士非常友好，嘻嘻哈哈拿其他所有生氣的顧客開玩笑。此處考查“all the＋n.(pl.)”的結構，此外，“the other＋n.(pl.)”表示剩余的全部。]
8．before [考查時間狀語從句。句意：但是我還沒來得及(嘗試)，他就刷了他的卡。兩個單句間需要連詞連接。根據句意此處需要填時間狀語從句的引導詞before，意為“在……之前；還沒來得及……”。]
9．was [考查動詞時態和主謂一致。句意：我的整個圣誕節由別人付賬了！主語為Christmas，該動作發生在過去，故填was。]
10．to give [考查固定短語。句意：……但是他拒絕告訴我他的名字。refuse to do sth.意為“拒絕做某事”，為固定搭配。]
B．語篇型短文改錯(每處錯誤1分，共10分，限時8分鐘)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處錯誤。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下面畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
[2024·衡水中學周測]It was a year ago when Joshua got a bike for Christmas, but he rode it every day. One morning, he suddenly found the bike gone. Ran to his front yard, he saw a man loading it into his car. He shouted, but the man drive off. As a devoted Christian, he told his dad he real forgave the thief. What's more, he wanted the thief know he was forgiven. So the next day, he posted the message on a posterboard and put it in the front yard. “To the person who stole my bike: You hurt my feeling. But I am a Christian and I forgive him！” When he left for home the next morning, at the end of the driveway, the bike was back with new brakes.
答案
It was a year ago
Joshua got a bike for Christmas,
he rode it every day. One morning, he suddenly found the bike gone.
to his front yard, he saw a man loading it into his car. He shouted, but the man
off. As a devoted Christian, he told his dad he
forgave the thief. What's more, he wanted the thief know he was forgiven. So the next day, he posted
message on a posterboard and put it in the front yard. “To the person who stole my bike: You hurt my . But I am a Christian and I forgive ！” When he left
