2024屆高考英語(北師大版)一輪復(fù)習(xí)綜合訓(xùn)練(課件):Module 5 Unit 15 Learning
3.虛擬語氣在as if/as though 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中的應(yīng)用
(謂語動(dòng)詞形式與wish后的賓語從句基本相同)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)
相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑,謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式。例如:He
felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened.
表示過去想象中的動(dòng)作或情況,謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成式?,F(xiàn)在
或?qū)?,用過去完成式表示與過去事實(shí)相反,例如:I would
rather he went right now.
4.在if only 引起的感嘆句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式
或過去完成式。例如: Look at the terrible situation I am
in!If only I had followed your advice.
虛擬語氣是一種動(dòng)詞形式,表示說話人的一種愿望,假設(shè),懷
疑,猜測(cè), 建議等含義,虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存
在的事實(shí)。
語法專練 1.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he
________ it differently.
A.could express
B.would express
C.could have expressed
D.must have expressed
解析:句意:他不后悔說他做了什么,但是他覺得本可以用
其他方式表達(dá)。和過去相反,故用could have done。
答案:C 2.The doctor recommended that you ________ swim after
eating a large meal.
A.wouldn’t
B.couldn’t
C.needn’t
D.shouldn’t
解析:句意:醫(yī)生建議你不要在吃飽后去游泳。Recommend
后加從句謂語動(dòng)詞用should do。
答案:D
3.This printer is of good quality.If it ________ break
down within the first year,we would repair it at our
expense.
A.Would
B.Should
C.Could
D.might
解析:句意:這種打印機(jī)質(zhì)量非常好,如果一年內(nèi)出現(xiàn)問
題,免費(fèi)修理。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是對(duì)將來的虛擬,故選B。
答案:B 4.The teacher demanded that the exam __________
before eleven.
A.must finish
B.would be finished
C.be finished
D.must be finished
解析:句意:老師要求11點(diǎn)以前結(jié)束考試。demand后的賓
語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用should do。
答案:C 5.She made the demand that the journalists ________
at once ________ Iraq.
A.leave;for
B.leave;to
C.left;to
D.to be left;for
解析:句意:她要求記者立即趕往伊拉克。本句是一個(gè)同
位語從句,demand后的同位語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用should
do。
答案:A 6.He is talking so much about America as if he ________
there.
A.had been
B.has been
C.was
D.has gone
解析:句意:他談起美國(guó),好像他去過一樣。本題考查as if引
導(dǎo)的從句中的虛擬語氣,和過去事實(shí)相反,故選A。
答案:A 7.The young man insisted that he ________ nothing wrong
and ________ free.
A.did;set
B.had done;should be set
C.should do;be set
D.had done;must be set
解析:句意:年輕人堅(jiān)持說他沒做錯(cuò),應(yīng)該被釋放。第一空表
示堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,用陳述語氣,第二空表示應(yīng)該,用虛擬語氣,故
選B。
答案:B 8.I suggested there ________ be a kind of language
________ all could understand and use.
A.can;it
B./;/
C.would;it
D.may;/
解析:我建議應(yīng)該有一種語言,全世界都可以理解和使用。
suggest后的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,第二空是定語從句,從
句中缺少賓語,故選B。
答案:B 9.The suggestion has been made ________ the
basketball game ________ put off.
A.for;to
B.that;be
C.which;should be
D.to;being
解析:句意:有人建議籃球比賽應(yīng)該取消。第一空用
that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,suggestion后的同位語從句謂語
動(dòng)詞用should do。
答案:B
10.The order came that the medical supplies ________ to
Beijing for the SARS soon.
A.would be sent
B.should send
C.be sent
D.must be sent
解析:句意:命令傳來說,醫(yī)療供應(yīng)應(yīng)馬上送往北京應(yīng)對(duì)
SARS。order 后的同位語從句應(yīng)用should do。
答案:C 11.But for the help of my English teacher,I
________ the first prize in the English Writing
Competition.
(2009·福建, 35)
A.would not win
B.would not have won
C.would win
D.would have won
解析:句意:要沒有英語老師的幫助,我不會(huì)在英語寫
作比賽中獲第一名。本題考查虛擬語氣,根據(jù)句意,主
句應(yīng)該使用否定式,而本句是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。
答案:B 1.________ you go to Miss Liu’s,explain for me to her
why I was late that day.
A.Can
B.May
C.Would
D.Should
解析:逗號(hào)前的部分是If you should go to Miss Liu’s的
倒裝形式。在表示可能與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬假設(shè)時(shí),常用
“If+主語+should/were to+其他部分”句型。此時(shí),可以
將if省略,把should/were置于主語之前,采用部分倒裝。
答案:D 2.—Time flies.Seven days have passed.I want to go back
to my hometown.
—Yeah!How fast time runs!But take your time;I’d
rather you ________ here a little longer.
A.had stayed
B.a(chǎn)re staying
C.should stay
D.stayed
解析:考查虛擬語氣。would rather后跟從句時(shí),從句要用
一般過去時(shí)來表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作,故選D項(xiàng)。
答案:D 3.—It has become a nationwide requirement that every
student ________ have daily exercise for one hour.
—Yeah.It is high time that we ________ special attention
to physical exercise.
A.must;should pay
B.should;paid
C.will;shall pay
D.need;pay
解析:考查虛擬語氣和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。主句中有requirement,賓
語從句的謂語部分應(yīng)用(should+)動(dòng)詞原形,故第一空填
should;第二空所在句式為It is(about/high)time+從
句,從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。
答案:B 4.—Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian have finished their season in
NBA this year.
—Yes.They ________ better but for the injuries.
A.could have done
B.can do
C.couldn’t have done
D.can’t do
解析:考查虛擬語氣。句意:要不是受傷的話,他們可能會(huì)
打得更好。由前句“已經(jīng)打完了”確定,此處表示與過去事實(shí)
相反,主句中應(yīng)用could have done。
答案:A
拓展提升:在虛擬語氣中,有些句子不帶if條件句,而是通
過某些詞、短語或上下文暗示與事實(shí)相反的情況,這種句子
叫做含蓄條件句。常見的這樣的詞和短語有:but for(要不
是),without(沒有),otherwise/or(否則)等。這類句子的
謂語要按照帶有if條件句的主句的虛擬用法處理。 5.If only he ________ himself and explained who he was,
then,of course I should have given him proper service.
A.had introduced
B.introduced
C.has introduced
D.have introduced
解析:考查虛擬語氣。if only后的從句用虛擬語氣,從后面
主句用should have given可知,句子表示的是與過去事實(shí)相
反的假設(shè),故從句用過去完成時(shí)。
答案:A 【例1】 The system has been designed to give students quick
and easy ________ to the digital resources of the
library.
(2009·浙江,6)
A.Access
B.Passage
C.way
D.a(chǎn)pproach
【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 考查名詞辨析。語意:新設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)能夠讓
學(xué)生便捷、容易地搜索到圖書館的電子資源。這里give...access
to...是固定詞組,表示“能得到,能進(jìn)入”,所以選A。
答案:A
教材原文對(duì)照
The thing about being a teacher is that you have access
to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.
(p40)
【例2】 Last night Mr.Crook didn’t come back at the usual
time.________,he met some friends and stayed out
until midnight.
(2008·湖南,25)
A.Meanwhile
B.However
C.Instead
D.Yet
【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 選項(xiàng)A意為“同時(shí),其間”,表示對(duì)比;選項(xiàng)
B意為“然而”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折;選項(xiàng)C意為“相反,反而,卻”,表
示對(duì)比;選項(xiàng)D意為“然而”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折。根據(jù)句意可知選C。
答案:C 教材原文對(duì)照
Instead,they learn how to play with other children in preparation for school.
(p46) 【例3】 The children all turned ________ the famous
actress as she entered the classroom.(2009·全國(guó)Ⅰ,30)
A.looked at
B.to look at
C.to looking at
D.look at 【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。語意:當(dāng)那個(gè)著名的女演員進(jìn)教室時(shí),孩子們都轉(zhuǎn)身去看她。動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語表示目的。 答案:B
教材原文對(duì)照
Ten months later,Sir Gawain went off to find the Green Knight.
(P51) 例4:She heard a terrible noise,________ brought her heart into her mouth. A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that 析:答案為B。分析語境含義、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分可知,該句為非限制性定語從句,先行詞為a terrible noise,且它在從句中作主語。應(yīng)將該句區(qū)別于: I can’t stand the terrible noise ________ she is crying loudly. A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that 析:答案為D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的內(nèi)容,且the terrible noise不在從句中作成分,所以該句為同位語從句。 We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.(2009·重慶,31) A.that
B.when
C.Which
D.Where —Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.(2009·浙江,12) A.when
B.that
C.Whether
D.What News came from the school office ________ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.(2009·四川,7) A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where 即學(xué)即用 40 41 42 解析:以上三道題都考查同位語從句,并且同位語從句中也不缺少任何成分,故三道題都選that,分別是A,B,C。 答案:
A
B
C 40 41 42 5.Education is what remains when_we_have_forgotten_all we have been taught.教育就是那些當(dāng)我們完全忘記了所被教授的一切時(shí)所留下來的東西。 【精講拓展】 (1)when we have forgotten all是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句;we have been taught是定語從句修飾先行詞all,is后為what引導(dǎo)的表語從句,從句位于系動(dòng)詞后,所要填的詞指代物或事情,且從句缺主語、賓語或表語等,例如: 例:See the flags on top of the building?That was ________ we did this morning.(全國(guó)Ⅰ,23)
A.when
B.which
C.where
D.what 解析:此題從句位于系動(dòng)詞was后,因此考查表語從句。從句中缺did的賓語,所填的詞指“我們所做的事情,”所以答案為D。答案:D (2)特殊句式 A is/are to B what C is/are to D,意思是A對(duì)B之關(guān)系好比C對(duì)D之關(guān)系。 此句式中what引導(dǎo)表語從句,并且在從句中作表語。 例:Engines are to machines ________ hearts are to animals.(山東,23) A.a(chǎn)s
B.that
C.what
D.which 解析:此題結(jié)構(gòu)符合上面的特殊句式,what引導(dǎo)表語從句,在從句中作表語。 答案:C 即學(xué)即用 America was ________ was first called “India” by Columbus. A.what
B.where
C.the place
D.there where 解析:此題考查表語從句,并且從句中缺少主語,應(yīng)為a place that,故選A。 答案:A The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work. A.that
B.which
C.what
D.such 答案:C 44 43 6.And I wish they would decrease the size of classes—it’s
not easy doing lessons in laboratories with big groups...
我還希望他們能減少班級(jí)的人數(shù)——在實(shí)驗(yàn)室上課時(shí),小組人
數(shù)過多不太好操作……
【精講拓展】
wish后接賓語從句時(shí),從句要用虛擬語氣,表示與事實(shí)相反。
本句表示與將來相反,從句用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞
原形”。還可以表示和現(xiàn)在,過去相反。
(1)對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬(與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反):
從句用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式(時(shí)間上是同時(shí)的)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)
為:賓語從句的謂語be用were,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用過去式。例: I wish(that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道這個(gè)答案。(事實(shí)上是不知道) I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around. 但愿我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春。(事實(shí)上不可能) I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鳥。(事實(shí)上不可能) Now that he is in China,he wishes he understood Chinese. 現(xiàn)在他在中國(guó),他希望能懂得中文。(事實(shí)上并不懂) (2)對(duì)過去情況的虛擬(和過去的事實(shí)相反):