【人教課標版】高考英語一輪復習 精品語法(課件):專題6 正反解讀動詞和動詞短語
13. 以lay為中心
lay aside 把……放在一邊;留存備用
lay down
放下;規定
lay off
(暫時)解雇;停止
lay out
鋪開,展開 14. 以leave為中心
leave behind 留下,忘記攜帶; 超過;永久離開
leave out
省去,遺漏,不把……計算在內
leave off
停止;中斷
leave over
留下,剩下
leave alone
不干涉,不打擾 專題六 │ 正面解讀 15. 以look為中心
look about
四下環顧;查看
look after
照顧,看管
look around
東張西望
look back
回顧,回頭看
look back on/upon
回顧
look for
尋找;期待,期望
look down on/upon
俯視;輕視
look forward to
盼望,期待
look into
窺視;調查;瀏覽
look on/upon …as…
把……看作 專題六 │ 正面解讀
look out
向外看;注意;當心,提防
look out for
當心,尋找,搜尋
look through
透過……看去;看穿;瀏覽
look up
查閱;仰視
look up to
仰慕,尊敬
16. 以pick為中心
pick off
去除;選擇(目標)射擊
pick out
精心挑出,辨別出
pick up
接(某人),搭載;撿起;學會;(偶然)得到
專題六 │ 正面解讀 17. 以pull為中心
pull apart
拉開,分開
pull away
開動
pull down
拉下,拉倒;拆毀;使(價格)下降;使掃興
pull in
?。ㄜ嚧┑诌_
pull off
短暫停車;獲得成功
pull on
?。ù掖遥┐┥?,戴上
pull out
駛出,離開
pull through
克服困難;恢復
pull up
停止;訓斥 專題六 │ 正面解讀 18. 以put為中心
put aside
把……放在一邊;擱置;積蓄,攢錢
put away
把……放好,把……收拾;儲藏
put back
把……放回原處
put down
放下;鎮壓;記下
put an end to
結束,終止,廢除
put forward
提出;撥快;建議,推薦;提倡
put in
安裝;添上;打斷
put off
推遲,延期;消除;推脫,脫下
put on
上演;穿上;增加;開動 專題六 │ 正面解讀
put one's heart into
全神貫注,專心致志
put out
熄滅,伸出,拿出
put through
完成;(電話用語)撥通;使穿過
put up
舉起,掛起;提名,推薦;安排住宿
put up with
忍受,容忍
19. 以send為中心
send away
解雇;趕走,把……送往遠處
send for
派人去叫(請、拿)
send off
發出,寄出;郵購,函購
send out
發出,散發
send up
發射;使上升;取笑 專題六 │ 正面解讀 20. 以set為中心
set about (doing)
著手,開始
set an example to sb.
給某人樹立榜樣
set aside
留出;放在一邊;暫不考慮
set back
使推遲;使花費
set down
放下,卸下;登記,記載
set free
釋放(某人)
set off
出發;使爆炸;引起
set out
出發;發表;著手做某事
set up
建立,設立,開辦;引發,產生 專題六 │ 正面解讀 21. 以take為中心
take after
仿效,與……相似
take away
拿走,減去;消除
take back
收回,取消
take care of
當心,注意;照顧;提防;謹慎
take charge of
負責,主管
take down
取下;記下;拆毀; 拆掉,拆除
take in
留宿;欺騙;吸收;理解
take…into account/consideration
考慮,重視
take off
開始有成就(成名);脫掉(衣服等);
(飛機)起飛;起程
; (價格)打折; 請假,休息
take on
呈現;雇傭;承擔,擔任
take one's place
代替 專題六 │ 正面解讀
take out
拿出,取出;去除
take over
接管,接任;占上風
take part in
參與,參加
take place 發生;舉行
take pride in
以……為榮,對……感到驕傲
take up
拿起;從事 (某項活動); 繼續做
占用 (時間或空間);
take apart
把 (小型機器、鐘表等) 拆開、拆散;
(在體育運動或比賽中)輕易擊敗某人
* Our son doesn’t know what to ___________ at the university;he can’t make up his mind about his future. A.take in B.take up
C.take over D.take after
解析:選B。take in接受,吸收,理解,欺騙;take up從事,參加,占據,繼續;
take over接管;take after像。根據句意選B。 專題六 │ 正面解讀 專題六 │ 正面解讀
【活學活用】 (1) I'm sorry I was rude; I __________ (收回) everything I said.
(2) We find it difficult to ________ (理解) what he has taught. (3) The company decided to ________ (聘用) a new secretary.
(4) When the picture was ____________ (取下來), the wall looked very bare.
(5) Would you like me to _________ (接手) the driving for a while? (6)
Bill Gates is really a great man, whose career ___________ (大獲成功) in his early thirties. take back take in take on take down take over take off 專題六 │ 正面解讀 (7) England was really ____________ (徹底打敗) by Italy in last night's match.
I'll __________ (繼續講) the story where I finished yesterday.
(9) We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all ____________ (占據;占用) .
They decided to kick him upstairs and appoint a younger man to ______________ (取代他). Nowadays plastics ____________________ (取代了) many conventional materials.
My study of biology has ________ (占據;占用) much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. taken apart take up taken up take his place have taken the place of taken up 22. 以think為中心
think about 考慮
think of …as…
把……看作
think out
仔細考慮,想通
think over
仔細考慮
think through
想通;充分考慮
think up
想出;發明
think highly (well/a lot/a great deal/much…)of
對……評價很高
think poorly (little/badly/ill…) of 對……評價不高;輕視,看不起
sing high praise for
對……評價很高
speak highly of
對……評價很高
have a high opinion of
對……評價很高 專題六 │ 正面解讀 專題六 │ 正面解讀
【活學活用】 (1) We ____________________ (對……評價很高) their research in this field. (2) I ____________________________ (對……評價不高) her idea. We ________________________________ (高度評價) his contributions to his country.
*I can’t _____ his name at the moment. A. think over
B. think about
C. think
D. think of
think/speak highly of don't think much of/think little of sing high praise for/speak highly of 23. 以throw為中心
throw at把……投向
throw away
丟棄,浪費;錯失(機會)
throw oneself into
投身于,積極從事
throw out
逐出;否決;散發
throw up
嘔吐;使顯眼;匆匆建造 *Every day, people _____ a lot of rubbish.
A. give away
B. throw away
C. clean away
D. wash away
*What a pity! He ____________ the only chance of success.
A. gave in
B. put down
C. threw away
D. broke off
專題六 │ 正面解讀 24. 以turn為中心
turn away
把……打發走,轉臉不理睬
turn down
調?。获g回,拒絕考慮
turn off
關上;拐彎;使厭煩
turn on
打開;依靠,取決于;突然攻擊
turn out
出席;證明是;向外;出現
turn over
翻轉;轉動
turn round/around
旋轉,轉過身來
turn in
上交(=hand in)
turn to
轉向,求助于
turn upside down
顛倒過來,翻過來 *The mobile phone you lost yesterday has ______. A. turned in
B. turned out
C. turned to
D. turned up 專題六 │ 正面解讀 1. 【誤】
He is listening the teacher carefully.
【正】
He is listening carefully.
【正】
He is listening to the teacher carefully.
【解析】
學習實義動詞,一定要分清楚這個動詞屬于及物動詞還是不及物動詞,然后再根據不同的使用規則使用不同的動詞。
專題六 │ 反面解讀 反面解讀 2. 【誤】 The mixture is tasted terrible.
【正】 The mixture tastes terrible.
【解析】
連系動詞后接形容詞或相當于形容詞的結構作表語。除了少數幾個(如get, become, grow等)外,系動詞不用于進行時態和被動結構。 專題六 │ 反面解讀 3.After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ________ her job as a doctor in the countryside. A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up
【誤】 B
【正】 C
【解析】 對高頻短語take up的意思掌握不全面,不知道該短語除了表示“占用”之意外,還可以表示“開始從事……”。句意:簡在醫學院學了五年后,在鄉村從事醫生工作。
set out“出發, 開始”;
take over“接收, 接管”;
take up“拿起, 開始從事”;
set up“設立, 豎立”。 根據題意選C。 專題六 │ 反面解讀 1. [2010·全國卷Ⅰ] The workers __________ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”.
A.carried
B.delivered
C.pressed
D.packed
【解析】 D 考查動詞詞義辨析。
句意為:工人們把眼鏡打包,然后在每個箱子上貼上“此端朝上”。pack打包。 專題六 │ 實戰演練 實戰演練 2. [2010·遼寧卷]
The new movie____________ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.
A.promises
B.agrees
C.pretends
D.declines
【解析】 A 考查動詞詞義辨析。
promise表示“允諾,答應”, “有……的希望”的意思;
agree意為“同意,贊同”;pretend意為“假裝”;decline意為“減少,衰退”。只有promise符合題意。句意為:這部新電影有望成為電影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。又如:
The girl ______ to be a good teacher if she is well trained in an art school.
A. expects
B. promises
C. allows
D. wishes 專題六 │ 實戰演練 3. What the young man can't ________ is that his mum always treats him like a baby.
A.support
B.undertake
C.hold
D.bear
【解析】 D 考查動詞辨析。
A意為“支持”;
B意為“承擔,擔任,著手做”;C意為“握住,容納”;D意為“容忍,忍受”。句意為:這個年輕人無法忍受的是他的母親總是把他當個小孩來對待。根據題意可知應選D。 4. We want to rent a bus which can ________ 40 people for our trip to Beijing.
A.load
B.hold
C.fill
D.support
【解析】 B 根據句意,此處需用表示“容納,包含”的動詞,只有B項符合。 專題六 │ 實戰演練 5.
The film Avatar ( 阿凡達 ) will be on tonight but it's at 1:30 am. I don't want to ________ that late.
A.stay up
B.show off
C.put up
D.get off
【解析】 A 考查動詞短語辨析。
根據題干意思選A。
stay up熬夜;
show off炫耀,賣弄;
put up舉起,建起,張貼;
get off下車,出發,脫掉。
專題六 │ 實戰演練 6. — How are you managing to do your business without a secretary?
— Well, I ________ somehow.
A.get along
B.care about
C.watch out
D.set off
【解析】 A 考查動詞短語辨析。
get along(勉強)生活,工作下去; care about關注;
watch out小心;
set off出發。 7. I've ________ my umbrella in the office and I'll have to fetch it.
A.forgot
B.left
C.remained