2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)精選測試題北師大版選修八Unit 22 B卷
北師大版選修八Unit 22 B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·福建質(zhì)量檢測)The teacher sat cross-legged in front of the gathering of fourth grade students. She asked them what kinds of things would __1__world peace. Immediately they began offering such__2__as “Get rid of all the bombs.” “There ought to be a __3__against war.” The teacher rose to note each offering on the board. Once the list was __4__， she sat again with the children and asked them if there was anything __5__war in their lives.
They were __6__at first but eventually they seemed to begin to __7__that the teacher meant “war”as a metaphor (暗喻). One student said, “My brother declares war on me when I __8__his things.” “My dad blows up at bad drivers，” offered one girl. __9__said she did war with one of her dishonest friends.
__10__the thought appeared that all violence was in conflict with the idea of __11__. Through the discussion the teacher __12__the concept that they could decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives by giving up the idea of __13__with others. She asked them to __14__the rest of the week keeping track of the times when they would choose to carry out peace __15__violence.
By the end of the week the students had experienced dozens of examples __16__violence and conflict had been avoided in their __17__lives.
Eventually the class created a peace movement in the school. They helped rewrite school__18__that decreased conflict. Homework became more inventive and __19__. Parentteacher meetings always __20__activities of the students (adance, or an art or science exhibit). Cooperation became the primary path to peace
語篇解讀：本文主要介紹的是老師如何向?qū)W生解釋“war”這個詞的含義，并使學(xué)生們明白在生活中他們應(yīng)該減少沖突，加強合作。
1．A.break
B．ignore
C．increase
D．witness
解析：由第一段第三句中學(xué)生們的回答可知，老師問的是如何能促進世界和平，故C項正確。
答案：C
2．A.cases
B．events
C．chances D．suggestions
解析：根據(jù)該空后面學(xué)生們的回答可知這是學(xué)生根據(jù)老師提出的問題說出的一些解決 “建議”，故選D項。
答案：D
3．A.law
B．will
C．deal
D．duty
解析：制定一部“法律”來制止戰(zhàn)爭。故選A項。
答案：A
4．A.missing
B．necessary
C．simple
D．complete
解析：根據(jù)空處后的內(nèi)容可知老師已經(jīng)把清單列完了，故選D項。complete表示“已完成的，已結(jié)束的”。
答案：D
5．A.but
B．like
C．a(chǎn)gainst
D．a(chǎn)fter
解析：根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“the teacher meant ‘war’ as a metaphor(暗喻)”可知，老師問學(xué)生的是在他們的生活中有沒有遇到“像”戰(zhàn)爭一樣的事情，故用like。
答案：B
6．A.puzzled
B．frightened
C．excited
D．encouraged
解析：剛開始學(xué)生們感到很“困惑”，但是最終他們“意識到”老師說的“戰(zhàn)爭”是一個暗喻。故選A項。
答案：A
7．A.state
B．prove
C．realize
D．guess解析：參見上題解析。realize意為“意識到”。
答案：C
8．A.receive
B．bother
C．collect
D．reserve
解析：一個學(xué)生說：“當(dāng)我打擾我的哥哥做事情時，他就向我宣戰(zhàn)。”bother表示“打擾，煩擾”，符合語境。
答案：B
9．A.Each
B．Another
C．The one
D．The other
解析：由“One student said”和“offered one girl”可知此處是指又一個女孩說，故選B項。
答案：B
10．A.Luckily
B．Suddenly
C．Hopefully D．Finally
解析：由第二段學(xué)生們的回答可知任何暴力都是與和平理念相沖突的，這也是對上文的總結(jié)，故用副詞finally。
答案：D
11．A.peace
B．power
C．culture
D．wealth
解析：peace與上半句的violence相對應(yīng)，任何暴力都與“和平”相沖突，故A項正確。
答案：A
12．A.returned
B．passed
C．introduced
D．moved
解析：根據(jù)學(xué)生的談?wù)摚蠋熯M行總結(jié)，并且“引出”了一個理念，故選C項，其他三項均不符合語境。
答案：C
13．A.joking
B．fighting
C．discussing
D．working
解析：根據(jù)該空前面的“decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives”可以推知是通過放棄武力的方式來減少暴力，增加和平，故選B項。
答案：B
14．A.waste
B．a(chǎn)ppoint
C．spend
D．finish
解析：她要求學(xué)生記錄一下在這周余下來的時間里用和平而不是暴力的方式來處理問題的次數(shù)。spend some time doing sth.表示“花費時間做某事”，故C項符合語境。
答案：C
15．A.aside from
B．a(chǎn)way from
C．regardless of
D．instead of
解析：見上題解析。instead of表示“而不是”。前三項分別表示“除了”“遠離”“不顧，不管”，均不符合語境。
答案：D
16．A.that
B．where
C．whether
D．whose
解析：where引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞examples，且where在從句中作狀語，故選B項。
答案：B
17．A.political
B．traditional
C．personal
D．natural
解析：由第三段第二句中的“in their own lives”提示可知應(yīng)選C，此處表示“個人生活”。
答案：C
18．A.rules
B．decisions
C．records D．introductions
解析：根據(jù)該空后面的“that decreased conflict”可知應(yīng)該是重新制訂了學(xué)校“規(guī)則”，故選A項。
答案：A
19．A.similar
B．familiar
C．confusing
D．interesting
解析：家庭作業(yè)變得更加有創(chuàng)造性和趣味性。故D項正確。其他三項分別表示“相似的”“熟悉的”“令人迷惑的”，均與語境不符。
答案：D
20．A.started with
B．belonged to
C．put up with
D．came up to
解析：家長教師交流會也總是以學(xué)生們的活動開始的，故選A項。后三項分別表示“屬于”“忍受”“達到”，均不符合語境。
答案：A
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
(2024·豫南四校高三調(diào)研)“My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy，”says a second-grade teacher in Saugus, California.“Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.”These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP),
a
particular
program
for
kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills, and more.
The children don't just play any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom，” says the teacher who developed this program.“They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected ‘official’ and ‘planning group’ makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”
CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children's own standards.
語篇解讀：加利福尼亞的一名教師別出心裁地設(shè)計出一個培養(yǎng)孩子解決問題能力的計劃，讓他們在城市規(guī)劃中自由馳騁，潛移默化地學(xué)到觀察問題、分析問題和解決問題的知識。
1．CBEP is designed to ________.
A．direct kids to build solar collectors
B．train young scientists for city planning
C．develop children's problem-solving abilities
D．train kids to be future architects
解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句話以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知這個計劃的目的是培養(yǎng)孩子解決問題的能力。
答案：C
2．An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ________.
A．find out kids' creative ideas
B．discuss with the teacher
C．give children lectures
D．help kids with their program
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句話中的“With the aid of an architect...”可知建筑師每周來教室一次的目的是在這個計劃中為孩子們提供幫助。
答案：D
3．Who is the designer of the program?
A．An official.
B．An architect.
C．A teacher.
D．A scientist.
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中間部分的“...says the teacher who developed this program.”可知這個計劃的設(shè)計者是一位教師。
答案：C
4．The children feel free in the program because they ________.
A．can design future buildings themselves
B．have new ideas and rich imagination
C．a(chǎn)re given enough time to design models
D．need not worry about making mistakes
解析：推理判斷題。第二段后半部分提到孩子們可以充分發(fā)揮他們豐富的想象力，無需害怕任何責(zé)備，因為在未來設(shè)計方面沒有錯誤的答案，由此可推測孩子們在這個計劃中可以無拘無束，不必擔(dān)心犯過錯。
答案：D
Ⅲ.選做題
任務(wù)型讀寫
(2024·安慶質(zhì)檢)We all need physical exercise. Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body full of energy. It works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your muscles. So, exercise makes your heart and muscles strong. Exercise also makes you feel refreshed. If you exercise a couple of times a week, you will stay happy and healthy.
Some Western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. In the US, many people don't have enough exercise because it is hard for them. People have to work from dawn till dusk, so they don't have time to take exercise. They work in office buildings sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers. They cannot get much exercise sitting at desk passively.
Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work. However, the majority of people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no choice but to drive to work. In fact, some have to drive one or two hours to their offices. This is unfavourable in two ways. First, these people don't have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging especially in rush hours and calls for too much attention. It makes a person worn out. So, when these people arrive home at night, they don't have the desire to take exercise after work.
Today, many people in the West are overweight, which causes health problems for them. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people don't see a difference right away, they will lose heart and stop exercising.
Title Westerners (1)____ Exercise
The (2)____
people can get from exercise ·Keep your body (3)____．·Make you feel good. ·Help you stay healthy and happy if you exercise (4)____．
·Help you lose weight and get your health (5)____．
One (6)____ for not getting enough exercise for some westerners Some people at work are too (7)____ to exercise.
The difficulty those who drive to work have in exercising Some live too (8)____ away from their workplaces so they have to drive to work. After driving back at night, they are too (9)____ so they don't want to exercise.
The wrong attitude
to exercise some
people have Some would be (10)____ if they don't see a difference within a short time.
答案：1.Lack 2.benefits/advantages 3.strong /energetic 4.regularly/often/frequently 5.improved 6.reason 7.busy 8.far 9.tired/exhausted 10.discouraged/unconfident
短文填詞
Nowadays a lot of schools keep their students in school all day long.
Students have different o________ about it.1.________
Some of the students think they enjoy l________ freedom and have few 2.________
chances to get in touch with society. They are not able to fully ________ (培養(yǎng))3.________
their interests and ________(愛好). Therefore, they have least interest in their study. 4.________
Some others think school is the best place to get knowledge, ________ they 5.________
should put their heart into their lessons. Some students ________ (缺少) the ability to6.________
control themselves. Once ________ of school, they may lose control of themselves 7.________
and do something that will a________ their studies.8.________
P________， there is no doubt that we should keep students at school.9.________
But I think ________ of necessity that schools should organize various activities
10.________
so that students can enjoy their school life.
答案：1.opinions 2.little 3.develop 4.hobbies 5.so
6．lack 7.out 8.affect 9.Personally 10.it
任務(wù)型閱讀
(2024·山西大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三月考)May the first is an important date in the college admission process in the United States. This is the last day for high school seniors to accept or reject offers of admission in the fall. But according to a recent report, there is a great change. Acceptance rates at the top colleges this year were lower than ever.__1__
These days, college applicants are applying to more colleges because online and common applications make the process easier.__2__On the other hand, deciding students for top colleges to accept can be difficult because it takes much time. Students may not like being put on waiting lists. Also, common colleges work more to get the students to accept them. Some colleges hold visiting days that offer a chance to attend classes and stay overnight. Some universities send gifts.__3__
For many families, the most important thing colleges can do is show them the money, especially this year; the weak economy makes parents nervous.__4__ The recent problems that spread from the housing market to credit markets have even affected students' loans. So lately, top schools have to spare lots of money to increase their financial aid for students.
