陜西省2024高考英語一輪復習 《The Conquest of the Universe》課時作業 外研版選修8

　　高三一輪英語課時作業

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．—Why didn’t you go fishing with your friend yesterday?

　　—Well，fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of________，which I don’t have.

　　A．strength　B．money

　　C．wisdom

　　D．patience

　　2．—I’m not________up so early yet，but I have to________myself to it.

　　—Yeah.Just as the saying goes，“An early bird catches the worm”．

　　A．used to getting；adopt

　　B．accustomed to getting；accustom

　　C．used to get；adapt

　　D．accustomed to get；accustom

　　3．—Are you________me of lying to headmaster?

　　—I’m sure you did.

　　A．accusing

　　B．scolding

　　C．reminding

　　D．telling

　　4．The former focuses on the natural world；the________starts with human beings and studies how human being and their environment act upon each other.

　　A．second

　　B．later

　　C．next

　　D．latter

　　5．Look，dark clouds are gathering.It is________to rain soon.

　　A．probable

　　B．possibly

　　C．likely

　　D．perhaps

　　6．No one knows if________that boy，but if________him，her parents will be disappointed.

　　A．she will marry；she will marry

　　B．she marries；she marries

　　C．she will marry；she marries

　　D．she marries；she will marry

　　7．Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see________.

　　A．who is he

　　B．who he is

　　C．who is it

　　D．who it is

　　8．Don’t you know，my dear friend，________it is your money not you that she loves?

　　A．who

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．what

　　9．What the doctor really doubt is________my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

　　A．when

　　B．how

　　C．whether

　　D．why

　　10．You should have been more patient________that customer；I’m sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.

　　A．with

　　B．of

　　C．for

　　D．at

　　11．Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise.________，our minds are developed by learning.

　　A．Probably

　　B．Likely

　　C．Similarly

　　D．Generally

　　12．The police have________to look into the cause of the accident.

　　A．set about

　　B．set aside

　　C．set out

　　D．set up

　　13．I’m not feeling well in the stomach.I________so much fried chicken just now.

　　A．shouldn’t eat

　　B．mustn’t have eaten

　　C．mustn’t eat

　　D．shouldn’t have eaten

　　14．—Don’t you think it necessary that he________to Miami but to New York?

　　—I agree，but the problem is________he has refused to.

　　A．will not be sent，that

　　B．not be sent，that

　　C．should not be sent，what

　　D．should not send，what

　　15．The defence lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the________of the murder committed last month.

　　A．observers

　　B．viewers

　　C．witnesses

　　D．audiences

　?、?句子翻譯

　　16．一到山邊，我們就開始植樹。(instantly；set)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　17．盡管在哈爾濱上了四年大學，但她仍不適應那兒寒冷的天氣。(accustom)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　18．這些建筑物亟待修葺。(in a state of)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　19．吸煙有害的警告看起來對青少年無效。(impact)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　20．Within 100 years behind it，the Chinese film industry is regaining its self－confidence despite setbacks and difficulties of all kinds.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　?、?完形填空

　　　Over dinner a few weeks ago，the novelist Lawrence Naumoff told a troubling story.He__21__students in his introduction to creative writing course at UNC Chapel Hill if they had__22__Jack Kerouac.Nobody raised a hand.__23__he asked if anyone had ever heard of Jack Kerouac.There are more blank__24__.　

　　　Naumoff began__25__the legend of the literary wild man.One student offered that he had a teacher who was just as__26__.Naumoff asked the professor’s name.The student said he didn’t__27__.Naumoff then asked this oblivious (健忘的) scholar，“Do you know my__28__？”

　　After a long pause，the young man replied，“No.”

　　“I guess I’ve always known that many students are just__29__my course to get a requirement out of the way，” Naumoff said.“But it was__30__to see that some couldn’t even go to the trouble of__31__the name of the person teaching the course.”

　　The other UNC professors at the__32__began sharing their own stories about the troubling state of curiosity on__33__.All of them have noted that such ignorance isn’t__34__—students have always possessed far less knowledge than they should.But in the past，__35__tended to be a source of shame and motivation.Students were far more likely to be__36__by not－knowing，far more eager to fill such gaps by learning.__37__，nowadays as one reviewer once said，“It’s that they don’t__38__what they don’t know.”

　　In our increasingly complex world，the amount of information required to master any__39__discipline—e.g.computers，life insurance，medicine—has expended geometrically (成幾何級數增加地)．We are forced to__40__specialists，people who know more and more about less and less.Curiously，in a world where everything is worth knowing，nothing is. 21.A.helped　

　　B．greeted

　　C．taught

　　D．asked

　　22．A.read

　　B．recognized

　　C．visited

　　D．wrote

　　23．A.But

　　B．Or

　　C．Then

　　D．So

　　24．A.puzzlesB．expressions

　　C．smilesD．feelings25.A.describing

　　B．drawing

　　C．showingD．painting

　　26．A.uglyB．handsome

　　C．crazy

　　D．angry

　　27．A.know

　　B．recognize

　　C．find

　　D．care

　　28．A.story

　　B．name

　　C．address

　　D．work

　　29．A.getting

　　B．putting

　　C．taking

　　D．making

　　30．A.excitingB．interesting

　　C．pleasingD．disappointing

　　31．A.finding outB．looking for

　　C．putting upD．pointing to

　　32．A.class

　　B．dinner

　　C．room

　　D．house

　　33．A.train

　　B．bus

　　C．campus

　　D．literature

　　34．A.old

　　B．short

　　C．long

　　D．new

　　35．A.ignoranceB．curiosity

　　C．knowledgeD．gaps

　　36．A.troubledB．moved

　　C．touchedD．respected

　　37．A.ThereforeB．Otherwise

　　C．HoweverD．Anyway

　　38．A.go throughB．take inC．meet withD．care about

　　39．A.commonB．simple

　　C．particularD．easy

　　40．A.act

　　B．become

　　C．call

　　D．want

　?、?閱讀理解

　　There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence.The first is the sort of brain he is born with.Human brains differ considerably，some being more capable than others.But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared.If an individual is handicapped environmentally，it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

　　The

　　importance

　　of

　　environment

　　in

　　determining

　　an

　　individual’s

　　intelligence

　　can

　　be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins，Peter and Mark X．Being identical，the twins had identical brains at birth，and their growth processes were the same.When the twins were three months old，their parents died，and they were placed in separate foster homes.Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities.Mark was reared in the home of well－to－do parents who had been to college.He was read to as a child，sent to good schools，and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence.Mark’s I．Q.was 125，twenty－five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.Given equal opportunities，the twins，having identical brains，would have tested at roughly the same level.

　　41．This selection can best be titled________.

　　A．Measuring Your Intelligence

　　B．Intelligence and Environment

　　C．The Case of Peter and Mark

　　D．How the Brain Influences Intelligence

　　42．The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that______.

　　A．human brains differ considerably

　　B．the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence

　　C．environment is vital to determine a person’s intelligence

　　D．persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence

　　43．According to the passage，the average I．Q.is________.

　　A．85B．100C．110D．125

　　44．The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that________.

　　A．individual with identical brains seldom test at same level

　　B．an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environment

　　C．lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence

　　D．changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain

　　45．This passage suggests that an individual’s I．Q.________.

　　A．can be predicted at birth

　　B．stays the same throughout his life

　　C．can be increased by education

　　D．is determined by his childhood

　　課時作業答案

　?、?單項填空

　　1．D　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為：昨天你為什么沒和朋友去釣魚？嗯，釣魚是一個需要很大耐心的愛好，而我不具備這一點。根據生活常識，我們也知道釣魚需要耐心。patience “耐心；忍耐”符合題意；其余strength 力量，money 金錢，wisdom 智慧，均不合句意。

　　2．B　考查習語運用和動詞辨析。句意為：我還不習慣早起，但我不得不讓自己適應這一點。由此可知第一空表示“習慣于做某事”，可用be used/accustomed to doing來表示，排除C、D；第二空可用adapt/accustom oneself to...使自己習慣于……。A項中的adopt為“采納；收養”之意。

　　3．A　考查詞義辨析和搭配。句意為：你是因為我對校長撒謊而指責我嗎？accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指責/控告某人…… 符合要求；scold “責備；指責”和for連用；remind sb.of 提醒某人……；tell sb.of 告訴某人……，均不合句意。

　　4．D　考查搭配。the former...the latter...是固定搭配，指兩者中的“前者……，后者……”。second，next一般與first連用，later “遲的，晚的”不符合句意，也不和the former連用。

　　5．C　考查likely的用法。句意為：瞧，天上烏云密布，可能馬上就要下雨了。It’s likely to do...很可能……；possibly和perhaps都是副詞，不作表語，probable只用于“It’s probable that...”這一句型。

　　6．C　句意為：沒有人知道她是否會嫁給那個男孩，若嫁給他，她父母會很失望的。第一個if引導賓語從句，一般將來時應保持不變；第二個if引導條件狀語從句，應該用一般現在時代替一般將來時。

　　7．D　考查賓語從句的語序和it指人的情況。賓語從句應用陳述語序，故可先排除A、C；另外，按英語習慣，當用于指代身份不明的人或嬰兒時，要用it，而不用he或she。

　　8．C　考查賓語從句的引導詞。通過分析發現“________it is...loves”是know的賓語從句，不是定語從句，只是被插入語my dear friend隔開罷了，而且從句內容完整，不缺成分。

　　9．C　考查表語從句的引導詞。根據doubt的用法：用于肯定句時，后面接whether或if引導的名詞性從句，而當其用于否定句時，其后常接that引導的名詞性從句。

　　10．A　be patient with sb.對某人耐心，是固定短語。

　　11．C　similarly 同樣地，句意為：我們通過鍛煉強身健體，同樣的也通過學習增強心智。A項“很可能”，B項“可能的”， D項“一般地”。

　　12．C　考查set組成的短語動詞辨析。句意為：警察們已開始調查這起事故的起因。set about當“著手”講應用set about doing，故排除A項；set aside意為“放在一邊，存儲”，意思不符；set out to do sth.著手做某事；set up 建立。

　　13．D　句意為“現在我覺得肚子疼。我剛才本來不應該吃那么多的炸雞的”。

　　14．B　考查賓語從句中的虛擬語氣和表語從句的引導詞?！皌hat he...New York”是think的真正賓語，由于它在necessary之后，從句謂語動詞應用(should)＋動詞原形，故排除A；再從語態上可排除D；答語中的表語從句是個省略句，但不缺少成分，故選that，排除C。

　　15．C　考查名詞辨析。句意為：辯護律師在問那位老人，他是上個月發生的謀殺案的其中一位目擊者。witness “目擊者，見證人”符合題意；其余observer 觀察員，viewer 觀眾，audience 觀眾，聽眾，均不確切。

　　Ⅱ.句子翻譯

　　16．We set out to plant trees instantly we arrived at the hillside.

　　17．Though having studied in Harbin for 4 years，she couldn’t accustom herself to the cold weather there.

　　18．These buildings are in a bad state of repair.

　　19．Warnings about the danger of smoking seem to have no impact on teens.

　　20．在過去的100年里，中國電影業從各種挫折和困境中又恢復了自信。

　?、?完形填空

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章講述了小說家勞倫斯·諾莫夫在給學生上課時，從他們的漠然無知引發了對社會大背景的無奈。最后感慨：在這個萬事都值得知道的世界，再沒有什么真的值得去知道了。