高考英語同步練習《Unit 1 The written word》譯林版選修8
選修八
Unit 1 The written word
Ⅰ.單項填空
1.The company isto improve pay and conditions.
A.under construction B.under influence
C.under pressure
D.under control
解析：考查短語的區別。句意：該公司面臨著提高工資并改善工作條件的壓力。under pressure“處在壓力下”。A項“在建設中”；B項“在影響下”；D項“處于控制之下”。
答案：C
2.Young peoplefor growing independence，while parents want their children to listen to them.
A.tend to ask
B.tend asking
C.tended to ask
D.tend towards asking
解析：tend to do sth.“傾向于做某事”，并且此處是陳述一種現實情況，故用一般現在時。
答案：A
3.The waiter is clearing the table，which serves as athat it is time to leave.
A.respect
B.requirement
C.reminder
D.reward
解析：句意：服務員在清理桌子，這說明該離開了。reminder“提示”。respect“尊重”；requirement“要求”；reward“報酬”。
答案：C
4.When he got married，hedown in Tokyo.
A.lived
B.got
C.took
D.settled
解析：句意：他結婚后，定居在了東京。settle down“定居下來”。
答案：D
5.Most insurance agents would rather youanything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
A.hadn't done
B.don't
C.didn't
D.didn't do
解析：would rather 后接從句時，常使用虛擬語氣，由until 從句中的謂語動詞可知would rather后的從句動作發生在將來，故用過去式表示。
答案：D
6.The manager is a (n)of mine，so I can introduce you to him.
A.acquaint
B.acquaintance
C.familiarity
D.friendship
解析：句意：那位經理是我的一個熟人，所以我能把你介紹給他。acquaintance“熟人”；acquaint vt.“使熟悉”；familiarity“熟悉”；friendship“友誼”。
答案：B
7.(2009·南陽模擬)The film company plansthe film before Christmas.
A.releasing
B.coming out
C.to be published
D.to release
解析：plan to do...“計劃做……”；release vt. “放映，發行”。故選D項。
答案：D
8.His father died，leaving him with a.
A.money
B.fortune
C.luck
D.amount
解析：fortune“財產，財富”。money是不可數名詞；luck“運氣”；amount指“數量”。
答案：B
9.Intelligence doesn'tmean success.You need to work hard as well.
A.honestly
B.formally
C.simply
D.necessarily
解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：聰明并不一定就意味著成功，你還需要努力。honestly“誠實地”；formally“正式地”；simply“簡單地”；necessarily“必定地”。
答案：D
10.The English teacher laid particular the need of reading aloud.
A.stress on
B.importance
C.stress
D.strain on
解析：lay stress on“把重點放在……上，強調”。
答案：A
11.Some students admitting they werecomputer games.
A.resisted；hooked on
B.accepted；addicted to
C.distributed；involved in
D.refused；devoted to
解析：句意：有些學生不承認他們對電腦游戲上癮。resist doing“反對做”；refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。be hooked on“對……上癮，著迷”；be addicted to“著迷”；be involved in“從事”；be devoted to“致力于”。
答案：A
12.This chair isof Anthony's way of designing furniture.
A.typical
B.possessed
C.starved
D.symbol
解析：be typical of“是……的典型”。
答案：A
13.People may have their hearingby loud noise of machines.
A.wounded
B.hit
C.harmed
D.beaten
解析：句意：許多人的聽力也許會被機器發出的噪音傷害。harm“損害”。Wound多指在戰斗中受傷；hit擊打某一點；beat“擊打，打敗”。
答案：C
14.All the historic sites within the range of Three Gorges Reservoir have beento some new locations high above.
A.transformed
B.transmitted
C.transferred
D.transported
解析：句意：所有三峽水庫范圍內的歷史遺跡已被轉移到新的高處去了。transfer“轉移”。transform“轉化，轉變”；transmit“播送”；transport“運輸，運送”。
答案：C
15..—Mr.Graham is greedy and mean.
—You must be .He is and often helps those in need.
A.abnormal；wealthy
B.prejudiced；talented
C.mistaken；generous
D.drunk；cold-hearted
解析：abnormal“反常的”；wealthy“富有的”；prejudiced“有偏見的”；talented“有才能的”；mistaken“錯誤的”；generous“大方的”；drunk“醉酒的”；cold-hearted“無情的”。根據對話第一句中的greedy and mean(貪婪、吝嗇)及第二句前半部分可以判斷第二空填generous。因此本題答案是C項。
答案：C
.閱讀理解
Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSN or QQ，listen to music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—without knowing the literal Chinese translation of the abbreviations(縮寫).
But they don't have to，as many English letters have become part of the local lexicon(詞典).
A dozen abbreviations including GDP， NBA， IT， MP3， QQ，DVD and CEO are among the 5,000 most-frequently used words in the Chinese-language media last year，according to a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China， which was released in Beijing.
The report said some parents are so keen on English letters that recently a couple tried to name their baby “@”，claiming the character used in e-mail addresses reflects their love for the child.
While the“@”is obviously familiar to Chinese e-mail users，they often use the English word “at” to pronounce it，which sounds something like“ai ta”， or “love him”， to Putonghua speakers.
The study collected more than 1 billion language samples from newspapers， magazines， TV， radio and websites. The annual report is compiled(編輯) by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission.
“Nowadays，more and more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese， making them an important part of the contemporary language，”said Hou Min， a professor at Communication University of China.
“The abbreviations have gained popularity because of the convenience of usage，”Hou said.
For example，DNA is much simpler to use than its Chinese version tuoyang hetang hesuan.
“As more Chinese people learn foreign languages， especially English，in recent years，using abbreviations has become a trend among educated people，”she said.
Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate the purity of Chinese and cause confusion in communication.
語篇解讀：本文講述了現在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中文中得到了廣泛的使用，以及人們對此的看法。
1.A couple want to name their child“@”because of its.
A.popularity
B.pronunciation
C.meaning
D.usage
解析：推理判斷題。由文章第四段和第五段的內容我們不難發現這對夫婦用@的發音來表達對孩子的愛意。
答案：B
2.The underlined word“contaminate”in the last paragraph probably means.
A.make impure
B.smooth away
C.make clear
D.make up
解析：詞義猜測題。從文章最后一段的內容可以看出人們擔心這樣使用語言會“污染、弄臟”中文的純凈性。所以這里選A項。
答案：A
3.The usage of English abbreviations will bein China.
A.limited by the Ministry of Education
B.encouraged by most language scholars
C.more popular among educated people
D.officially forbidden by the government
解析：細節理解題。從文章倒數第二段的內容可以看出選C項。
答案：C
4.The passage aims to tell us.
A.English abbreviations become popular in China
B.English abbreviations will take the place of Putonghua
C.the arguments about English abbreviations
D.how we can use abbreviations properly
解析：主旨大意題。從全文可知，本篇文章主要告訴我們現在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中文中得到了廣泛的使用。由此可以推斷選A項。
答案：A
.任務型閱讀/任務型讀寫
閱讀下面短文，根據所讀內容在表格中的空白處填入恰當的單詞。
注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。
A Cool Way to Keep Food From Spoiling
A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage.Foods can go bad if they get too warm.But for many of the world's poor，finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult.Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.
Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses.Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly.
But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution.He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.”It uses two round containers made of clay.A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one.
The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand.The inner pot can be filled with fruit，vegetables or drinks.A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system.
Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process.Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot，where drier outside air is moving.
The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees.This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria.Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks.
People throughout Nigeria began using the invention.And it became popular with farmers in other African countries.Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby.
In two thousand，the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise.This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being.
A committee considers projects in science and medicine，technology，exploration and discovery，the environment and cultural history.Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.
The award is given every two years.The next one will be given in two thousand eight.
Title：A New Cooling System
Column Content
Background It is difficult for the poor to keep food fresh，for both refrigerators and electricity are (1).Besides，spoiled food results in (2) and losses of money.
When In 1995
(3) In Northern Nigeria
Who Mohammed Bah Abba
(4) “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.”
How A smaller pot filled with fruit，vegetables or drinks is placed in a larger one，with the space between them full of wet sand.All the cooling system is covered with a wet cloth.If the water in the sand is evaporated，it will take in (5) from the inner pot，thus (6) the temperature of the inner pot to drop several degrees，so that the foods can stay fresh for several weeks.
Effect The invention was(7) among farmers.In 2000，the inventor was honored with the Rolex Award for Enterprise，a reward (8) people whose invention can help to make people (9) and(10).
答案：1.expensive/costly 2.illness/sickness/disease 3.Where 4.What 5.heat 6.causing 7.popular 8.recognizing 9.knowledgeable 10.happy
選修八
Unit 1 The written word
Ⅰ.單項填空
1.The company isto improve pay and conditions.
A.under construction B.under influence
C.under pressure
D.under control
解析：考查短語的區別。句意：該公司面臨著提高工資并改善工作條件的壓力。under pressure“處在壓力下”。A項“在建設中”；B項“在影響下”；D項“處于控制之下”。
答案：C
2.Young peoplefor growing independence，while parents want their children to listen to them.
A.tend to ask
B.tend asking
C.tended to ask
D.tend towards asking
解析：tend to do sth.“傾向于做某事”，并且此處是陳述一種現實情況，故用一般現在時。
答案：A
3.The waiter is clearing the table，which serves as athat it is time to leave.
A.respect
B.requirement
C.reminder
D.reward
解析：句意：服務員在清理桌子，這說明該離開了。reminder“提示”。respect“尊重”；requirement“要求”；reward“報酬”。
答案：C
4.When he got married，hedown in Tokyo.
A.lived
B.got
C.took
D.settled
解析：句意：他結婚后，定居在了東京。settle down“定居下來”。
答案：D
5.Most insurance agents would rather youanything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
A.hadn't done
B.don't
C.didn't
D.didn't do
解析：would rather 后接從句時，常使用虛擬語氣，由until 從句中的謂語動詞可知would rather后的從句動作發生在將來，故用過去式表示。
答案：D
6.The manager is a (n)of mine，so I can introduce you to him.
A.acquaint
B.acquaintance
C.familiarity
D.friendship
解析：句意：那位經理是我的一個熟人，所以我能把你介紹給他。acquaintance“熟人”；acquaint vt.“使熟悉”；familiarity“熟悉”；friendship“友誼”。
答案：B
7.(2009·南陽模擬)The film company plansthe film before Christmas.
A.releasing
B.coming out
C.to be published
D.to release
解析：plan to do...“計劃做……”；release vt. “放映，發行”。故選D項。
答案：D
8.His father died，leaving him with a.
A.money
B.fortune
C.luck
D.amount
解析：fortune“財產，財富”。money是不可數名詞；luck“運氣”；amount指“數量”。
答案：B
9.Intelligence doesn'tmean success.You need to work hard as well.
A.honestly
B.formally
C.simply
D.necessarily
解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：聰明并不一定就意味著成功，你還需要努力。honestly“誠實地”；formally“正式地”；simply“簡單地”；necessarily“必定地”。
答案：D
10.The English teacher laid particular the need of reading aloud.
A.stress on
B.importance
C.stress
D.strain on
解析：lay stress on“把重點放在……上，強調”。
答案：A
11.Some students admitting they werecomputer games.
A.resisted；hooked on
B.accepted；addicted to
C.distributed；involved in
D.refused；devoted to
解析：句意：有些學生不承認他們對電腦游戲上癮。resist doing“反對做”；refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。be hooked on“對……上癮，著迷”；be addicted to“著迷”；be involved in“從事”；be devoted to“致力于”。
答案：A
12.This chair isof Anthony's way of designing furniture.
A.typical
B.possessed
C.starved
D.symbol
解析：be typical of“是……的典型”。
答案：A
13.People may have their hearingby loud noise of machines.
A.wounded
B.hit
C.harmed
D.beaten
解析：句意：許多人的聽力也許會被機器發出的噪音傷害。harm“損害”。Wound多指在戰斗中受傷；hit擊打某一點；beat“擊打，打敗”。
答案：C
14.All the historic sites within the range of Three Gorges Reservoir have beento some new locations high above.
A.transformed
B.transmitted
C.transferred
D.transported
解析：句意：所有三峽水庫范圍內的歷史遺跡已被轉移到新的高處去了。transfer“轉移”。transform“轉化，轉變”；transmit“播送”；transport“運輸，運送”。
答案：C
15..—Mr.Graham is greedy and mean.
—You must be .He is and often helps those in need.
A.abnormal；wealthy
B.prejudiced；talented
C.mistaken；generous
D.drunk；cold-hearted
解析：abnormal“反常的”；wealthy“富有的”；prejudiced“有偏見的”；talented“有才能的”；mistaken“錯誤的”；generous“大方的”；drunk“醉酒的”；cold-hearted“無情的”。根據對話第一句中的greedy and mean(貪婪、吝嗇)及第二句前半部分可以判斷第二空填generous。因此本題答案是C項。
答案：C
.閱讀理解
Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSN or QQ，listen to music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—without knowing the literal Chinese translation of the abbreviations(縮寫).
But they don't have to，as many English letters have become part of the local lexicon(詞典).
A dozen abbreviations including GDP， NBA， IT， MP3， QQ，DVD and CEO are among the 5,000 most-frequently used words in the Chinese-language media last year，according to a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China， which was released in Beijing.
The report said some parents are so keen on English letters that recently a couple tried to name their baby “@”，claiming the character used in e-mail addresses reflects their love for the child.
While the“@”is obviously familiar to Chinese e-mail users，they often use the English word “at” to pronounce it，which sounds something like“ai ta”， or “love him”， to Putonghua speakers.
The study collected more than 1 billion language samples from newspapers， magazines， TV， radio and websites. The annual report is compiled(編輯) by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission.
“Nowadays，more and more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese， making them an important part of the contemporary language，”said Hou Min， a professor at Communication University of China.
“The abbreviations have gained popularity because of the convenience of usage，”Hou said.
For example，DNA is much simpler to use than its Chinese version tuoyang hetang hesuan.
“As more Chinese people learn foreign languages， especially English，in recent years，using abbreviations has become a trend among educated people，”she said.
Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate the purity of Chinese and cause confusion in communication.
語篇解讀：本文講述了現在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中文中得到了廣泛的使用，以及人們對此的看法。
1.A couple want to name their child“@”because of its.
A.popularity
B.pronunciation
C.meaning
D.usage
解析：推理判斷題。由文章第四段和第五段的內容我們不難發現這對夫婦用@的發音來表達對孩子的愛意。
答案：B
2.The underlined word“contaminate”in the last paragraph probably means.
A.make impure
B.smooth away
C.make clear
D.make up
解析：詞義猜測題。從文章最后一段的內容可以看出人們擔心這樣使用語言會“污染、弄臟”中文的純凈性。所以這里選A項。
答案：A
3.The usage of English abbreviations will bein China.
A.limited by the Ministry of Education
B.encouraged by most language scholars
C.more popular among educated people
D.officially forbidden by the government
解析：細節理解題。從文章倒數第二段的內容可以看出選C項。
答案：C
4.The passage aims to tell us.
A.English abbreviations become popular in China
B.English abbreviations will take the place of Putonghua
C.the arguments about English abbreviations
D.how we can use abbreviations properly
解析：主旨大意題。從全文可知，本篇文章主要告訴我們現在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中文中得到了廣泛的使用。由此可以推斷選A項。
答案：A
.任務型閱讀/任務型讀寫
閱讀下面短文，根據所讀內容在表格中的空白處填入恰當的單詞。
注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。
A Cool Way to Keep Food From Spoiling
A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage.Foods can go bad if they get too warm.But for many of the world's poor，finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult.Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.
Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses.Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly.
But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution.He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.”It uses two round containers made of clay.A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one.
The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand.The inner pot can be filled with fruit，vegetables or drinks.A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system.
Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process.Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot，where drier outside air is moving.
The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees.This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria.Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks.
People throughout Nigeria began using the invention.And it became popular with farmers in other African countries.Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby.
In two thousand，the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise.This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being.
A committee considers projects in science and medicine，technology，exploration and discovery，the environment and cultural history.Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.
The award is given every two years.The next one will be given in two thousand eight.
Title：A New Cooling System
Column Content
Background It is difficult for the poor to keep food fresh，for both refrigerators and electricity are (1).Besides，spoiled food results in (2) and losses of money.
When In 1995
(3) In Northern Nigeria
Who Mohammed Bah Abba
(4) “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.”
How A smaller pot filled with fruit，vegetables or drinks is placed in a larger one，with the space between them full of wet sand.All the cooling system is covered with a wet cloth.If the water in the sand is evaporated，it will take in (5) from the inner pot，thus (6) the temperature of the inner pot to drop several degrees，so that the foods can stay fresh for several weeks.
Effect The invention was(7) among farmers.In 2000，the inventor was honored with the Rolex Award for Enterprise，a reward (8) people whose invention can help to make people (9) and(10).
答案：1.expensive/costly 2.illness/sickness/disease 3.Where 4.What 5.heat 6.causing 7.popular 8.recognizing 9.knowledgeable 10.happy
