2024屆北師大版高三一輪總復習英語課時作業42
課時作業(四十二) 選修7 Unit 21 Human Biology
.完形填空
(2024·吉林復習高考監測)
He was obviously new to the school and I bet even new to the country.All he wanted was some juice—entering Cafeteria B2 after long hours of classes，he was__1__.We sat near yet away from him.He was far away from our__2__，yet forced to be a part of it.
He stood at the drink machine，trying to make the machine take his one-dollar bill.After several minutes’ unsuccessful__3__，from the tables came loud comments and __4__.He began to tremble，with tears in the eyes.I saw him turn to sit down，__5__.But for some reason，he__6__it.He wouldn’t leave until he got a__7__.
He continued to thrust (塞) the dollar bill into the machine.Then something__8__happened.A popular senior__9__from her seat，and with a look of __10__，went over to the boy.She__11__how the machine had a hard time__12__dollars，then gave him some change and showed him where to __13__it.The boy gave her his__14__and chose a flavor of fruit juice.Then the two walked off in different directions.
__15__it was clear that they were from very different worlds，for one moment，they’d shared a real__16__.As I walked away from my lunch table that day，I looked at the boy.I remember thinking how he and the dollar were very much__17__.Neither of them was accepted where the world said they were__18__to be.But just as the dollar had found a place in the__19__girl’s pocket，I was sure the boy would__20__ find his，too.
1．A.unhappy B．thirsty
C．energetic
D．hungry
2．A.table
B．world
C．machine
D．cafeteria
3．A.tests
B．activities
C．attempts
D．adventures
4．A.disagreements
B．aid
C．arguments
D．laughter
5．A.defeated
B．disappointed
C．frightened
D．confused
6．A.decided against
B．looked for
C．turned on
D．tried out
7．A.friend
B．dollar
C．drink
D．warning
8．A.extraordinary
B．disturbing
C．amusing
D．risky
9．A.ordered
B．nodded
C．wept
D．rose
10．A.anger
B．sympathy
C．regret
D．confidence
11．A.explained
B．asked
C．discovered
D．discussed
12．A.removing
B．accepting
C．separating
D．displaying
13．A.place
B．take
C．keep
D．get
14．A.thanks
B．appreciation
C．dollar
D．satisfaction
15．A.Because
B．Whenever
C．Since
D．Although
16．A.belief
B．concern
C．story
D．understanding
17．A.different
B．nervous
C．alike
D．special
18．A.supposed
B．introduced
C．invented
D．imagined
19．A.beautiful
B．knowledgeable
C．caring
D．clever
20．A.immediately
B．eventually
C．accidentally
D．generally
.閱讀理解
A
(2024·哈爾濱四校一模)
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering (改變) the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened；necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes，one wonder，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？That is for you to decide.
1．Designers and big stores always make money________.
A．by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing
B．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
C．because they are able to predict new fashions for the coming seaon
D．because they attach great importance to the quality of women’s clothing2．To the writer，that women alter their old fashioned dresses is seen as________.
A．a waste of money
B．an expression of taste
C．a waste of time
D．an expression of creativity
3．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?
A．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
B．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of characters.
C．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
4．By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”，the writer means that________.
A．women are better able to put up with discomfort
B．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion
C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
D．women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
B
(2024·廈門質檢)
Today，when a fire breaks out，you can be sure a citizen with a cellphone camera has posted it to Facebook or Twitter，or sent it to the media.But up to now，that citizen has not been able to easily send images and details of what is happening to the people who need it most：the police，firefighters and building-security people who must respond，and whose ability to help is often measured in minutes，if not seconds.
That’s about to change.A one-year-old company called Elerts has developed a system that’s designed to mobile and social technologies to speed the flow of information between citizens and emergency workers in time of danger.The system involves free mobile applications—iPhone and iPad app (應用軟件) is available now—that eyewitnesses can use to report incidents and get public safety warnings.And Elerts is offering a management console (控制臺)for security firms and universities to receive the reports and distribute warnings and instructions，like a map with the best evacuation route (疏散路線)． The service is the brainchild of Chris Russo，deputy fire chief in
the
coastal
town
of Hull，Mass.As
mobile communications sped up，he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively with colleagues and the public，particularly with people who are at the scene and might be able to provide help.
“Remembering situations when communications failed puts__a_pit_in_my_stomach，” Mr Russo says.Last summer，he was in a search at a beach for a missing boy，who went into a bathhouse but didn’t come out.First responders feared an abduction (綁架) on the beach or shark attack.The child’s mother，who didn’t speak English well，was so sad that she couldn’t remember what color shorts he had on.Mr Russo had no photo of the child，and no ability to turn to beachgoers.
Two long hours later，the boy was spotted by a low-flying helicopter lost and alone on the beach crying—a lucky break.“If 5 percent of beachgoers had an app to receive a message and send in sightings of a lost boy，the happy ending might have come much sooner，” Mr Russo said.
5．What is the passage mainly about?
A．A system for reporting emergencies.
B．A moving story of Chris Russo.
C．A cellphone instant service.
D．An app for firm management.
6．The underlined part in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “________”．
A．arouses my interest
B．causes a stomachache
C．makes me feel frustrated
D．leaves a hole in my stomach
7．We can infer from the passage that emergency workers________.
A．have to carry out rescue work in minutes
B．need images and detailed information badly
C．must send images and details immediately
D．have to turn to Facebook and Twitter for details
8．The author takes Chris Russo’s experience as an example to________.
A．advertise his creativity in communication
B．inform readers how Russo got the idea of the service
C．make the passage more interesting to read
D．show readers the working principle of the new system
答案：
課時作業(四十二)
.完形填空
語篇解讀： 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述了一個新來的男孩想喝杯果汁，但不知道紙幣不能投入機器里。一個具有同情心的女孩幫助了他，終于喝到了果汁并使一美元的紙幣物有所用。作者相信，不久，這個男孩也會融入到這個社會當中，找到適合自己的位置的。
1．解析： 根據上文“All he wanted was some juice—entering Cafeteria B2 after long hours of classes”可知，上了幾個小時課之后來到餐廳的他想要喝些果汁，因此可推斷出，他口渴了。
答案： B
2．解析： 根據第四段第一句話中“they were from very different worlds”可知，男孩和我們的世界離得很遠，但卻不得不融入其中。
答案： B
3．解析： 根據上文的“trying to make the machine...”可知，他試了幾分鐘后都沒有成功。attempt嘗試，符合語境。
答案： C
4．解析： 因為幾次嘗試他都沒能把紙幣塞進機器，所以引來了其他人大聲的評論和嘲笑，laughter笑聲，符合語境，故選D項。
答案： D
5．解析： 根據上文的“several minutes’ unsuccessful________“可知，一直沒有成功的他會很失落。A項意為“失落，失敗”，符合語境。答案： A
6．解析： 根據轉折連詞“But”和下文“He wouldn’t leave...”可知，他決定克服這個困難。decide against決定不……，符合語境。
答案： A
7．解析： 根據上文可知，他想拿到他要的果汁。
答案： C
8．解析： 根據下文可知，一個受大家歡迎的高年級女生過來幫助他拿到了果汁，這是作者沒有想到的。extraordinary意想不到的，令人驚奇的。
答案： A
9．解析： 根據語境可知，一個高年級女生從座位上站了起來。
答案： D
10．解析： 根據下文可知，她幫助了男孩。因此，可推斷出她是帶著同情的表情，向這個男孩走過去的。sympathy同情。
答案： B
11．解析： 根據語境可知，她向那個男孩解釋……explain意為“解釋”，符合語境，故選A項。
答案： A
12．解析： 根據第二段第一句話中“trying to make the machine take his one-dollar bill”和語境可知，此處accept與“take”意思相同，意為“接受”。
答案： B
13．解析： 根據語境可知，她告訴他把錢放在哪里。place放置。符合語境，故選A項。答案： A
14．解析： 根據上文可知，她給了他一些零錢，他當然是把他的一美元紙幣給她。
答案： C
15．解析： 根據句意可知，主從句表示的是讓步關系，故選D項。
答案： D
16．解析： 根據語境可知，盡管他們來自完全不同的世界，但有一刻，他們是互相理解的。understanding理解，符合語境。
答案： D
17．解析： 根據下文“Neither of them was accpeted...”可知，他和一美元紙幣的命運是很相似的。
答案： C
18．解析： be supposed to be為固定搭配，意為“應該……”。
答案： A
19．解析： 句意為：正如美元已經在那位善解人意的女孩口袋里找到了位置一樣。根據第三段第三句話中“帶著同情的表情”可知，應用caring，意為“有同情心的”。
答案： C
20．解析： 作者相信這個男孩最終也會找到自己的位置的。eventually意為“最終，最后”。
答案： B
.閱讀理解
語篇解讀： 女人愛美的天性被時裝設計師和商人充分利用，他們不斷推出各種新款服裝，賺足了女士們的錢，而女士們為了美麗心甘情愿地被他們剝削。男士在時裝方面則顯得比女士更理性。
1．解析： 推理判斷題。第一段提到“因為她們一想到自己穿著過時的衣服出現在公眾面前就不寒而栗，所以總是被服裝設計師和大商場利用”，由此判斷，這些人利用她們追求衣著時尚的特點來賺錢，故選A.通過不斷改變女裝的時尚。B.通過無情地盤剝服裝加工行業的女工，C.因為他們能預測下一個季節的新款式，D.因為他們注重女裝的質量，都不正確。
答案： A
2．解析： 細節理解題。第二段說，女士們如果沒錢置辦新衣，她們就浪費幾個小時的時間來修改她們現有的服裝以追求時尚。由此判斷選C，作者覺得這樣做是浪費時間。
答案： C
3．解析： 推理判斷題。從第三段第一句可知A項錯誤；第三段說，女人為了美愿意忍受任何的不舒適，而沒有提到反映了她們“性格的力量”，故B項錯誤；文章沒有提到C項內容。從全文內容可知，作者覺得服裝設計師推出各種新款服裝的目的是賺錢，是“一年又一年無情地盤剝女士們”，由此判斷選D。
