小升初英語(yǔ)考試必看：閱讀理解高分技巧

　　小升初考試中，閱讀理解一直是家長(zhǎng)和孩子比較關(guān)心的話題。究其原因，一方面是閱讀理解題分值較高，是好的得分點(diǎn)也是孩子容易犯錯(cuò)的扣分點(diǎn);另一方 面，閱讀理解的出題面較廣，學(xué)生在備考時(shí)不容易把握出題點(diǎn)和理解做題技巧。其實(shí)，小升初的閱讀考試任其形式內(nèi)容千變?nèi)f化，也離不開其要考的基本做題技巧和 方法。下面，我就以實(shí)際模考例題為例子，對(duì)小升初閱讀理解的基本方法和技巧做個(gè)初步分析。孩子在考試時(shí)，對(duì)閱讀理解首先要把基本的一下3點(diǎn)步驟和次序牢記 心中：

　　1、在考試中(做閱讀時(shí))解題需要三個(gè)步驟，分別是：讀問題;讀原文;挑選項(xiàng)。

　　2、重要性依次是：讀問題 挑選項(xiàng)讀原文。

　　3、考試時(shí)操作的順序是：先讀問題，再讀原文，最后挑選項(xiàng)。

　　以下依次講解每個(gè)步驟的操作方法：

　　一、讀問題(做閱讀最重要的一個(gè)步驟。如果連問題都讀不懂，肯定做不對(duì)題)

　　把問題分為兩類：

　　1、需要記住的問題：凡是問題中涉及到原文具體內(nèi)容信息的問題，記住問題中的原文信息;重點(diǎn)放在記時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，大寫的詞或者名詞上 (原因：名詞在文中不容易改變)。要記的信息，能讀懂的盡量讀懂，實(shí)在讀不懂的記長(zhǎng)相，記中文就可以。記信息的目的是為一會(huì)兒讀原文做準(zhǔn)備(讀原文時(shí)主要 的目的在于找出問題中記住的內(nèi)容信息，對(duì)映處即為問題答案所在位置)，并且在讀文章前先對(duì)文章內(nèi)容有一個(gè)大概的了解。

　　2、不需要記住的問題：?jiǎn)栴}中沒有涉及到原文具體內(nèi)容的(換句話說就是不能用原文中某一處信息作答的題目)此類的問題有：主旨題(main idea)，中心思想題(From the text, we can learn that),作者態(tài)度題(The writer wants to tell us_)和判斷對(duì)錯(cuò)題。針對(duì)此類問題，讀文章前，重點(diǎn)放在含有原文內(nèi)容信息的題目上，一會(huì)兒做題時(shí)也是先做劃的題目，再做不劃的題目

　　二、讀原文

　　1、讀原文的主要目的：劃出解題所需要的內(nèi)容信息，包括：剛才讀問題時(shí)腦中記的原文信息(把問題中所問的東西在文中找出來);轉(zhuǎn)折詞: but, however, although, though;重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞或是絕對(duì)化的詞：none, only, all, everything, must, always;數(shù)字及序數(shù)詞。讀出整篇文章的大概方向及圍繞著什么東西說的。

　　2、開始讀文章

　　讀文章總則：從頭到尾讀，讀時(shí)腦中反映中文意思，但是按照英文單詞出現(xiàn)順序接受信息。讀的重點(diǎn)放在文章的段首句，轉(zhuǎn)折句和整篇文章的最后幾句。

　　三、解題

　　1、先做文中劃出對(duì)映信息的題目

　　第一步：關(guān)注問題問的是什么?(問什么答什么)

　　第二步：精確答案所在位置(在讀原文時(shí)中，我們已經(jīng)在原文中劃出問題中出現(xiàn)的具體內(nèi)容。但劃的那句話一定就是答案嗎?不一定。50%題目答案出在所劃定的那句里，但不是所有的情況都是這樣。因此，文章中劃的地方表明答案就在附近，但不一定就是劃的那句)。

　　第三步：根據(jù)找到的精確信息為依據(jù)，看四個(gè)選項(xiàng)哪個(gè)和精確信息最像，選哪個(gè)。

　　2、做完所有的劃出對(duì)映信息的題目后，再做不劃的題目

　　3、選擇答案的思路--答案是比出來的

　　每道題都要把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)通過對(duì)比得到答案。答案沒有對(duì)的，只有更好的。(拋開對(duì)不對(duì)的判斷思路，是因?yàn)椴磺笾来鸢钢詫?duì)的原因，選一個(gè)答案只是因?yàn)樗绕渌娜齻€(gè)更好)

　　4、考場(chǎng)上的解題思路

　　(1)做題時(shí)一定要客觀，不能主觀;判斷選項(xiàng)時(shí)，所有的判斷依據(jù)都來自原文，千萬(wàn)不要加入自己的想法和判斷。文章說什么就是什么。

　　(2)除非文章中作者有明顯的絕對(duì)化的觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)，否則選項(xiàng)中一旦出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)化的修飾詞立刻排除(all, none, everything/one, must, only，never，usually, always)

　　下面是一篇典型的小升初考試閱讀理解，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們按照以上講的方法試著在15分鐘完成這篇閱讀，再對(duì)答案，看看自己做得怎么樣。

　　(A)

　　One day a large rock (巖石) fell down from a mountain. The rock rolled (滾) down and stopped in the middle of a road in a village. It was like a big ball.

　　Some of the strongest men in the village tried to lift the rock. They did their best but they couldnt move it away. They tried to push it, they tired to roll it, they tried to pull it with ropes, but nothing worked. Well, they agreed, theres nothing we can do about it. Well have to build another road.

　　At the time a young boy about 12 years old was standing by. Excuse me, he said, but I think I can help you move the rock.

　　You? they shouted. What are you talking about? All of us have just tried, and even together we cant move it at all. The men all laughed at the boy.

　　The next morning some people came into the road. One of them shouted, The rock is gone. More people ran out into the road to see for them-selves. It was true. The rock wasnt on the road any more. It wasnt even near the road. In fact, no one could see the rock anywhere.

　　This is impossible. they said. Where has it gone? The twelve-year-old boy stood out, smiling. I told you I could move it, he said.

　　I did it last night. You see, he said. I dug a deep hole next to the rock and the rock rolled down into the hole by itself. Then I covered it with the earth.

　　1. What happened in the village one day? ________ fell down from the mountain.

　　A. A little boy B. A big rock

　　C. The strongest men D. Some people

　　2. The strongest men in the village could do nothing about the rock because ________.

　　A. they were lazy B. they were strong enough

　　C. the rock was too big D. they thought someone else could

　　3. When the villagers heard the boys words, they felt ________.

　　A. happy B. sad

　　C. surprised D. afraid

　　4. The next morning, the people in the village found ________.

　　A. the boy lost B. no rock on the road

　　C. the rock was still there D. the boy was digging a hole

　　5. From the story, we know that sometimes children are ________ than men.

　　A. stronger B. cleverer

　　C. more interesting D. more careful

　　答案：B C C B B

　　小升初考試中，閱讀理解一直是家長(zhǎng)和孩子比較關(guān)心的話題。究其原因，一方面是閱讀理解題分值較高，是好的得分點(diǎn)也是孩子容易犯錯(cuò)的扣分點(diǎn);另一方 面，閱讀理解的出題面較廣，學(xué)生在備考時(shí)不容易把握出題點(diǎn)和理解做題技巧。其實(shí)，小升初的閱讀考試任其形式內(nèi)容千變?nèi)f化，也離不開其要考的基本做題技巧和 方法。下面，我就以實(shí)際模考例題為例子，對(duì)小升初閱讀理解的基本方法和技巧做個(gè)初步分析。孩子在考試時(shí)，對(duì)閱讀理解首先要把基本的一下3點(diǎn)步驟和次序牢記 心中：

　　1、在考試中(做閱讀時(shí))解題需要三個(gè)步驟，分別是：讀問題;讀原文;挑選項(xiàng)。

　　2、重要性依次是：讀問題 挑選項(xiàng)讀原文。

　　3、考試時(shí)操作的順序是：先讀問題，再讀原文，最后挑選項(xiàng)。

　　以下依次講解每個(gè)步驟的操作方法：

　　一、讀問題(做閱讀最重要的一個(gè)步驟。如果連問題都讀不懂，肯定做不對(duì)題)

　　把問題分為兩類：

　　1、需要記住的問題：凡是問題中涉及到原文具體內(nèi)容信息的問題，記住問題中的原文信息;重點(diǎn)放在記時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，大寫的詞或者名詞上 (原因：名詞在文中不容易改變)。要記的信息，能讀懂的盡量讀懂，實(shí)在讀不懂的記長(zhǎng)相，記中文就可以。記信息的目的是為一會(huì)兒讀原文做準(zhǔn)備(讀原文時(shí)主要 的目的在于找出問題中記住的內(nèi)容信息，對(duì)映處即為問題答案所在位置)，并且在讀文章前先對(duì)文章內(nèi)容有一個(gè)大概的了解。

　　2、不需要記住的問題：?jiǎn)栴}中沒有涉及到原文具體內(nèi)容的(換句話說就是不能用原文中某一處信息作答的題目)此類的問題有：主旨題(main idea)，中心思想題(From the text, we can learn that),作者態(tài)度題(The writer wants to tell us_)和判斷對(duì)錯(cuò)題。針對(duì)此類問題，讀文章前，重點(diǎn)放在含有原文內(nèi)容信息的題目上，一會(huì)兒做題時(shí)也是先做劃的題目，再做不劃的題目

　　二、讀原文

　　1、讀原文的主要目的：劃出解題所需要的內(nèi)容信息，包括：剛才讀問題時(shí)腦中記的原文信息(把問題中所問的東西在文中找出來);轉(zhuǎn)折詞: but, however, although, though;重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞或是絕對(duì)化的詞：none, only, all, everything, must, always;數(shù)字及序數(shù)詞。讀出整篇文章的大概方向及圍繞著什么東西說的。

　　2、開始讀文章

　　讀文章總則：從頭到尾讀，讀時(shí)腦中反映中文意思，但是按照英文單詞出現(xiàn)順序接受信息。讀的重點(diǎn)放在文章的段首句，轉(zhuǎn)折句和整篇文章的最后幾句。

　　三、解題

　　1、先做文中劃出對(duì)映信息的題目

　　第一步：關(guān)注問題問的是什么?(問什么答什么)

　　第二步：精確答案所在位置(在讀原文時(shí)中，我們已經(jīng)在原文中劃出問題中出現(xiàn)的具體內(nèi)容。但劃的那句話一定就是答案嗎?不一定。50%題目答案出在所劃定的那句里，但不是所有的情況都是這樣。因此，文章中劃的地方表明答案就在附近，但不一定就是劃的那句)。

　　第三步：根據(jù)找到的精確信息為依據(jù)，看四個(gè)選項(xiàng)哪個(gè)和精確信息最像，選哪個(gè)。

　　2、做完所有的劃出對(duì)映信息的題目后，再做不劃的題目

　　3、選擇答案的思路--答案是比出來的

　　每道題都要把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)通過對(duì)比得到答案。答案沒有對(duì)的，只有更好的。(拋開對(duì)不對(duì)的判斷思路，是因?yàn)椴磺笾来鸢钢詫?duì)的原因，選一個(gè)答案只是因?yàn)樗绕渌娜齻€(gè)更好)

　　4、考場(chǎng)上的解題思路

　　(1)做題時(shí)一定要客觀，不能主觀;判斷選項(xiàng)時(shí)，所有的判斷依據(jù)都來自原文，千萬(wàn)不要加入自己的想法和判斷。文章說什么就是什么。

　　(2)除非文章中作者有明顯的絕對(duì)化的觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)，否則選項(xiàng)中一旦出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)化的修飾詞立刻排除(all, none, everything/one, must, only，never，usually, always)

　　下面是一篇典型的小升初考試閱讀理解，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們按照以上講的方法試著在15分鐘完成這篇閱讀，再對(duì)答案，看看自己做得怎么樣。

　　(A)

　　One day a large rock (巖石) fell down from a mountain. The rock rolled (滾) down and stopped in the middle of a road in a village. It was like a big ball.

　　Some of the strongest men in the village tried to lift the rock. They did their best but they couldnt move it away. They tried to push it, they tired to roll it, they tried to pull it with ropes, but nothing worked. Well, they agreed, theres nothing we can do about it. Well have to build another road.

　　At the time a young boy about 12 years old was standing by. Excuse me, he said, but I think I can help you move the rock.

　　You? they shouted. What are you talking about? All of us have just tried, and even together we cant move it at all. The men all laughed at the boy.

　　The next morning some people came into the road. One of them shouted, The rock is gone. More people ran out into the road to see for them-selves. It was true. The rock wasnt on the road any more. It wasnt even near the road. In fact, no one could see the rock anywhere.

　　This is impossible. they said. Where has it gone? The twelve-year-old boy stood out, smiling. I told you I could move it, he said.

　　I did it last night. You see, he said. I dug a deep hole next to the rock and the rock rolled down into the hole by itself. Then I covered it with the earth.

　　1. What happened in the village one day? ________ fell down from the mountain.

　　A. A little boy B. A big rock

　　C. The strongest men D. Some people

　　2. The strongest men in the village could do nothing about the rock because ________.

　　A. they were lazy B. they were strong enough

　　C. the rock was too big D. they thought someone else could

　　3. When the villagers heard the boys words, they felt ________.

　　A. happy B. sad

　　C. surprised D. afraid

　　4. The next morning, the people in the village found ________.

　　A. the boy lost B. no rock on the road

　　C. the rock was still there D. the boy was digging a hole

　　5. From the story, we know that sometimes children are ________ than men.

　　A. stronger B. cleverer

　　C. more interesting D. more careful

　　答案：B C C B B