英語四級(jí)詞匯解析9
代詞――物主代詞
1)物主代詞既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用,例如:
John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.
約翰割破了手指,顯而易見,他桌子上有個(gè)破玻璃杯。
物主代詞有形容詞性(my, your等)和名詞性(mine, yours等)兩種,形容詞性的物主代詞屬于限定詞。
名詞性的物主代詞在用法上相當(dāng)于省略了中心名詞的 ――s屬格結(jié)構(gòu),例如:
Jacks cap 意為 The cap is Jacks.
His cap 意為 The cap is his.
2) 名詞性物主代詞的句法功能
a. 作主語,例如:
May I use your pen? Yours works better.
我可以用一用你的鋼筆嗎? 你的比我的好用。
b. 作賓語,例如:
I love my motherland as much as you love yours.
我愛我的祖國(guó)就像你愛你的祖國(guó)一樣深。
c. 作介詞賓語,例如:
Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.
你應(yīng)當(dāng)按我所用的詞義去解釋我說的話,而不能按你自己的意義去解釋。
d. 作主語補(bǔ)語,例如:
The life I have is yours. Its yours. Its yours. 我的生命屬于你,屬于你,屬于你。
代詞――雙重所有格
物主代詞不可與 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等詞一起前置,修飾一個(gè)名詞,而必須用雙重所有格。
公式為:
a, an, this, that +名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。如:
a friend of mine.
each brother of his.
代詞――反身代詞
1) 列表
I you you she he
myself yourself yourselves herself himself
we they it one
ourselves themselves itself oneself
2)做賓語
a. 有些動(dòng)詞需有反身代詞
absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我們昨晚玩得很開心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 請(qǐng)你隨便吃點(diǎn)魚。
b. 用于及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+介詞
take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.
I could not dress (myself) up at that time. 那個(gè)時(shí)候我不能打扮我自己。
注:有些動(dòng)詞后不跟反身代詞, get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。
Please sit down. 請(qǐng)坐。
3) 作表語; 同位語
be oneself: I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。
4) 在不強(qiáng)調(diào)的情況下,but, except, for 等介詞后賓語用反身代詞或人稱代詞賓格均可。如:
No one but myself (me) is hurt.
注意:
a. 反身代詞本身不能單獨(dú)作主語。
?。ㄥe(cuò)) Myself drove the car.
?。▽?duì)) I myself drove the car. 我自己開車。
b. 但在and, or, nor連接的并列主語中,第二個(gè)主語可用反身代詞,特別是myself 作主語。
Charles and myself saw it.
5)第二人稱作賓語,要用反身代詞。
You should be proud of yourself. 你應(yīng)為自己感到驕傲。
代詞――物主代詞
1)物主代詞既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用,例如:
John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.
約翰割破了手指,顯而易見,他桌子上有個(gè)破玻璃杯。
物主代詞有形容詞性(my, your等)和名詞性(mine, yours等)兩種,形容詞性的物主代詞屬于限定詞。
名詞性的物主代詞在用法上相當(dāng)于省略了中心名詞的 ――s屬格結(jié)構(gòu),例如:
Jacks cap 意為 The cap is Jacks.
His cap 意為 The cap is his.
2) 名詞性物主代詞的句法功能
a. 作主語,例如:
May I use your pen? Yours works better.
我可以用一用你的鋼筆嗎? 你的比我的好用。
b. 作賓語,例如:
I love my motherland as much as you love yours.
我愛我的祖國(guó)就像你愛你的祖國(guó)一樣深。
c. 作介詞賓語,例如:
Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.
你應(yīng)當(dāng)按我所用的詞義去解釋我說的話,而不能按你自己的意義去解釋。
d. 作主語補(bǔ)語,例如:
The life I have is yours. Its yours. Its yours. 我的生命屬于你,屬于你,屬于你。
代詞――雙重所有格
物主代詞不可與 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等詞一起前置,修飾一個(gè)名詞,而必須用雙重所有格。
公式為:
a, an, this, that +名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。如:
a friend of mine.
each brother of his.
代詞――反身代詞
1) 列表
I you you she he
myself yourself yourselves herself himself
we they it one
ourselves themselves itself oneself
2)做賓語
a. 有些動(dòng)詞需有反身代詞
absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我們昨晚玩得很開心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 請(qǐng)你隨便吃點(diǎn)魚。
b. 用于及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+介詞
take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.
I could not dress (myself) up at that time. 那個(gè)時(shí)候我不能打扮我自己。
注:有些動(dòng)詞后不跟反身代詞, get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。
Please sit down. 請(qǐng)坐。
3) 作表語; 同位語
be oneself: I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。
4) 在不強(qiáng)調(diào)的情況下,but, except, for 等介詞后賓語用反身代詞或人稱代詞賓格均可。如:
No one but myself (me) is hurt.
注意:
a. 反身代詞本身不能單獨(dú)作主語。
(錯(cuò)) Myself drove the car.
?。▽?duì)) I myself drove the car. 我自己開車。
b. 但在and, or, nor連接的并列主語中,第二個(gè)主語可用反身代詞,特別是myself 作主語。
Charles and myself saw it.
5)第二人稱作賓語,要用反身代詞。
You should be proud of yourself. 你應(yīng)為自己感到驕傲。