2023年四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話題型歸類和應(yīng)試策略
為了快速提高廣大考生聽(tīng)力能力，整理了以下四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話題型歸類及應(yīng)試策略。
數(shù)字與計(jì)算題
數(shù)字與計(jì)算是早年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)統(tǒng)考中的聽(tīng)力測(cè)試的最?？柬?xiàng)目之一，
常見(jiàn)的計(jì)算題包括時(shí)間、價(jià)格、年齡、距離、速度等。出題形式可分為計(jì)
算型、辨認(rèn)型和替換型。以加減計(jì)算題為主。
相關(guān)詞匯與表達(dá)：more， less ， late ， early， fast ， slow ， ahead
of schedule ， delay， postpone ， decrease ， bring forward， times，
twice ， double ， a quarter， a half ， the day before yesterday ， by
noon， half an hour
「例一」
A ) $1.40 B) $4.30 C) $6.40 D) $8.60
W ： Here is a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight
s show， please.
M ： Sure. Two tickets and here s a dollar forty cents change.
Q ： How much does one ticket cost?
「例二」
A ) 5：10. B ) 5：00. C ) 4：30. D ) 5：15.
M ： I wonder if Sue will be here by five o clock.
W ： Her husband said she left home at half past four. She should
be here at ten after five
and a quarter past five at the latest.
Q ： What time did Sue leave home ?
職業(yè)、身份和相互關(guān)系題
這種類型的題目相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單。首先，四個(gè)選擇往往是4 種不同職業(yè)或者是
表示兩個(gè)對(duì)話者之間關(guān)系的詞。如husband and wife， boss and secretary ，
librarian and student 或customer and repairman等。選擇項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)決定了提
問(wèn)的內(nèi)容。了解這一點(diǎn)后，在聽(tīng)音過(guò)程中，就可以把注意力集中到一些關(guān)鍵詞或
詞組上，以便作出準(zhǔn)確判斷。其次，提問(wèn)的方式比較單一固定。
1 、常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式是：
Whats the man/ woman?
What does the man/ woman do ?
Whats the man s /womans job/ profession/ occupation ?
Whats the probable relationship between the man and woman ?
Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?
在聽(tīng)音過(guò)程中，只需集中注意力聽(tīng)清對(duì)話，根據(jù)對(duì)話提供的有效信息，便可
以比較快地作出正確選擇。
2 、相關(guān)詞匯和表達(dá)：
1 、營(yíng)業(yè)員與顧客
What can I do for you ? / on sale/ Can I help you? / out of style/
ready-made/ receipt/ check-out stand/ size/ color/ fit/ look round
2 、飯店服務(wù)員與顧客
menu/ seasoning/ order/ treat/ go Dutch/ steak/ ham/ bill/ Dutch Treat/reserve/
make a reservation
3 、圖書(shū)管理員與學(xué)生
borrow/ renew/ library card/ library catalogue/ loan desk/ due/ overdue/
fine/ finish reading
4 、醫(yī)生與病人
Whats wrong ?/ What seems to be the symptom?/ Whats the matter?
/ indigestion/ stomache/ be operated on/ give an injection/ chest
pain/ feel worn out
5 、教師與學(xué)生
tuition/ registration/ required course/ compulsory course/ optional
course/ elective course/ drop out/ quit school/ credits/ attendance/pass
course
6 、空姐與乘客
take off/ board/ fasten seatbelt/ land/ depart/ departure time /extinguish
cigarettes
7 、老板與秘書(shū)
copy/ make arrangement/ break down/ inform
「例一」
A ) Husband and wife. B) Father and daughter
C ) Doctor and patient. D) Teacher and student.
W ： Have you found anything wrong with my stomach?
M ： Not yet. I m still examining. Ill let you know the result
next week.
Q ： What s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?
「例二」
A ) A railway porter. B) A taxi driver.
C ) A bus conductor. D ) A postal clerk.
W ： Excuse me， Sir， Im going to send this parcel to London. What
s the postage for it?
M ： Let me see. It s one pound and fifty.
Q ： Who is the woman most probably speaking to ?
「例三」
A ) Colleagues. C) Employer and employee.
B ) Husband and wife. D) Mother and son.
W ： John ， what are you doing on your computer? Dont you remember
your promise?
M ： This is not a game. It s only a cross word puzzle that helps
increase my vocabulary.
Q ： What is the probable relationship between the speakers ?
為了快速提高廣大考生聽(tīng)力能力，整理了以下四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話題型歸類及應(yīng)試策略。
因果關(guān)系題
提高這類測(cè)試題的應(yīng)試能力，考生必須學(xué)會(huì)分析選擇項(xiàng)。根據(jù)選擇項(xiàng)特征確
定測(cè)試的具體類型。即該題是就原因提問(wèn)還是就結(jié)果進(jìn)行提高;同時(shí)根據(jù)選擇項(xiàng)
中的主語(yǔ)、人稱代詞的性質(zhì)明確聽(tīng)音的重點(diǎn)，即是集中注意力聽(tīng)男聲部分還是女
士的談話。就原因提問(wèn)的測(cè)試題，其選擇項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)較為明顯，通常都由because 引
導(dǎo)。但也不不少含蓄型的題目。這類測(cè)試題的選擇項(xiàng)沒(méi)有because ，不過(guò)，只要
認(rèn)真分析一下選擇項(xiàng)的謂語(yǔ)部分也能加以確定。
「例一」
A ) He must meet his teacher. B) He must attend a class.
C ) He must go out with his girlfriend. D) He must stay at school
to finish his homework.
W ： John ， do you want to go swimming with me today ?
M ： Sure ， but I cant leave now. I have an appointment with my
professor at three oclock.
Q ： Why cant John go swimming now?
「例二」
A ) He doesn t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.
B ) He doesn t think he is capable of doing the job.
C ) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.
D ) He wants to spend more time with his family.
W ： If I were you， I would have accepted the job.
M ： I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business
trips away from my
family.
Q ： why didn t the man accept the job?
地點(diǎn)與場(chǎng)所題
地點(diǎn)與場(chǎng)所類的題目主要要求考生判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)，或判斷對(duì)話中某一
方要去的地方，以及判斷第三者所在的位置等。這類測(cè)試通常比較簡(jiǎn)單，提問(wèn)的
方式比較單一，選擇項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)明顯，一般四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都是表示地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)。
1 、常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式是：
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
Where are the two speakers now?
Where do you think this conversation most probably take place ?
Where is the man/ woman going ?
Where is Mary now ?
2 、相關(guān)詞匯和表達(dá)：
Hotel ： room service ， double room; reservation， front desk ，
bathroom reception， single room
Restaurant： menu ， steak， order， salad， soft drink ， dessert，
soup， go Dutch ， beef ， mutton ， reservation
Library ： borrow ， over-due ， lend ， fine ， renew， catalogue，
due ， shelf， volumn
Post office ： mail ， parcel ， airmail， registered letter， post
，postage
Store ： size ， fashion， color， cash ， department ， counter，
check out ， on sale， of the same price. bargain
Bank： open an account， draw on ones account ， cash a check ，
current account ， fixed deposit
Hospital： fever， pills， cough， tablet ， headache ， take medicine，
stomachache ， temperature， prescribe
School： Bachelor s degree， Master s degree， Doctor s degree，
dormitory ， semester ， required course， elective/ optional course，
credit， exam.
Plane ： flight ， seat belt， take off ， land ， extinguish cigarettes，
boarding.
「例一」
A ) At home. B ) At the riverside.
C ) At the health center. D) At his office.
M ： Hello， this is John Hopkins at the Riverside Health center.
I d like to speak to Mr. Jones.
W ： Im sorry ， Mr. Hopkins， my husband isn t at home. But I
can give you his office phone number. He wont be back until 6 o clock.
Q ： Where does Mrs. Jones think her husband is now ?
為了快速提高廣大考生聽(tīng)力能力，整理了以下四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話題型歸類及應(yīng)試策略。
「例二」
A ) In a bank. B ) In a school.
C ) In a clothing store. D ) In a barbershop.
W ： You seem very confident about the job interview， dont you ?
M ： Yes， I feel ready for it. I bought a good suit in the clothing
store. I had my hair cut. I have studied almost everything about finance
and economics.
Q ： Where is the man probably going to work?
「例三」
A ) At a booking office. B ) In a Hong Kong hotel.
C ) On a busy street. D) At an airport.
W ： Can I help you ， Sir?
M ： Yes. Can you show me the way to gate 9 for flight 901 to Hong
Kong? Im quite confused here.
Q ： Where does the conversation most probably take place ?
態(tài)度與反應(yīng)題
涉及的主要是對(duì)話中男女雙方對(duì)某人某事的看法。主要測(cè)試考生分析判斷能力。四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都有比較明顯的特點(diǎn)，即選擇項(xiàng)中往往出現(xiàn)表示人的情感或態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或形容詞等。如：be afraid ， think， believe， feel ， like 等。
另外，在選擇項(xiàng)中常會(huì)出現(xiàn)表明人的喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等情感的形容詞，如：
excited ，bored 等。有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)描述事物性質(zhì)的詞，如： big， small， cheap，等。
常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：
What does the man/ woman think of ?
Whats their opinion of?
How did the man /woman feel about ?
How did the man / woman feel?
值得提醒的是，聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中還有一種特殊現(xiàn)象。對(duì)話中的另一方并不直接說(shuō)出自己的看法，而是用also， too， neither， either ，
so， the same 來(lái)表明自己的態(tài)度。在這種情況下，就必須聽(tīng)清第一個(gè)人的講話
并準(zhǔn)確理解其態(tài)度，只有這樣才能作出正確選擇。
「例一」
A ) On the whole ， she liked the film.
B ) She didn t see the film.
C ) The film was very exciting.
D ) The film wasnt as good as shed expected.
M ： Did you like the film?
W ： Not particularly. I was rather disappointed. I d expected it to be much more exciting
Q ： What can we learn from this conversation ?
「例二」
A ) He wishes to have more courses like it.
B ) He finds it hard to follow the teacher.
C ) He wishes the teacher would talk more.
D ) He doesn t like the teachers accent.
W ： You took an optional course this semester， didn t you ? How
is it going ?
M ： Terrible ! It seems like the more the professor talks ， the
less I understand.
Q ： How did the man feel about the course?
「例三」
A ) The man went to the concert，but the woman didnt .
B ) The woman went to the concert，but the man didnt .
C ) The speakers did not go to the concert.
D ) Both speakers went to the concert.
M ： You didn t go to the concert last night either ， did you?
W ： No ， I had a slight headache.
Q ： What can we learn from this conversation ?
為了快速提高廣大考生聽(tīng)力能力，整理了以下四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話題型歸類及應(yīng)試策略。
肯定與否定題
聽(tīng)力測(cè)試題有很多對(duì)話常通過(guò)某種否定形式來(lái)表示肯定含義，或是利用肯定
形式表示否定意義。其目的是考查學(xué)生的快速反應(yīng)能力和基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握的程度。
1 、常見(jiàn)的以否定形式表示肯定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)有：
cannot wait+不定式或can hardly wait+不定式;
cannot與much
連用;cannot help doing ;cannot
but do;cannot help but do;have no choice/
alternative but to do ;nothing but
;另外，還可以通過(guò)各種比較結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示肯定含義，最常用的有：nothing
less than ;more A than B ;less A than B
;not so much A as B;A not soas B，
表達(dá)的正好是原結(jié)構(gòu)中形容詞或副詞的反義。
2 、常見(jiàn)的以肯定表示否定的意義的有：
anything but;used to ;too toprefertowould ratherthan
「例一」
A ) She is going to give up biology.
B ) She spends half of her time on biology.
C ) To her ， biology is difficult ， but math is not.
D ) To her ， math is even more difficult than biology.
M ： What do you think of biology ?
W ： It s given me a hard time， though it is not as difficult as
math.
Q ： What can we learn about the woman?
「例二」
A ) She is eager to know what the present is.
B ) She is not anxious to know what it is.
C ) She doesnt now what she is asked to wait for.
D ) She really doesn t care about the present.
M ： What did your parents buy you for your birthday?
W ： I dont know. But I can hardly wait to see it.
Q ： What does the woman mean ?
計(jì)劃與行動(dòng)題
行動(dòng)類題是四級(jí)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中最常見(jiàn)的題型之一。題量較大。
