專家解析SAT閱讀中假設題的解題思路

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專家解析SAT閱讀中假設題的解題思路

　　在SAT閱讀中的假設類題題面的基本特征就是含有一個詞assumption。通常題目會問文章的某幾行，是基于什么樣的一個假設。既然是問一個假設，那么顯然就是問原文能夠成立的條件是怎樣的。在SAT的閱讀考試當中，通常能在出題點看到的是導致的某個結果，或可達到的某個目的。比如問一個方法基于什么樣的假設，意思就是說要達到某個目的，這樣的方法為什么能夠有效。

　　具體思路為，若把原文看成B，選項看成A，那么A是B的假設，意思就是說若A成立B就一定成立，而若B成立A不一定成立。比如說，你想長壽，就要少抽煙少喝酒，這句話基于什么假設就是只要少抽煙少喝酒就一定能長壽。

　　做題的時候，理解出題點后要對自己提問為什么出題點的內容能夠成立，在五個選項中找到一個選項，能夠符合這個提問。

　　例如OG中900頁：

　　My physiotherapist expressed himself similarly: Adaptation follows a different path in each person. The nervous system creates its own paths. You are the neurologist-you must see this all the time.

　　The physiotherapists remarks reveal the assumption that

　　A. patients have complete control over the progress of their recovery

　　B. each neurologist follows a different path to understanding

　　C. all neurologists are aware of the nervous systems adaptability

　　D. the author is inadequately informed about the intricacies of the muscular system

　　E. some neurologists consider both healthy and injured brain processes to be parallel

　　題目問理療師的話揭示了一個什么假設。理療師的意思是：適應對于每個人來說都是基于不同的路徑的。神經系統創建了它自己的路徑，你就是那個神經學家，你必須時時刻刻看到這一點。意思也就是說你作為一個神經學家，必須時刻了解神經系統創建不同的適應的不同路徑。理解選項后可以發現，只有C選項所有的神經學家都對神經系統的適應性有意識成立時，這句話才是能夠成立的，其他的都為不相關項。

　　再如2007年5月的真題：

　　1. I had been trained in the tradition of acting called psychological realism. A basic tenet of psychological realism is that characters live inside of you and that you create a lifelike portrayal of the character through a process of realizing your own similarity to the character. When I later became a teacher of acting, I began to became more and more troubled by the self-oriented method. I began to look for ways to engage my students in putting themselves in other peoples shoes. This went against the grain of the psychological realism tradition, which was to get the character to walk into a classroom of people in their real lives.

　　The authors explanation in the fourth paragraph suggests that the self-oriented method rests on the assumption that

　　A. audience members appreciate complex nuance of character

　　B. the playwrights biography provides the main evidence for interpreting character

　　C. actors have already felt the full range of human emotions

　　D. actors are extremely independent and self-serving people.

　　E. Actors lives become fulfilled through their dramatic portrayals.

　　可以看到題面所問的self-orientedmethod就是文中說到的psychologicalrealism。而這個方法的一個基本理念就是角色就住在你體內，你通過一個實現自身與角色相似性的過程，來創造一個活生生的對角色的扮演。為什么這個方法能夠成立呢，為什么能夠通過實現自身與角色相似性的過程，來創造活生生的角色扮演呢?顯然，只有選項中的C選項演員已經體會過了所有人類情感成立，這一點才能夠成立。

　　從以上例題也可看出，假設題是不能排除極端選項的。由于是從選項能推出原文，通常的正解甚至都是帶有極端詞的。

　　在SAT閱讀中的這類假設題型不僅涉及到對于定位點句子的理解，其理解的原理還在一定程度上涉及到邏輯關系的推理，所以大家通過對上面例題的學習，在平時練習的過程中一定要掌握準確的解題思路理解與推理，找到準確的選項。