2023年職稱英語考試基礎篇精讀薈萃
Passage Twenty
The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.
Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.
The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
1. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to
provide more jobs for foreign workers.
slow down the rate of its development.
sell the oil it is producing abroad.
develop more quickly than at present.
2. The Norwegian Government has tried to
encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.
prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.
help the oil companies solve many of their problems.
keep the oil industry to something near its present size.
3. According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to
the development of industry.
a growth in population.
the failure of the development programme.
the development of new towns.
4. In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be
a large reduction on unemployment.
a growth in the tourist industry.
a reduction in the number of existing industries.
the development of a number of service industries.
5. Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because
they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.
their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.
their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.
they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.
Vocabulary
Norwegian 挪威的;挪威人
coastline 海岸線
recognition 承認;認識;贊賞
countryside 鄉(xiāng)下;鄉(xiāng)民
難句譯注
1. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.
【結構簡析】用兩個分號連接三句句子。
【參考譯文】一條新的法律限制人們僅在長長的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進行勘探考察;規(guī)定了石油生產限量;石油公司雇傭外國工人不許超出限定額。
2. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.
【參考譯文】由于將近百分之一百就業(yè)率，每個人都能看出形式發(fā)展中服務行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的大部分工人會跑到石油工業(yè)方面去。
3. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.
【結構簡析】復合句。在because狀語從句中that是定語從句修飾qualities。
【參考譯文】雖然農民和漁民并不占人口的絕大多數(shù)，可是他們都是人口的重要組成不分，因為挪威人在他們身上看到許多他們自豪地認為是挪威人的基本品質。
寫作方法與文章大意
文章論述挪威政府意欲控制石油工業(yè)。采用對比寫法。先提出政府新政策的種種限制。但石油工業(yè)有辦法對付。人們都認為限制難以長久。其次講述，從戰(zhàn)時起，挪威政府一直執(zhí)行開發(fā)北極圈北部地區(qū)的發(fā)展規(guī)劃，也取得成功。但石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始向南方進軍，北方政策可能會失敗。石油工業(yè)之影響超出北方，有些企業(yè)縮小，減少。最后一段是講爭論的焦點：石油對挪威生活方式構成了威脅，具體表現(xiàn)在對挪威理想的代表――漁民和農民的威脅。
答案詳解
1. B 減慢發(fā)展速率。文章開始就闡明挪威政府正竭盡全力把石油工業(yè)控制起來，制定新法律來限制勘探開采，限制產量，限制雇傭外國工人人數(shù)。
A. 為外國工人提供更多的工作。C.賣掉正在國外生產的石油。D.比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展更快。
2. D 使石油工業(yè)保持在接近現(xiàn)在的規(guī)模。
A. 鼓勵石油公司去發(fā)現(xiàn)新石油資源。B.制止石油公司雇傭來自挪威北方的人。C.幫助石油公司解決許多問題。
3. C 發(fā)展規(guī)劃的失敗。這在第二段最后一句：可是石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始把人們吸引到南方去，所以不出幾年，整個北方政策可能成泡影。
A.工業(yè)發(fā)展。B.人口增長。D.新城市的發(fā)展。文內沒有涉及。
4. C 現(xiàn)存工業(yè)數(shù)的減少。第三段開始可是石油工業(yè)的影響并不僅僅限于北方。近百分之一百的就業(yè)率，使每個人都見到發(fā)展的勢頭，服務業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的好多工人轉向石油工業(yè)。某些較小的工業(yè)，在從國外購進貨物更便宜的情況下，很可能會全部消失。這說明工業(yè)數(shù)減少。
A.大大減少失業(yè)。B.旅游行業(yè)增長。D.許多服務公司發(fā)展。文內沒有提。
5. B 他們的生活和價值代表了挪威人的理想。
A.他們組成了那么大一部分挪威理想。C.他們的工作對挪威社會的其他方面非常有用。D.他們認為石油是對挪威生活方式的威脅。最后一段第一句話：對石油真正的爭論點是它對挪威生活方式的一種威脅。并不是他們認為威脅。
Passage Twenty
The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.
Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.
The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
1. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to
provide more jobs for foreign workers.
slow down the rate of its development.
sell the oil it is producing abroad.
develop more quickly than at present.
2. The Norwegian Government has tried to
encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.
prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.
help the oil companies solve many of their problems.
keep the oil industry to something near its present size.
3. According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to
the development of industry.
a growth in population.
the failure of the development programme.
the development of new towns.
4. In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be
a large reduction on unemployment.
a growth in the tourist industry.
a reduction in the number of existing industries.
the development of a number of service industries.
5. Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because
they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.
their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.
their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.
they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.
Vocabulary
Norwegian 挪威的;挪威人
coastline 海岸線
recognition 承認;認識;贊賞
countryside 鄉(xiāng)下;鄉(xiāng)民
難句譯注
1. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.
【結構簡析】用兩個分號連接三句句子。
【參考譯文】一條新的法律限制人們僅在長長的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進行勘探考察;規(guī)定了石油生產限量;石油公司雇傭外國工人不許超出限定額。
2. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.
【參考譯文】由于將近百分之一百就業(yè)率，每個人都能看出形式發(fā)展中服務行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的大部分工人會跑到石油工業(yè)方面去。
3. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.
【結構簡析】復合句。在because狀語從句中that是定語從句修飾qualities。
【參考譯文】雖然農民和漁民并不占人口的絕大多數(shù)，可是他們都是人口的重要組成不分，因為挪威人在他們身上看到許多他們自豪地認為是挪威人的基本品質。
寫作方法與文章大意
文章論述挪威政府意欲控制石油工業(yè)。采用對比寫法。先提出政府新政策的種種限制。但石油工業(yè)有辦法對付。人們都認為限制難以長久。其次講述，從戰(zhàn)時起，挪威政府一直執(zhí)行開發(fā)北極圈北部地區(qū)的發(fā)展規(guī)劃，也取得成功。但石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始向南方進軍，北方政策可能會失敗。石油工業(yè)之影響超出北方，有些企業(yè)縮小，減少。最后一段是講爭論的焦點：石油對挪威生活方式構成了威脅，具體表現(xiàn)在對挪威理想的代表――漁民和農民的威脅。
答案詳解
1. B 減慢發(fā)展速率。文章開始就闡明挪威政府正竭盡全力把石油工業(yè)控制起來，制定新法律來限制勘探開采，限制產量，限制雇傭外國工人人數(shù)。
A. 為外國工人提供更多的工作。C.賣掉正在國外生產的石油。D.比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展更快。
2. D 使石油工業(yè)保持在接近現(xiàn)在的規(guī)模。
A. 鼓勵石油公司去發(fā)現(xiàn)新石油資源。B.制止石油公司雇傭來自挪威北方的人。C.幫助石油公司解決許多問題。
3. C 發(fā)展規(guī)劃的失敗。這在第二段最后一句：可是石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始把人們吸引到南方去，所以不出幾年，整個北方政策可能成泡影。
A.工業(yè)發(fā)展。B.人口增長。D.新城市的發(fā)展。文內沒有涉及。
4. C 現(xiàn)存工業(yè)數(shù)的減少。第三段開始可是石油工業(yè)的影響并不僅僅限于北方。近百分之一百的就業(yè)率，使每個人都見到發(fā)展的勢頭，服務業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的好多工人轉向石油工業(yè)。某些較小的工業(yè)，在從國外購進貨物更便宜的情況下，很可能會全部消失。這說明工業(yè)數(shù)減少。
A.大大減少失業(yè)。B.旅游行業(yè)增長。D.許多服務公司發(fā)展。文內沒有提。
5. B 他們的生活和價值代表了挪威人的理想。
A.他們組成了那么大一部分挪威理想。C.他們的工作對挪威社會的其他方面非常有用。D.他們認為石油是對挪威生活方式的威脅。最后一段第一句話：對石油真正的爭論點是它對挪威生活方式的一種威脅。并不是他們認為威脅。
