高考英語倒裝考點(diǎn)分類詳解
一、否定詞開頭的句子用部分倒裝：以含否定意義的詞語開頭的句子，用部分倒裝。常見的含有否定意義的詞語有never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, no, no sooner, by no means等。如：
1. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ________ such a beautiful place. (遼寧卷)
A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find
【分析】答案選A。因為否定詞nowhere else放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝，又是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。
2. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________ with each other. (全國卷)
A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarrelled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarrelled
【分析】答案選C。由否定意義的詞never once開頭，句子用部分倒裝;前一并列分句已經(jīng)提示要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。
3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ________ so happy! (北京卷)
A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt
【分析】答案選D。以否定詞never 開頭的句子要部分倒裝;過去(got the job )的過去，要用過去完成時。的過去，要用過去完成時。
4. Not until all the fish died in the river ________ how serious the pollution was. (全國卷)
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize
【分析】答案選A。以not until開頭的句子，主句要用部分倒裝。
5. Not a single song ________ at yesterdays party. (上海卷)
A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing
【分析】答案選C。以not等否定意義的詞開頭的句子要部分倒裝。
6. Little ________ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. (上海卷)
A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he caredcared
【分析】答案選B。以含否定意義的little開頭，句子要用部分倒裝;后文表明要用一般過去時，所以要用did he care。
7. Not until I began to work ________ how much time I had wasted. (全國卷)
A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize
【分析】答案選B。 not until引導(dǎo)的狀語置于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。
二、not only...but also...句的部分倒裝：not only...but also...前后連接兩個句子時，not only后的句子要用部分倒裝，但but also后的分句不用倒裝。如：
1. ________ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海卷)
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
【分析】答案選B。
2. Not only ________ interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it. (上海春)
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
【分析】答案選D。
3. Not only ________ polluted but ________ crowded. (上海卷)
A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; were the streets
C. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; the streets were
【分析】答案選C。
三、only加狀語放在句首時的部分倒裝：only+狀語位于句首時，要用部分倒裝，only后的狀語可以是副詞、介詞短語、從句等。注意：在only后作狀語的是從句時，從句不要用倒裝，要部分倒裝的是主句。如：
1. I failed in the final examination last term, and only then ________ the importance of studies. (重慶卷)
A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
【分析】答案選D。only+作狀語的副詞then放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝;又因為then就是指前一分句描述的這一過去時間，要用一般過去時。
2. ________ can you expect to get a pay rise. (北京卷)
A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
【分析】答案選C。題干是部分倒裝句，能使句了倒裝的只有C：以only+作狀語的介詞短語開頭。
3. Only when your identity has been checked, ________. ( 上海卷)
A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
【分析】答案選D。only+作狀語的when從句置于句首，要用部分倒裝，排除A和B;又因you與allow是被動關(guān)系，排除C。
4. Only when the war was over ________ to his hometown. (上海春)
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
【分析】答案選A。only加狀語置于句首，要用部分倒裝。
四、So / Neither do I之類的部分倒裝句：so / neither / nor表示前面所說的情況也適合于后者時，其句型是：so / neither / nor+特殊詞+主語。使句此句型需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：①內(nèi)容是肯定時，用so，內(nèi)容是否定時，用neither或nor;②特殊詞與前句中的情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或be相同，或根據(jù)前句的時態(tài)，用do, does, did;③特殊詞的人稱和數(shù)與其后的主語一致;④特殊詞本身沒有否定形式。本身沒有否定形式。
1. -I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! - ________. (廣西卷)
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I
【分析】答案選B。 前句中含never，是否定句，用neither，是否定句，前句中有would，后句應(yīng)重復(fù)would。
2. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence mans lives. (廣東卷)
A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there
【分析】答案選C。前句有否定詞no, 后句是用neither開頭的部分倒裝，排除A和B;又根據(jù)there be后的名詞end是單數(shù)，be用is，而不用are，所以只有C正確。
3. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, ________. (全國卷)
A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also
【分析】答案選B。nor和。neither不再與否定謂語連用，排除A和C;若D中also改為either也對。句意是：我不知道，我也不想知道。
注：如果是對對方所述內(nèi)容的肯定或贊同，盡管以so開頭，也不要用倒裝。此時，前后句主語指的是同一人或同一物，可譯作的確如此。如：
1. -You forgot your purse when you went out. -Good heavens, ________. (上海卷)
A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did
【分析】答案選B。此句是對對方的話表示贊同。句意是：天哪!我確實(shí)忘了帶錢包。
2. -David has made great progress recently. - ________, and ________. (上海卷)
A. so he has; so you have B. so he has; so have you
C. so has he; so have you D. so has he; so you have
【分析】答案選B。第一空是對對方的話表示肯定，不用倒裝;第二空是說你和David一樣取得了很大的進(jìn)步，用部分倒裝。
3. -It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night. -My God! ________. (上海卷)
A. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you
【分析】答案選B。對別人的話表示贊成的確如此不用倒裝。
五、省略if的虛擬條件句的部分倒裝：有were, should, had的虛擬條件句，省略if時，就將were, should, had移至主語的前面，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。如：
________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. (上海卷)
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
【分析】答案選C。Had it not been...是If it had not been...這個與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句省略了if，然后將had提到主語前。
六、So / Such...that中主句的部分倒裝：在so / such. . . that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，將so+adj. / adv. 置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。如：
1. So difficult ________ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (上海卷)
A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel
【分析】答案選D。以So+ 形容詞開頭的句子要用部分倒裝;由determined可知用一般過去時。
2. So ________ that no fish can live in it. (上海卷)
A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow
【分析】答案選C。
一、否定詞開頭的句子用部分倒裝：以含否定意義的詞語開頭的句子，用部分倒裝。常見的含有否定意義的詞語有never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, no, no sooner, by no means等。如：
1. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ________ such a beautiful place. (遼寧卷)
A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find
【分析】答案選A。因為否定詞nowhere else放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝，又是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。
2. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________ with each other. (全國卷)
A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarrelled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarrelled
【分析】答案選C。由否定意義的詞never once開頭，句子用部分倒裝;前一并列分句已經(jīng)提示要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。
3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ________ so happy! (北京卷)
A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt
【分析】答案選D。以否定詞never 開頭的句子要部分倒裝;過去(got the job )的過去，要用過去完成時。的過去，要用過去完成時。
4. Not until all the fish died in the river ________ how serious the pollution was. (全國卷)
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize
【分析】答案選A。以not until開頭的句子，主句要用部分倒裝。
5. Not a single song ________ at yesterdays party. (上海卷)
A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing
【分析】答案選C。以not等否定意義的詞開頭的句子要部分倒裝。
6. Little ________ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. (上海卷)
A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he caredcared
【分析】答案選B。以含否定意義的little開頭，句子要用部分倒裝;后文表明要用一般過去時，所以要用did he care。
7. Not until I began to work ________ how much time I had wasted. (全國卷)
A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize
【分析】答案選B。 not until引導(dǎo)的狀語置于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。
二、not only...but also...句的部分倒裝：not only...but also...前后連接兩個句子時，not only后的句子要用部分倒裝，但but also后的分句不用倒裝。如：
1. ________ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海卷)
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
【分析】答案選B。
2. Not only ________ interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it. (上海春)
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
【分析】答案選D。
3. Not only ________ polluted but ________ crowded. (上海卷)
A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; were the streets
C. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; the streets were
【分析】答案選C。
三、only加狀語放在句首時的部分倒裝：only+狀語位于句首時，要用部分倒裝，only后的狀語可以是副詞、介詞短語、從句等。注意：在only后作狀語的是從句時，從句不要用倒裝，要部分倒裝的是主句。如：
1. I failed in the final examination last term, and only then ________ the importance of studies. (重慶卷)
A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
【分析】答案選D。only+作狀語的副詞then放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝;又因為then就是指前一分句描述的這一過去時間，要用一般過去時。
2. ________ can you expect to get a pay rise. (北京卷)
A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
【分析】答案選C。題干是部分倒裝句，能使句了倒裝的只有C：以only+作狀語的介詞短語開頭。
3. Only when your identity has been checked, ________. ( 上海卷)
A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
【分析】答案選D。only+作狀語的when從句置于句首，要用部分倒裝，排除A和B;又因you與allow是被動關(guān)系，排除C。
4. Only when the war was over ________ to his hometown. (上海春)
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
【分析】答案選A。only加狀語置于句首，要用部分倒裝。
四、So / Neither do I之類的部分倒裝句：so / neither / nor表示前面所說的情況也適合于后者時，其句型是：so / neither / nor+特殊詞+主語。使句此句型需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：①內(nèi)容是肯定時，用so，內(nèi)容是否定時，用neither或nor;②特殊詞與前句中的情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或be相同，或根據(jù)前句的時態(tài)，用do, does, did;③特殊詞的人稱和數(shù)與其后的主語一致;④特殊詞本身沒有否定形式。本身沒有否定形式。
1. -I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! - ________. (廣西卷)
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I
【分析】答案選B。 前句中含never，是否定句，用neither，是否定句，前句中有would，后句應(yīng)重復(fù)would。
2. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence mans lives. (廣東卷)
A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there
【分析】答案選C。前句有否定詞no, 后句是用neither開頭的部分倒裝，排除A和B;又根據(jù)there be后的名詞end是單數(shù)，be用is，而不用are，所以只有C正確。
3. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, ________. (全國卷)
A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also
【分析】答案選B。nor和。neither不再與否定謂語連用，排除A和C;若D中also改為either也對。句意是：我不知道，我也不想知道。
注：如果是對對方所述內(nèi)容的肯定或贊同，盡管以so開頭，也不要用倒裝。此時，前后句主語指的是同一人或同一物，可譯作的確如此。如：
1. -You forgot your purse when you went out. -Good heavens, ________. (上海卷)
A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did
【分析】答案選B。此句是對對方的話表示贊同。句意是：天哪!我確實(shí)忘了帶錢包。
2. -David has made great progress recently. - ________, and ________. (上海卷)
A. so he has; so you have B. so he has; so have you
C. so has he; so have you D. so has he; so you have
【分析】答案選B。第一空是對對方的話表示肯定，不用倒裝;第二空是說你和David一樣取得了很大的進(jìn)步，用部分倒裝。
3. -It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night. -My God! ________. (上海卷)
A. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you
【分析】答案選B。對別人的話表示贊成的確如此不用倒裝。
五、省略if的虛擬條件句的部分倒裝：有were, should, had的虛擬條件句，省略if時，就將were, should, had移至主語的前面，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。如：
________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. (上海卷)
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
【分析】答案選C。Had it not been...是If it had not been...這個與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句省略了if，然后將had提到主語前。
六、So / Such...that中主句的部分倒裝：在so / such. . . that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，將so+adj. / adv. 置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。如：
1. So difficult ________ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (上海卷)
A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel
【分析】答案選D。以So+ 形容詞開頭的句子要用部分倒裝;由determined可知用一般過去時。
2. So ________ that no fish can live in it. (上海卷)
A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow
【分析】答案選C。
