否定轉移在英語中的應用
有這樣一個句子I dont think he is a good doctor.大家對這個句子有不同的翻譯：
1. 我不認為他是個好醫(yī)生。2. 我認為他不是個好醫(yī)生。哪個正確呢?2是正確的。那么1的錯誤在哪兒呢?這就是否定轉移在作怪。這一語法現象在英語中特別常見，它是將語義上屬于從句（一般為that clause）的否定詞轉移到主句中去。允許否定轉移的主句動詞在語義上可分為兩類：
一、表示看法的動詞：be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think等。如：
1. I ____ I_____ you before.
A. think; havent seen
B. didnt think; have seen
C. didnt think; didnt see
D. thought; not see
2. She _____ that we ____ anything.
A. didnt imagine；would say
B. dont imagine; say
C. doesnt imagine; would say
D. would imagine; would say（Keys: 1. B 2. A）
二、表示感覺的動詞：appear, seem, look like, feel as if, look as if, sound as if等。如：
1. The baby ____ appear to be awake.
A. dont B. didnt
C. doesnt D. could
2. It ______（看起來） like ______（天不會）going to rain.
（Keys: 1. C 2. doesnt look；its）
在以下特殊情況中，即使有允許否定轉移的動詞，也不能將其否定轉移到主句中。
1. I think是插入語，可看作與其他部分無關時。如：
I wish you were here, then, I think, I should not feel like this.
2. 主句中有情態(tài)動詞cant, mustnt, wouldnt等時。如：
I cant believe that they are married.
You mustnt think hes stupid.
3.由于cannot help doing, ought not, need not, not at all等短語的關系而把I think隔離時。如：
I think you ought not to walk at night alone, Mrs. Moore.
I think the angel is not at all in heaven. Redmond said.
4.由于受not justbut, just notenough, not much, not quite等以not為核心的副詞短語的影響，也不便把其否定轉移到主句中。如：
I think Im just not smart enough to make any sense out of for you.
But I think that Elizabeth was not quite so certain of it as I.
5. 句中含有no, never, nothing, nobody等否定詞時。如：
I should think you never have seen many.
I thought it explained nothing.
有這樣一個句子I dont think he is a good doctor.大家對這個句子有不同的翻譯：
1. 我不認為他是個好醫(yī)生。2. 我認為他不是個好醫(yī)生。哪個正確呢?2是正確的。那么1的錯誤在哪兒呢?這就是否定轉移在作怪。這一語法現象在英語中特別常見，它是將語義上屬于從句（一般為that clause）的否定詞轉移到主句中去。允許否定轉移的主句動詞在語義上可分為兩類：
一、表示看法的動詞：be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think等。如：
1. I ____ I_____ you before.
A. think; havent seen
B. didnt think; have seen
C. didnt think; didnt see
D. thought; not see
2. She _____ that we ____ anything.
A. didnt imagine；would say
B. dont imagine; say
C. doesnt imagine; would say
D. would imagine; would say（Keys: 1. B 2. A）
二、表示感覺的動詞：appear, seem, look like, feel as if, look as if, sound as if等。如：
1. The baby ____ appear to be awake.
A. dont B. didnt
C. doesnt D. could
2. It ______（看起來） like ______（天不會）going to rain.
（Keys: 1. C 2. doesnt look；its）
在以下特殊情況中，即使有允許否定轉移的動詞，也不能將其否定轉移到主句中。
1. I think是插入語，可看作與其他部分無關時。如：
I wish you were here, then, I think, I should not feel like this.
2. 主句中有情態(tài)動詞cant, mustnt, wouldnt等時。如：
I cant believe that they are married.
You mustnt think hes stupid.
3.由于cannot help doing, ought not, need not, not at all等短語的關系而把I think隔離時。如：
I think you ought not to walk at night alone, Mrs. Moore.
I think the angel is not at all in heaven. Redmond said.
4.由于受not justbut, just notenough, not much, not quite等以not為核心的副詞短語的影響，也不便把其否定轉移到主句中。如：
I think Im just not smart enough to make any sense out of for you.
But I think that Elizabeth was not quite so certain of it as I.
5. 句中含有no, never, nothing, nobody等否定詞時。如：
I should think you never have seen many.
I thought it explained nothing.
