高中英語語法:并列連詞與并列結構
并列連詞引導兩個并列的詞、詞組或句子。
1) and 與or
判斷改錯:(錯)They sat down and talk about something.
(錯)They started to dance and sang.
(錯)I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(對)They sat down and talked about something.
(對)They started to dance and sing.
(對)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析:第一句: and 連接兩個并列的謂語,所以 talk 應改為 talked.
第二句:and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式,第二個不定式往往省略to,因此sang 應改為 sing.
第三句:and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結構,因此whisper應改為whispering.
注意:and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。(or也有此用法)例如:
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance. 拿定主意,這次你會有機會的。
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一下,你會成功的。
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) bothand 兩者都。例如:
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 她彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
3) not onlybut (also), as well as不但而且。例如:
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
注意:not only but also 關聯兩個分句時,一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。例如
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜歡讀小說,甚至還會寫。
4) neithenor 意思為既不也不謂語動詞采用就近原則,與nor后的詞保持一致。例如:
Neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不該受指責。
語法連詞 表原因關系
1) for是并列連詞,不能置于含兩個并列分句的句子的句首,只能將其放在兩個分句中間。
判斷改錯:(錯) For he is ill, he is absent today.
(對) He is absent today, for he is ill.
2) so為連詞, therefore一般為副詞。例如:
He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game. 他的腿受傷了,不能上場。
I think; therefore I exist. 我思故我在。
語法連詞 表示轉折或對比
1) but表示轉折,while表示對比。例如:
Some people love cats, while others hate them.有些人喜歡貓,而有些人不喜歡。
典型例題
Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
Id like to, ___ Im too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
2) notbut 意思為不是而是,后面的用詞要遵循一致原則。
They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 這些不是動物的骨頭,而是人的。
答案D.but與前面形成轉折,符合語意。而表并列的and, 結果的so,原因的as都不符合句意。
并列連詞引導兩個并列的詞、詞組或句子。
1) and 與or
判斷改錯:(錯)They sat down and talk about something.
(錯)They started to dance and sang.
(錯)I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(對)They sat down and talked about something.
(對)They started to dance and sing.
(對)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析:第一句: and 連接兩個并列的謂語,所以 talk 應改為 talked.
第二句:and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式,第二個不定式往往省略to,因此sang 應改為 sing.
第三句:and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結構,因此whisper應改為whispering.
注意:and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。(or也有此用法)例如:
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance. 拿定主意,這次你會有機會的。
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一下,你會成功的。
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) bothand 兩者都。例如:
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 她彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
3) not onlybut (also), as well as不但而且。例如:
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
注意:not only but also 關聯兩個分句時,一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。例如
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜歡讀小說,甚至還會寫。
4) neithenor 意思為既不也不謂語動詞采用就近原則,與nor后的詞保持一致。例如:
Neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不該受指責。
并列連詞引導兩個并列的詞、詞組或句子。
1) and 與or
判斷改錯:(錯)They sat down and talk about something.
(錯)They started to dance and sang.
(錯)I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(對)They sat down and talked about something.
(對)They started to dance and sing.
(對)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析:第一句: and 連接兩個并列的謂語,所以 talk 應改為 talked.
第二句:and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式,第二個不定式往往省略to,因此sang 應改為 sing.
第三句:and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結構,因此whisper應改為whispering.
注意:and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。(or也有此用法)例如:
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance. 拿定主意,這次你會有機會的。
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一下,你會成功的。
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) bothand 兩者都。例如:
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 她彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
3) not onlybut (also), as well as不但而且。例如:
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
注意:not only but also 關聯兩個分句時,一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。例如
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜歡讀小說,甚至還會寫。
4) neithenor 意思為既不也不謂語動詞采用就近原則,與nor后的詞保持一致。例如:
Neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不該受指責。
語法連詞 表原因關系
1) for是并列連詞,不能置于含兩個并列分句的句子的句首,只能將其放在兩個分句中間。
判斷改錯:(錯) For he is ill, he is absent today.
(對) He is absent today, for he is ill.
2) so為連詞, therefore一般為副詞。例如:
He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game. 他的腿受傷了,不能上場。
I think; therefore I exist. 我思故我在。
語法連詞 表示轉折或對比
1) but表示轉折,while表示對比。例如:
Some people love cats, while others hate them.有些人喜歡貓,而有些人不喜歡。
典型例題
Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
Id like to, ___ Im too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
2) notbut 意思為不是而是,后面的用詞要遵循一致原則。
They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 這些不是動物的骨頭,而是人的。
答案D.but與前面形成轉折,符合語意。而表并列的and, 結果的so,原因的as都不符合句意。
并列連詞引導兩個并列的詞、詞組或句子。
1) and 與or
判斷改錯:(錯)They sat down and talk about something.
(錯)They started to dance and sang.
(錯)I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(對)They sat down and talked about something.
(對)They started to dance and sing.
(對)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析:第一句: and 連接兩個并列的謂語,所以 talk 應改為 talked.
第二句:and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式,第二個不定式往往省略to,因此sang 應改為 sing.
第三句:and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結構,因此whisper應改為whispering.
注意:and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。(or也有此用法)例如:
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance. 拿定主意,這次你會有機會的。
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一下,你會成功的。
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) bothand 兩者都。例如:
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 她彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
3) not onlybut (also), as well as不但而且。例如:
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
注意:not only but also 關聯兩個分句時,一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。例如
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜歡讀小說,甚至還會寫。
4) neithenor 意思為既不也不謂語動詞采用就近原則,與nor后的詞保持一致。例如:
Neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不該受指責。