09年中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)二詞匯2

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練習(xí):

一、根據(jù)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,使句意通順,語(yǔ)法完整

6.Can you come with us ?(we)?

7.These skirts are hers . Yours are over there.(she)?

8.Please take care of yourselves , boys and girls.(you)?

9.I don't think this is my frisby, though it looks like mine .(I) ?

10.Look at those books. Are they yours?(that)

二、根據(jù)首字母填空?

11.Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? ?

12.She asked us to help each other.

13.The old man can neither read nor write. ?

14.Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. ?

15.Please help yourself to some fish, Lucy.?

三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換?

16、A: The children played happily in the zoo yesterday.?

B: The children enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday. ?

17、A: He doesn't like mutton, and she doesn't, either.?

B: Neither he nor she likes mutton.

18、A: All the American people don't like sandwiches.?

B: Not all the American people like sandwiches. ?

19、A: They don't often hear the twins sing the song in the school.?

B: Neither of the twins is often heard to sing the song in the school.[ZK)]

四、單項(xiàng)選擇?

A. little B. few C. a little D. a few ?

(A)21、-Do you like Jane's new skirt??

-Yes, very much. I'll ask mum to buy for me.?

A. one B. it C. the other D. a ?

(B)22、The color of her skirt is different from of mine.?

A. one B. that C. it D. this ?

(B)23、Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming. like ball games.?

A. the others B. others C. the other D. other ?

(A)24、-I'll give the boys to eat.?

-Oh, I know, fish and chips.?

A. something English B. English something?C. anything English D. English anything ?

(D)25、-Shall I help you with the heavy box??

-No, thanks, I can do it .?

A. me B. my C. mine D. myself ?

(D)26、-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00??

-I don't mind. time is OK.?

A. Neither B. Each C. Any D. Either ?

- is full, too.?

A. you, Yours B. his, He C. yours, Mine D. hers, She ?

(D)28、-I've had enough bread, Would you like ??

-No, thanks.?

A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more ?

(A)29、There are many trees on sides of the river.?

A. both B. either C. neither D. each

(A)1、He has two bikes, one is new, is old.

A. the other B. other C. the others D. others ?

A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything ?

(B)3、 of them is going to play basketball with you this afternoon.?

A. All B. Neither C. Some D. Both ?

(B)4、-Can you tell me what a panda looks like?

-Look! This is a picture of .?

A. it B. one C. two D. some ?

(B)5、There are not many pears here, but you can take if you want to.?

A. few B. a few C. a little D. little

二、形容詞副詞

大多數(shù)的形容詞、副詞都有三個(gè)等級(jí): 原級(jí):比較級(jí): 比較...,更...一些最高級(jí): 最...

(A)1.構(gòu)成:(規(guī)則情況)情況變化方法例詞

單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞: 一般情況加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest

以字母e結(jié)尾加r, st nice-nicer-nicest

重讀閉音節(jié)、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí) 雙寫加er, est big-bigger-biggest

以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i加er, est early-earlier-earliest

部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more, most slowly-more slowly-most slowly

2.不規(guī)則變化,須熟記: good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthest

bad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least

(B)常見的使用情況

1.as as 和...一樣(中間用原級(jí))

2.not as(so) as 和...不一樣(中間用原級(jí))

3 than . ..比...(用比較級(jí))

4.有范圍修飾的用最高級(jí) 如:in, of, among或用從句修飾的

eg.⑴Winter is the coldest season of the year. ⑵This is the best film that I have ever seen .

5.比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) 意為越來(lái)越.eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful

6. The+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí) 越...就越... eg:The more, the better. 越多越好

(C)注意點(diǎn):1.形容詞最高級(jí)前一定要用the,副詞最高級(jí)前可省略。

2.可用much, a little, even, still等修飾比較級(jí)。

3.在比較級(jí)中為了避免重復(fù),在than后常用one,that,those等詞來(lái)替代前面提到過(guò)的名詞。

eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.

(D)掌握三種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換:

1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class.

2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isn't as interesting as that one.

=That film is more interesting than this one.

3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.

Which do you like _____, fish, meat _____ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and

此外,關(guān)于形容詞、副詞的內(nèi)容同學(xué)們還須掌握:

1.形容詞修飾名詞作定語(yǔ),跟在連系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)。

2.副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其它副詞 enough屬例外詞:形/副+enough to do enough+名詞

例如;She is old enough to go to school. 她夠上學(xué)的年齡了。

3.區(qū)別幾組易混淆的副詞: 也 too用于肯定、疑問(wèn)句 also 較為正式書面語(yǔ) either 用于否定句已經(jīng) already 常用于肯定句、疑問(wèn)句 yet 常用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句

不再 no (not any) longer 從時(shí)間上講 no (not any) more 從動(dòng)作上講

如此這樣 such 修飾名詞 eg: such a big box

so 修飾形容詞、副詞 eg: so big 單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自 alone 作表語(yǔ) =by oneself 孤獨(dú)的 lonely 可作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ) eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing ______ over there. (happy)

練習(xí)題

1.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill.

A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other

2.There isn't _____ in today's newspaper.

A. important something B. important anything C. anything important D. nothing important

3.-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sister's?

-No,Mum. It's not ______. It's ______. A.hers, my B. her, my C. Mine, hers D.hers, mine

4..The Changjiang River is the third __ river in the world. A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest

5. An elephant is _____ than a horse.

A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. much more strong

6. Which do you like _____, tea, orange or water? A.good B.Well C. Better D. Best

一、介詞

1.與形容詞搭配的詞組有: be afraid of (怕) be angry with (生某人的氣)

be away from (不在某地) be different from (與不同)

be good at (善于) be good/ bad for (對(duì)有益/有害) be interested in (對(duì)感興趣) be late for (遲到) be/get ready for (為作好準(zhǔn)備) be sure of (對(duì)有把握)

be worried about (為感到擔(dān)憂)

2.介詞后常用人稱代詞賓格和動(dòng)詞-ing形式

1)You must take good care of her. 2)Thank you for teaching us so well.

3.幾組易混淆的介詞

A. 在...之后 in + 一段時(shí)間(用于一般將來(lái)時(shí))

after + 一段時(shí)間(用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)) after + 一點(diǎn)時(shí)間(常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí))

如:The baby stopped crying after half an hour.

The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday.

B. for +一段時(shí)間 since +過(guò)去的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間

這兩者均用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),具體在時(shí)態(tài)部分,我會(huì)繼續(xù)向同學(xué)們講解。

C. be made of 用制成 be made in 由某地制造be made by somebody 由某人制成

D. in, on, at表時(shí)間 in 在某月(季節(jié)、年)等 eg:in 1996, in January, in summer

固定詞組:in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the end

on 用于指具體的某一天或?qū)Ｖ改骋惶焐衔纭⑾挛缁蛲砩系?

eg:on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16

at 用于具體時(shí)刻前和某些固定詞組中

固定詞組:at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time 注意:在表時(shí)間里,下列情況下一般不用介詞。詞組里有:next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all 以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow 前不用介詞。如:不能說(shuō) in tomorrow ,只能說(shuō) tomorrow 在明天

E. except +賓格/doing something 除之外 (不包括本身)

Everyone is at school today except Lin Tao. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) =Only Lin Tao isn't at school today.

F. 用通過(guò)交通工具 by plane

用語(yǔ)言 in English 通過(guò)媒介 on /over the telephone, on /over the radio, on TV

用工具手段 with a pen, with one's hands

G. between 在~和~(兩者)之間

between...and..., between the two... among 在...之間(三者或三者以上)

eg.Sue spent over two hours ___ her homework yesterday evening. A.on B.with C.at D.over

二、連詞

1.并列連詞 bothand 既~又~謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞

neithernor 既不~也不~含否定意義,(就近原則)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由靠近它的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定單復(fù)數(shù)。 eitheror 或者或者不是就是

and和連接兩個(gè)并列成分,連接謂語(yǔ)時(shí),兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致。

but 但是表轉(zhuǎn)折,不能與 though 同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中。

or 或者在否定句中,并列句中的列舉常用 or,而不用 and。 Eg: I have brothers and sisters.(否) I don't have brothers or sisters.= I have no brothers and no sisters.

2.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞

陳述句:that 可省略一般疑問(wèn)句:if /whether 是否特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞

3.引導(dǎo)原因狀從的有:because (不能與so同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中)

4.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞:

A. when(當(dāng)時(shí)候),as soon as(一就),notuntil(直到才),after(在之后),引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句,主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 Eg: I won't leave until he comes back.

B. since(自從以來(lái))引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句,主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 Eg:We haven't met each other since she left here last year.

C. while(當(dāng)時(shí)候,一邊一邊)它引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

Eg: My father came in while I was doing my homework.

5.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞: if 如果,引導(dǎo)條件狀從,主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。請(qǐng)區(qū)別于if是否相當(dāng)于 whether,引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定

eg:1)I don't know if it ____ (rain) tomorrow.

2)If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, I _____________ (not climb) the hills.

3)Joan and Mary haven't seen each other_____they left school five years ago.

A.as B.before C.after D.since

三、構(gòu)詞法

構(gòu)詞有法記無(wú)定法

一、利用構(gòu)詞法記憶:

1.合成法:note+booknotebook,school+yardschoolyard,book+markbookmark

2.派生法(即在詞根上加前、后綴記憶):

en-(使有)+courageencourage;inter-(one with another;face to face)+viewinterview;foreign+er(人)foreigner,play+er(執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的人)player,sharpen+er(執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的物)sharpener;library+(yi)an(人)li?brarian;miss(v.)+ingmissing(adj.),probable(adj.)+(l)yprobably(adv.),sad(adj.)+lysadly(adv.);compose(v.)+(ei)tioncomposition(n.),inform(v.)+(a)tioninformation(n.)

3.轉(zhuǎn)化法: know(v.)knowledge(n.)

二、意義關(guān)聯(lián)幫你記憶:

dictionary-words,umbrella-rain,library-book-shelf,kitchen-cook

三、英英解釋,溫故知新:

abroad-in or to another country,overseas;interview-meeting with sb.

說(shuō)說(shuō)記憶單詞的方法

詞是構(gòu)成句子的重要元素,詞匯量的多少在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中占有重要地位。今天我們講講怎樣記憶單詞。

一、把單詞放入句子中,在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中記憶單詞。如果一旦忘記詞義,就回憶它所在的句子。很多成績(jī)較好的同學(xué)都有一個(gè)體會(huì),抓住對(duì)句子的理解和背誦這樣一個(gè)關(guān)鍵,記憶單詞一般來(lái)說(shuō)是毫不費(fèi)力的。

二、將單詞按歸類的方法進(jìn)行記憶。把同義詞歸成一類,如 learn--study,between--among;反義詞歸成一類,如 left--right,high--low,strong--weak;或根據(jù)含義和用途把同一類型的詞歸成一類,如交通工具類:car,bus,ship,plane,truck,學(xué)科類:maths,science,art,geogra?phy,頻度副詞類:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,等等。這樣當(dāng)遇到其中一個(gè)詞時(shí),頭腦中出現(xiàn)的就是一組詞,這樣記憶單詞的效率就會(huì)大大提高。同時(shí),還可以掌握詞與詞之間的區(qū)別和各自特殊的用法,將平時(shí)極易混淆的單詞清楚地區(qū)別開來(lái)。

三、利用構(gòu)詞法記憶單詞。比如 happy(幸福的),加前綴un成為 unhappy(不幸福的),改y為i加后綴ness則變成了名詞:happiness(幸福);pea(豌豆)與nut(堅(jiān)果)可合成為peanut(花生)when(何時(shí))+ever(在任何時(shí)候)=whenever(無(wú)論什么時(shí)候)等等。

四、根據(jù)記憶與遺忘的規(guī)律來(lái)記憶單詞,即應(yīng)及時(shí)在第二天、第三天甚至以后再讀第一天記憶的單詞,定期作階級(jí)性的復(fù)習(xí),同遺忘作斗爭(zhēng)。要記憶單詞就不能怕重復(fù),重復(fù)也是記憶的一種好方法。

五、初中階段還有一個(gè)很實(shí)用的記憶單詞的好方法就是根據(jù)音標(biāo)即單詞讀音來(lái)記單詞。只要你首先根據(jù)音標(biāo)把一個(gè)單詞讀準(zhǔn)、讀對(duì),那么就可根據(jù)其讀音基本拼寫出該單詞。首先這要掌握一定的拼讀規(guī)則。比如dirty,根據(jù)音標(biāo)我們就能拼寫出d-ir-t-y(在非重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[i])。這種方法對(duì)于記憶字母較多的單詞尤其有效,如contribution,根據(jù)音標(biāo)我們可把它分成四部分來(lái)記憶:con-tri-bu-tion,這樣就能較快地記住單詞。

以系統(tǒng)的方式來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)記憶知識(shí)能起到事半功倍的效果。因此背單詞時(shí)我們一定要留心觀察,尋找詞與詞之間的關(guān)系,這樣將有助于我們記憶單詞?？傊?只要我們掌握一些科學(xué)的方法,并用心去記憶,就一定能記住英語(yǔ)單詞。

合成形容詞

英語(yǔ)中有許多種形式的合成形容詞,僅在初中階段需要學(xué)習(xí)使用的就達(dá)九種。現(xiàn)分述如下:

1.數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞。

如:20-minute 20分鐘的 It's 20-minute walk.步行20分鐘的路程。 second-class 二等的 That's the second-class room. 那是個(gè)二等房間。 500-word 五百字的

This is a 500-word composition. 這是一篇五百字的文章。

2.數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞。

如:8-year-old 八歲的 Mr Green has an 8-year-old child. 格林先生有個(gè)八歲的孩子。

3.數(shù)詞+名詞的ed形式。如:three-legged 三條腿的 Tom bought a three-legged table yesterday. 昨天湯姆買了一張三條腿的桌子。