中考英語語法while的用法
一、while用作名詞時,意為一段時間,一會兒。例如:
I stayed there for a short while.
(我在那兒呆了一小會兒。)
The postman came a shortwhileago.
(郵遞員剛剛來過。)
二、while用作連詞時,有以下幾種含義:
1.意為當時候,和同時,引導時間狀語從句。例如:
While I was watching TV,the bell rang.
(我看電視時,鈴響了。)
Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.
(梅梅邊吃晚飯邊看電視。)
2.意為雖然,盡管,引導讓步狀語從句。例如:
While it was late,he went on working.
(雖然很晚了,但他還在繼續工作。)
While he is in poor health,he works hard.
(雖然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作。)
3.連接兩個并列句子,表示對比關系。例如:
He went out for a walk,while I stayed at home.
(他出去散步了,而我卻呆在家里。)
I like singing while she likes dancing.
(我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞。)
You like sports,while I prefer music.
(你喜歡體育,而我更喜歡音樂。)
三、while引導狀語從句時,應注意以下幾點:
1.while引導的時間狀語從句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而while引導的讓步狀語從句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以從意義上加以區分。例如:
While he was tired,he went on working.
(雖然他累了,但他還是繼續工作。)
(while引導讓步狀語從句)
While he was tired,he would have a rest.
(他累了就休息一會兒。)
(while引導時間狀語從句)
2.while引導讓步狀語從句時,如果從句的主語和主句的主語相同,那么從句的主語和謂語動詞be都可以省略。例如:
While he was ill,he went there.(=While ill,he went there.)
(雖然他有病,但他還是去那里了。)
3.while和when都可以引導時間狀語從句,但應注意:while引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性的動詞;而when引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞既可以是延續性動詞,也可以是非延續性動詞。當時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞是延續性動詞時,while和when可以互相替換。例如:
While we were talking,the teacher came in.
(我們正在談話時,老師進來了。)
The bus had lef twhen we arrived at the bus stop.
(當我們到達車站時,公共汽車已經開走了。)
(arrive是非延續性動詞,因此,此句中的when不能用while替換。)
When/While we were having a meeting,our teacher came in.
(我們正在開會時,老師走了進來。)
(have是延續性動詞,因此,句中的when可以用while替換。)
4.while引導的狀語從句還可以表示某個動作正在進行的同時,另一個動作也在進行之中。例如:
While the teacher was speaking,the students were listening.
(老師講課時,學生們在聽。)
While he was writing,I was reading.
(他寫字時,我在看書。)
一、while用作名詞時,意為一段時間,一會兒。例如:
I stayed there for a short while.
(我在那兒呆了一小會兒。)
The postman came a shortwhileago.
(郵遞員剛剛來過。)
二、while用作連詞時,有以下幾種含義:
1.意為當時候,和同時,引導時間狀語從句。例如:
While I was watching TV,the bell rang.
(我看電視時,鈴響了。)
Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.
(梅梅邊吃晚飯邊看電視。)
2.意為雖然,盡管,引導讓步狀語從句。例如:
While it was late,he went on working.
(雖然很晚了,但他還在繼續工作。)
While he is in poor health,he works hard.
(雖然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作。)
3.連接兩個并列句子,表示對比關系。例如:
He went out for a walk,while I stayed at home.
(他出去散步了,而我卻呆在家里。)
I like singing while she likes dancing.
(我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞。)
You like sports,while I prefer music.
(你喜歡體育,而我更喜歡音樂。)
三、while引導狀語從句時,應注意以下幾點:
1.while引導的時間狀語從句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而while引導的讓步狀語從句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以從意義上加以區分。例如:
While he was tired,he went on working.
(雖然他累了,但他還是繼續工作。)
(while引導讓步狀語從句)
While he was tired,he would have a rest.
(他累了就休息一會兒。)
(while引導時間狀語從句)
2.while引導讓步狀語從句時,如果從句的主語和主句的主語相同,那么從句的主語和謂語動詞be都可以省略。例如:
While he was ill,he went there.(=While ill,he went there.)
(雖然他有病,但他還是去那里了。)
3.while和when都可以引導時間狀語從句,但應注意:while引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性的動詞;而when引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞既可以是延續性動詞,也可以是非延續性動詞。當時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞是延續性動詞時,while和when可以互相替換。例如:
While we were talking,the teacher came in.
(我們正在談話時,老師進來了。)
The bus had lef twhen we arrived at the bus stop.
(當我們到達車站時,公共汽車已經開走了。)
(arrive是非延續性動詞,因此,此句中的when不能用while替換。)
When/While we were having a meeting,our teacher came in.
(我們正在開會時,老師走了進來。)
(have是延續性動詞,因此,句中的when可以用while替換。)
4.while引導的狀語從句還可以表示某個動作正在進行的同時,另一個動作也在進行之中。例如:
While the teacher was speaking,the students were listening.
(老師講課時,學生們在聽。)
While he was writing,I was reading.
(他寫字時,我在看書。)