雅思閱讀:把握重點(diǎn)信息的技巧
1.When a paragraph starts with detail information
當(dāng)段落以細(xì)節(jié)信息開頭時(shí)，即首句出現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)性時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件等概念時(shí)，作者通常是要以細(xì)節(jié)信息來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題、觀點(diǎn)、或者引出一個(gè)判斷。所以該段落的重點(diǎn)信息往往會(huì)在段落的末尾出現(xiàn)。
在閱讀一個(gè)段落時(shí)，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)首句中出現(xiàn)了和文章標(biāo)題中的概念相比非常細(xì)分的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和事件等詞匯時(shí)，可以略過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)，直奔尾句尋找該段落的主題。下面以幾個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明。
例1：On 2nd August 1999, a particularly hot day in the town of Cirencester in the UK, a large pane of toughened glass in the roof of a shopping centre at Bishops Walk shattered without warning and fell from its frame. When fragments were analysed by experts at the giant glass manufacturer Pilkington. which had made the pane, they found that minute crystals of nickel sulphide trapped inside the glass had almost certainly caused the failure.
以上例子中，下劃線的語(yǔ)匯是細(xì)節(jié)信息的標(biāo)記詞，和文章標(biāo)題 The problem with toughened glass 相比是很細(xì)節(jié)化的。段落尾句中的黑體字是該段落的核心，是作者通過(guò)一個(gè)具體的事件引出的主題。
雅思考題經(jīng)常圍繞重點(diǎn)信息而出。就該段重點(diǎn)信息而出的考題是T/F/NG判斷題：
24、Little doubt was expressed about the reason for the Bishops Walk accident. Little doubt 對(duì)應(yīng)almost certainly
例2：Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands willl in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Todays holiday hotspots---too hot to live in or cisit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.
這個(gè)例子中的下劃線部分和文章標(biāo)題Adams wine相比較，是一些細(xì)節(jié)性的地點(diǎn)等概念。而文章最后一句話是針對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的總結(jié)和判斷。
所以我們?cè)陂喿x是可以規(guī)避許多細(xì)節(jié)中的生詞和復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從而節(jié)省時(shí)間，迅速為該段落匹配到正確的標(biāo)題：A pessimistic view of the future.
例3：In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.
上面段落的正確標(biāo)題是Rivers and seas cause damage。大家不妨可以從該段中體會(huì)一下迅速把握重點(diǎn)信息的技巧。
2.Distinguish between general and specific informaton
段落中的概括性信息經(jīng)常是一般的, 普通的, 綜合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大體上的的歸納和總結(jié)。段落中的細(xì)節(jié)性信息是對(duì)概括性原則、規(guī)律、判斷及陳述的展開和細(xì)化，表現(xiàn)為舉例、分類、階段性描述或者舉證。所以，概括性信息通常是重點(diǎn)信息?！ ?/p>
1.When a paragraph starts with detail information
當(dāng)段落以細(xì)節(jié)信息開頭時(shí)，即首句出現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)性時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件等概念時(shí)，作者通常是要以細(xì)節(jié)信息來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題、觀點(diǎn)、或者引出一個(gè)判斷。所以該段落的重點(diǎn)信息往往會(huì)在段落的末尾出現(xiàn)。
在閱讀一個(gè)段落時(shí)，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)首句中出現(xiàn)了和文章標(biāo)題中的概念相比非常細(xì)分的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和事件等詞匯時(shí)，可以略過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)，直奔尾句尋找該段落的主題。下面以幾個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明。
例1：On 2nd August 1999, a particularly hot day in the town of Cirencester in the UK, a large pane of toughened glass in the roof of a shopping centre at Bishops Walk shattered without warning and fell from its frame. When fragments were analysed by experts at the giant glass manufacturer Pilkington. which had made the pane, they found that minute crystals of nickel sulphide trapped inside the glass had almost certainly caused the failure.
以上例子中，下劃線的語(yǔ)匯是細(xì)節(jié)信息的標(biāo)記詞，和文章標(biāo)題 The problem with toughened glass 相比是很細(xì)節(jié)化的。段落尾句中的黑體字是該段落的核心，是作者通過(guò)一個(gè)具體的事件引出的主題。
雅思考題經(jīng)常圍繞重點(diǎn)信息而出。就該段重點(diǎn)信息而出的考題是T/F/NG判斷題：
24、Little doubt was expressed about the reason for the Bishops Walk accident. Little doubt 對(duì)應(yīng)almost certainly
例2：Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands willl in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Todays holiday hotspots---too hot to live in or cisit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.
這個(gè)例子中的下劃線部分和文章標(biāo)題Adams wine相比較，是一些細(xì)節(jié)性的地點(diǎn)等概念。而文章最后一句話是針對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的總結(jié)和判斷。
所以我們?cè)陂喿x是可以規(guī)避許多細(xì)節(jié)中的生詞和復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從而節(jié)省時(shí)間，迅速為該段落匹配到正確的標(biāo)題：A pessimistic view of the future.
例3：In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.
上面段落的正確標(biāo)題是Rivers and seas cause damage。大家不妨可以從該段中體會(huì)一下迅速把握重點(diǎn)信息的技巧。
2.Distinguish between general and specific informaton
段落中的概括性信息經(jīng)常是一般的, 普通的, 綜合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大體上的的歸納和總結(jié)。段落中的細(xì)節(jié)性信息是對(duì)概括性原則、規(guī)律、判斷及陳述的展開和細(xì)化，表現(xiàn)為舉例、分類、階段性描述或者舉證。所以，概括性信息通常是重點(diǎn)信息?！ ?/p>
