2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)15 Unit 5（人教版必修3）
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課時(shí)提升作業(yè)(十五)
必修3 Unit 5
Ⅰ. 閱讀理解
A
I’ve spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, I’ve learned a lot about getting around Indian cities. My biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw(人力車)drivers, but that doesn’t mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what you’re doing. Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams(欺詐).
Taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, you’ll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers. At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths. One is inside the airport, and one is outside. The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.
Rickshaws are one of my favorite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because it’s how the locals often travel. Auto-rickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in Old Delhi. If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. Auto-rickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on distance.
If you really want to travel around Delhi like the locals, take a public bus. Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. They are, however, very cheap. A bus trip won’t set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.
The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi. Fares are reasonable, between 6 and 22 rupees. All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees.
【文章大意】本文作者對于在印度德里旅行時(shí)提出了幾點(diǎn)交通方面的建議。
1. The author is trying to in Delhi through this passage.
A. give some advice on traveling
B. expect us to travel around
C. show his/her experiences
D. explain the difficulties of traveling
【解析】選A。推理判斷題。通讀全文, 我們可以看出, 作者在本文中給讀者提出了一些建議, 告訴讀者在德里旅行時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)。因此, 本文的寫作目的也就是要給讀者提出建議。
2. To avoid being cheated, you ought to if you want to take a taxi at the Delhi airport.
A. pay more to the driver to keep safe
B. show your ticket to the driver
C. go to a police-run booth
D. go out of the airport
【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句, 我們可以知道, 在機(jī)場搭乘出租車時(shí), 應(yīng)到警察經(jīng)營的攤位。
3. The author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to .
A. save some money
B. enjoy the comfortable trip
C. gain a unique experience
D. help the local rickshaw drivers
【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第三句, 我們可以知道, 作者建議乘坐人力車以獲得一種獨(dú)特的體驗(yàn)。
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. You won’t have to pay much if you travel around by bus in India.
B. It will be difficult for you to get a seat if you get on the bus halfway.
C. A rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him.
D. You’ll have to speak English if you travel around in India.
【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句, 我們可以知道, 為了上車后能有一個(gè)座位, 作者建議最好從起點(diǎn)站上車。這就意味著如果中途上車的話, 就很難有座位了。
B
When Peng Liyuan stepped off the plane in Moscow, the whole world wanted to know who dressed the elegant first lady. The reporter released the secret—Ma Ke.
Peng Liyuan has been wearing Ma Ke’s designs for more than a decade, a fact that was only highlighted recently when she was on her first state visit, accompanying her husband—President Xi Jinping. The elegant and attractive Peng, formerly a popular singer, has been compared with the US’ first lady Michelle Obama and France’s Carla Bruni-Sarkzy, since stepping off the airplane in Moscow on March 22. Suddenly, everyone was curious to know more about the first lady’s wardrobe.
Even so, Ma prefers a low-key approach. “If you eat a tasty egg why would you want to see the hen? ”she says of all the media attention.
Ma’s relationship with Peng began 10 years ago after a concert in Guangzhou when a reporter told Peng she knew the designer behind the label Exception de Mixmind. Peng asked for an introduction because she was a fan of Ma’s designs and had been wearing them for years.
The two naturally became friends. Ma says, “The painting reflects the painter, and clothes reflect both the designer and the wearer. Someone desires fame and wealth, or love and sympathy; what you have in your heart is reflected in the design. Those who don’t share my philosophy won’t buy my clothes. Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection, which is exactly what I’m doing now. ”
However, regardless of the brand, Peng’s support of Chinese labels has surprised millions of Chinese who favor foreign fashion brands.
“Instead she presented a vision of Chinese fashion, desiring to bring Chinese designers to the world stage, ”says a western designer.
The first lady’s double-breasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops, though Exception’s physical stores do have seen a rising number of visitors.
【文章大意】第一夫人彭麗媛第一次陪同習(xí)主席出國訪問, 她一身高貴優(yōu)雅的服裝吸引了世人的目光, 服裝設(shè)計(jì)師馬可也從幕后走了出來。
5. The passage mainly discusses .
A. the designer of the first lady Peng Liyuan’s dress, Ma Ke
B. the friendship between Peng Liyuan and her designer
C. Peng Liyuan’s clothes on her first state visit
D. the reactions to Peng Liyuan’s first visit to Moscow
【解析】選A。主旨大意題。本題的答案主要依據(jù)文章第一段, 因?yàn)榇藶橘Y訊類題材, 其主旨或標(biāo)題不在概括全文, 而是最吸引人的部分, 尤其是最后一句The reporter released the secret—Ma Ke. (記者揭開了主設(shè)計(jì)師馬可的面紗), 此句由reporter亦可判斷是一則資訊。
6. In the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Ma Ke mentioned“an egg and the hen”to show .
A. it is hard to explain“which came first, the egg or the hen? ”
B. paying such great attention to her was unnecessary
C. the outcome was more important than the process
D. her dissatisfaction with the media attention on her dress
【解析】選B。推理判斷題。在第三段提到馬可說的這句話, 再結(jié)合前一句中Ma prefers a low-key approach可以看出馬可是一個(gè)低調(diào)的人, 即對應(yīng)答案B。選項(xiàng)A說雞和蛋誰先出現(xiàn), 屬于無關(guān)選項(xiàng), 可排除; 選項(xiàng)C說結(jié)果比過程重要, 和馬可的為人不符合, 也不能推出; D說表達(dá)不滿, 不合文意。
7. In the passage, Peng Liyuan .
A. often reflects on what she has in her heart before choosing clothes
B. is sympathetic and has a strong environmental consciousness
C. always desires the exceptional charm of the brand
D. is knowledgeable in philosophy
【解析】選B。推理判斷題。第五段中Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection正好對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B中的有同情心的和強(qiáng)烈的環(huán)保意識(shí)。
8. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Peng wears the dress designed by a Chinese designer probably to support Chinese brands.
B. Many citizens found Peng Liyuan’s choice quite unexpected.
C. Black leather handbags like Peng’s are widely sold in bag stores in big cities.
D. After Peng Liyuan’s visit to Moscow Ma Ke’s clothes became more popular.
【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中The first lady’s double-breasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops可知選項(xiàng)C是錯(cuò)的, 即應(yīng)選C。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Have you ever wondered why some people are able to have confidence to spare when it comes to taking risks such as starting their own business or taking a year off to travel without an enormous safety net? The answer is that they’ve 1 the art of optimistic thinking. The good news is that 2 some people are simply born to be optimistic, anyone can 3 to take a more positive approach towards their life.
Optimists look for 4 outcomes. This doesn’t mean that optimists always jump into things carelessly and hope for 5 , rather that they do not let potential negative outcomes 6 the potential positive outcomes. By hoping so and having 7 that they can handle any negatives, optimists are 8 to take advantage of opportunities that come their way.
Optimists believe that their actions can make a 9 . They do not see their own efforts as being 10 . They understand that they do have the power to make things happen and take steps to make their dreams a reality. 11 , pessimists have a difficult time believing that what they do will make any difference and find it 12 to make any changes or take any action towards achieving a goal. They find 13 why something that has worked for others will not work for them and believe that anything they do is certain to 14 . This makes it difficult for them to get out of situations that make them 15 , such as a dead-end job that makes them miserable.
Optimists do not internalize(使內(nèi)在化)failure. When things don’t 16 for them, they don’t beat themselves up over it. They are able to accept failure as a part of life and try 17 with a positive attitude. They are often better able to learn from their 18 . When pessimists do take chances and fail, they have a hard time not 19 themselves and concluding that this is the way that it has to be. One 20 can leave them with a sense of being unworthy or completely at the mercy of others.
That’s why optimists become successful!
【文章大意】為何一些人在進(jìn)行創(chuàng)業(yè)等冒險(xiǎn)性活動(dòng)時(shí)充滿自信呢? 答案在于他們掌握了樂觀思考的藝術(shù)。
1. A. understood
B. mastered
C. studied
D. found
【解析】選B。前后照應(yīng)題。此句回答了文章首句“為何一些人很自信”。因?yàn)樗麄冋莆樟藰酚^思考的藝術(shù)。master意為“精通, 掌握”。
2. A. if B. because
C. unless
D. while
【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。好消息是盡管(while)有些人天生就很樂觀/自信, 但是任何人通過個(gè)人努力都會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)以積極的態(tài)度應(yīng)對個(gè)人生活。
3. A. respond B. continue
C. learn
D. return
【解析】選C。前后照應(yīng)題。既然有些人天生不很自信, 要想成為自信者, 必須通過后天的學(xué)習(xí)才能如愿。
4. A. positive B. possible
C. different
D. particular
【解析】選A。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)后面的positive outcomes可得到暗示。
5. A. the worst B. the least
C. the best
D. the most
【解析】選C。前后照應(yīng)題。這并不意味著樂觀者總是粗心做事, 只往好處想(hope for the best)。
6. A. overcome B. overlook
C. overload D. overtake
【解析】選D。前后照應(yīng)題。相反, 樂觀者不會(huì)讓潛在的消極結(jié)果壓倒(overtake超過)積極的結(jié)果。
7. A. faith B. work
C. trouble
D. control
【解析】選A。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。樂觀者相信他們能處理任何消極的事情。have faith與后面的believe意思相同。
8. A. eager B. unwilling
C. ready
D. likely
【解析】選C。前后照應(yīng)題。樂觀者很樂意利用所出現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì), 而不是像悲觀者那樣讓機(jī)會(huì)從身邊溜走。
9. A. change B. difference
C. fortune
D. fame
【解析】選B。固定搭配題。make a difference是一個(gè)常用詞組。上文提到, 樂觀者很自信, 所以他們相信自己的行動(dòng)會(huì)有影響/起作用/有意義。這從下文的make their dreams a reality和make any difference可得到暗示。
10. A. endless B. precious
C. special
D. meaningless
【解析】選D。前后照應(yīng)題。此句中的efforts與上一句actions意義相近, not. . . being meaningless與上一句make a difference相呼應(yīng)。
11. A. In fact B. In general
C. In contrast
D. In short
【解析】選C。邏輯關(guān)系題。in contrast與此相反。與此相反, 悲觀者很難相信他們的行為會(huì)產(chǎn)生任何影響。
12. A. rewarding B. amazing
C. difficult D. impossible
【解析】選C。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。這從前面的have a difficult time處可得到暗示。
13. A. excuses
B. causes
C. explanations D. faults
【解析】選A。詞語辨析題。悲觀者為自己的失敗找借口。
14. A. end B. start
C. fail
D. fall
【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。悲觀者認(rèn)為自己做的任何事注定都會(huì)失敗。
15. A. responsible B. unhappy
C. competitive
D. unclear
【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。從此題后面的miserable可得到暗示。
16. A. run out B. make out
C. work out
D. look out
【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。當(dāng)事情發(fā)展結(jié)果不如他們預(yù)期時(shí), 樂觀者并不為此而自責(zé)。work out是平時(shí)常考的動(dòng)詞短語之一, 在此意為“產(chǎn)生結(jié)果, 成功”。
17. A. hard B. out
C. again
D. instead
【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。樂觀者把失敗看成生活的一個(gè)組成部分, 即使他們失敗了, 他們也會(huì)以積極的態(tài)度重新嘗試。
18. A. experience B. mistakes
C. friends
D. faiths
【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。樂觀者善于從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)到東西。
19. A. blaming B. protecting
C. identifying
D. presenting
【解析】選A。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。此處對比樂觀者與悲觀者對失敗的態(tài)度, 從上文的they don’t beat themselves up over it可得到暗示。
20. A. case B. defeat
C. state
D. example
【解析】選B。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)上文的fail可知, 悲觀者的一次失敗就會(huì)給他們留下沒有價(jià)值的感覺。
【語篇隨練】多練一點(diǎn) 技高一籌
寫出A、B兩篇閱讀理解的大意。
Passage A: Passage B: ___________________________________________________________
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