2024屆高考英語一輪復習時態(tài)語態(tài)專題攻略：過去完成時（含解析）
1. 概念：表示過去的過去構成had +過去分詞
2. 用法
在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句中
She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她說她從來沒有去過巴黎。
2) 狀語從句為過去時，主句動作發(fā)生在前時
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到的時候，賊已經逃跑了。
3) 用hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等的過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
十二歲時，Edison就開始養(yǎng)活自己了。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
Tom趕到聚會地點時，大多數的賓客已經走了，他很失望。
4. 用一般過去時代替完成時
兩個動作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強調先后，或用thenand, but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。
When she saw the mouseshe screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2) 兩個動作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
5. 表示在過去某一時間或某一動作發(fā)生之前已經完成的動作，即“過去的過去”。
By the end of last termwe had learned 2,000 words.
到上學期末時，我們已經學了2,000個詞。
He had left before I got home.
他在我回來之前就走了。
6hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于過去完成時，表示未實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為原本。We had expected that you would be able to win the match.
我本以為你們能夠贏得這場比賽。
“It/This/That was＋the＋序數詞＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的從句用過去完成時。
It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.
這是他第三次犯同樣的錯誤。
8“hardly/scarcely...when...”和“no sooner...than...”結構中，主句用過去完成時。
Hardly had the game started when it started to rain.
比賽一開始，天就下雨了。
1. 基本概念的考查；
2. 和被動語態(tài)一起考查以增加難度；
3. 將空設在從句中。
1. 對“過去的過去”認識不清；
2. 受被動語態(tài)等因素的影響；
3. 有從句時主從時間的先后辨別不清。
1.The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ______ in the office.
A. had written; left?
B. were writing; has left
C. had written; had left
D. were writing; had left
2. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car.
A. has been
B. was
C. had been
D. would be
【答案及解析】
1. 概念：表示過去的過去構成had +過去分詞
2. 用法
在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句中
She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她說她從來沒有去過巴黎。
2) 狀語從句為過去時，主句動作發(fā)生在前時
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到的時候，賊已經逃跑了。
3) 用hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等的過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
十二歲時，Edison就開始養(yǎng)活自己了。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
Tom趕到聚會地點時，大多數的賓客已經走了，他很失望。
4. 用一般過去時代替完成時
兩個動作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強調先后，或用thenand, but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。
When she saw the mouseshe screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2) 兩個動作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
5. 表示在過去某一時間或某一動作發(fā)生之前已經完成的動作，即“過去的過去”。
By the end of last termwe had learned 2,000 words.
到上學期末時，我們已經學了2,000個詞。
He had left before I got home.
他在我回來之前就走了。
6hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于過去完成時，表示未實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為原本。We had expected that you would be able to win the match.
我本以為你們能夠贏得這場比賽。
“It/This/That was＋the＋序數詞＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的從句用過去完成時。
It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.
這是他第三次犯同樣的錯誤。
8“hardly/scarcely...when...”和“no sooner...than...”結構中，主句用過去完成時。
Hardly had the game started when it started to rain.
比賽一開始，天就下雨了。
1. 基本概念的考查；
2. 和被動語態(tài)一起考查以增加難度；
3. 將空設在從句中。
1. 對“過去的過去”認識不清；
2. 受被動語態(tài)等因素的影響；
3. 有從句時主從時間的先后辨別不清。
1.The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ______ in the office.
A. had written; left?
B. were writing; has left
C. had written; had left
D. were writing; had left
2. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car.
A. has been
B. was
C. had been
D. would be
【答案及解析】
