2024屆高考英語一輪循環(huán)寫作周周練：第12周 用途各異的被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型（新人教版含解析）
第十二周 用途各異的被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型
被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較等句型在寫作中都屬于高級句式，它們的合理運用都能給文章增色添彩。
一、用英文思維的被動語態(tài)
英文中被動語態(tài)的使用比漢語要多，要普遍。一般說來，當強調(diào)動作承受者、不必說出動作執(zhí)行者或執(zhí)行者含糊不清時，多用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)因為更突出客觀事實而被廣泛使用。所以同學們在寫作時也應該注意多用被動語態(tài)，以贏得更高的分數(shù)。
1．主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)
①To enlarge vocabulary, we should read more native materials.
→To enlarge vocabulary, more native materials should be read.
②They carried out a survey among 260 students.
→A survey was carried out among 260 students.
2．寫作中常見的被動語態(tài)
(1)be＋過去分詞(be可使用各種時態(tài))
①Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language. (2024·江蘇高考書面表達)
當今，越來越多的英語詞匯正在漢語中使用。
②Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital.(2024·湖北高考短文寫作)
幸運的是，她受傷不嚴重，并且我們把她送到了最近的醫(yī)院。
(2)情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞
①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.
為了提高空氣質(zhì)量，應該減少使用私家車。
②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.
正如從表中所看到的，如今在中國擁有手機的人越來越多。
(3)get＋過去分詞
①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2024·北京高考滿分作文)
通往停車場的入口太小了，經(jīng)常堵車。
②I’m feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because one of my feet got injured.(2024·北京高考滿分作文)
我很抱歉地告訴你我不得不改變我們七月份去云南旅游的計劃，因為我的一只腳受傷了。
[即時演練] 句型轉(zhuǎn)換(主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài))
1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution.
→Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollution.
2．We encourage all the employees to work on line at home.
→All_the_employees_are_encouraged_to_work_on_line_at_home.
3．I suggest that you (should) make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds.
→It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds.
二、委婉動聽的虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣是高中階段較難掌握的句型之一，在運用時要注意表達的準確性。在高考作文中，常不需要表達不可能實現(xiàn)的非真實條件，而一般表達要求、愿望或者強調(diào)論述觀點的客觀性。
1．陳述語氣變虛擬語氣
①I didn’t take his advice, so I failed in the exam.
→If I had taken his advice, I wouldn’t have failed in the exam.
②It’s time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.
→It’s time that we took/should take measures to protect endangered animals.
2．寫作中常見的虛擬語氣
(1)if型虛擬語氣，如果……，就……
Secondly, if I were you, I would take a walk in the evening with my friends.(2024·安徽高考滿分作文)
第二，如果我是你，我會在傍晚和朋友一起散步。
(2)wish型虛擬語氣，希望……
Besides, I wish there wouldn’t be too many students in a class.(2024·全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)
另外，我希望一個班不會有太多的學生。
(3)as if/though型虛擬語氣，好像……
Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if/though they had just happened.
童年的一切一下子涌入我的大腦，仿佛剛剛發(fā)生似的。
(4)if only型虛擬語氣，要是……就好了；但愿……
If only I could go back and reset my goals.(2024·重慶高考寫作)
要是我能夠回到過去重訂目標該有多好。
(5)It’s (high/about) time (that) ...型虛擬語氣，是……的時候了
It is high time that both children and parents took/should take action to make small changes.(2024·福建高考滿分作文)
確實到了孩子和父母行動起來做出改變的時候了。
(6)(should) do型虛擬語氣，應該……
To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest you (should) practice with Chinese people.(2024·四川高考滿分作文)
為了掌握普通話，我強烈建議你和中國人進行練習。
(7)without/but for/but that含蓄型虛擬語氣，沒有……，要不是……
Without your help, I couldn’t have won the first place in the English Speaking Competition.
要是沒有你的幫助，我不可能在英語演講比賽中獲得第一名。
[即時演練] 用虛擬語氣補全句子
1．建議每個人都應多吃水果和蔬菜。
It is suggested that everyone_(should)_eat more fruit and vegetables.
2．沒有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項工作。
Without your help, I wouldn’t_have_finished the work ahead of time.
3．看我現(xiàn)在所處的糟糕境地！要是我聽了你的建議就好了！
Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I_had_taken your advice!
4．是我們該下定決心努力學習的時候了。
It’s high time that we_made/should_make_up_our_minds to study hard.
三、不比不知道的倍數(shù)和比較句型
表示倍數(shù)和比較的句型相對較多，在寫作中靈活運用這些句型有利于提高表達的準確性，提升文章的檔次。
1．倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋(名詞)＋as
After the new technique was introduced, the production of cars this year is twice as much as that of last year.
引進新技術后，今年汽車的產(chǎn)量是去年的兩倍。
2．the＋比較級 ...，the＋比較級 ...越……，就越……
The less the teacher does, the more the students do and the more they will learn.(2024·廣東高考滿分作文)
老師做得越少，學生就做得越多，他們學會的就越多。
3．比較級＋than＋any (other)＋名詞單數(shù) ...比任何其他的都……
Mike is more hardworking than any other student in the class.
邁克比班里其他的任何一個同學都勤奮。
4．prefer ... to
...喜歡……勝過……
As for wild release and controlled release, I prefer the latter one to the former one.(2024·重慶高考滿分作文)
對于自由分享和定向分享，我喜歡后者勝過前者。
5．be senior/junior to 比……年長/年齡小；(地位或級別等)比……高/低
Mr. Liu is three years senior to me, and he is also senior to me in our company.
劉先生長我3歲，在公司里級別也比我高。
[即時演練] 用倍數(shù)和比較句型補全句子
1．我們的城市已經(jīng)擴展成了一個大城市，是原來的4倍大。
Our city has developed into a big one, which is four_times_as_big as it used to be.
2．人們賺得越多，似乎想要的也越多，尤其是當其他人賺的比他們多的時候。
The_more people earn, the_more they seem to want, particularly when others earn more than they do.
[綜合演練提能]
Ⅰ.根據(jù)要求補全句子
1．作為一名學生，我認為應該采取一些措施保護我們的環(huán)境。
As a student, I think some_measures_should_be_taken to protect our environment.(被動語態(tài))
2．應該鼓勵學生養(yǎng)成良好的習慣以及表現(xiàn)得更得體。
Students should_be_encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves better.(被動語態(tài))
3．如果當時你努力的話，你就能輕松地通過期末考試。
If you had_worked_hard,_you would_have_easily_passed the final exam.(虛擬語氣)
4．我建議你應該保持學習和娛樂之間的平衡，像運動、聽音樂等。
I_suggest_you_(should)_keep_the_balance between your study and entertainment, such as sports, listening to music and so on. (虛擬語氣)
5．是我們該采取措施與經(jīng)濟領域的犯罪作斗爭的時候了。It’s_high_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures to fight against crimes in economic field.(虛擬語氣)
6．如今，一些青少年寧愿在家看電視也不愿意出去做運動。
Nowadays some teenagers prefer_to_watch_TV_at_home_rather_than_go_out to do exercise.(比較句型)
Ⅱ.請按以下內(nèi)容要點寫一篇英語短文，盡可能多地使用被動語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型。
1．我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，建起了很多新房，人們的生活水平有了很大提高。
2．一般來說，我們越富裕就會感覺越幸福。
3．如果你處在一個嚴重污染的環(huán)境中，你的心情不會好。
4．要是我們永遠有一個干凈整潔的環(huán)境就好了。
5．我強烈建議采取措施制止污染。
參考范文：
Great changes have taken place in my hometown, where a lot of new houses have been built. People’s living standard has been raised.
Generally speaking, the richer we are, the happier we feel. But if you were in a badly-polluted environment, you wouldn’t be in a good mood. If only we always had a very clean and tidy environment! I strongly suggest that measures (should) be taken to stop pollution.
第三步讓文章渾然天成(用時2周)
俗話說得好：好的開頭是成功的一半(Well begun is half done)；結尾好，一切都好(All is well that ends well)。一篇英語作文的開頭如果寫得好，就會給閱卷老師良好的印象，吸引他繼續(xù)讀下去；如果結尾又寫得好，就會進一步強化閱卷老師對你所寫文章的好感。如果再利用好銜接詞匯使文章流暢自然，那么高分作文離我們還會遠嗎？
第十二周 用途各異的被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型
被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較等句型在寫作中都屬于高級句式，它們的合理運用都能給文章增色添彩。
一、用英文思維的被動語態(tài)
英文中被動語態(tài)的使用比漢語要多，要普遍。一般說來，當強調(diào)動作承受者、不必說出動作執(zhí)行者或執(zhí)行者含糊不清時，多用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)因為更突出客觀事實而被廣泛使用。所以同學們在寫作時也應該注意多用被動語態(tài)，以贏得更高的分數(shù)。
1．主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)
①To enlarge vocabulary, we should read more native materials.
→To enlarge vocabulary, more native materials should be read.
②They carried out a survey among 260 students.
→A survey was carried out among 260 students.
2．寫作中常見的被動語態(tài)
(1)be＋過去分詞(be可使用各種時態(tài))
①Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language. (2024·江蘇高考書面表達)
當今，越來越多的英語詞匯正在漢語中使用。
②Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital.(2024·湖北高考短文寫作)
幸運的是，她受傷不嚴重，并且我們把她送到了最近的醫(yī)院。
(2)情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞
①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.
為了提高空氣質(zhì)量，應該減少使用私家車。
②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.
正如從表中所看到的，如今在中國擁有手機的人越來越多。
(3)get＋過去分詞
①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2024·北京高考滿分作文)
通往停車場的入口太小了，經(jīng)常堵車。
②I’m feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because one of my feet got injured.(2024·北京高考滿分作文)
我很抱歉地告訴你我不得不改變我們七月份去云南旅游的計劃，因為我的一只腳受傷了。
[即時演練] 句型轉(zhuǎn)換(主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài))
1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution.
→Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollution.
2．We encourage all the employees to work on line at home.
→All_the_employees_are_encouraged_to_work_on_line_at_home.
3．I suggest that you (should) make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds.
→It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds.
二、委婉動聽的虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣是高中階段較難掌握的句型之一，在運用時要注意表達的準確性。在高考作文中，常不需要表達不可能實現(xiàn)的非真實條件，而一般表達要求、愿望或者強調(diào)論述觀點的客觀性。
1．陳述語氣變虛擬語氣
①I didn’t take his advice, so I failed in the exam.
→If I had taken his advice, I wouldn’t have failed in the exam.
②It’s time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.
→It’s time that we took/should take measures to protect endangered animals.
2．寫作中常見的虛擬語氣
(1)if型虛擬語氣，如果……，就……
Secondly, if I were you, I would take a walk in the evening with my friends.(2024·安徽高考滿分作文)
第二，如果我是你，我會在傍晚和朋友一起散步。
(2)wish型虛擬語氣，希望……
Besides, I wish there wouldn’t be too many students in a class.(2024·全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)
另外，我希望一個班不會有太多的學生。
(3)as if/though型虛擬語氣，好像……
Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if/though they had just happened.
童年的一切一下子涌入我的大腦，仿佛剛剛發(fā)生似的。
(4)if only型虛擬語氣，要是……就好了；但愿……
If only I could go back and reset my goals.(2024·重慶高考寫作)
要是我能夠回到過去重訂目標該有多好。
(5)It’s (high/about) time (that) ...型虛擬語氣，是……的時候了
It is high time that both children and parents took/should take action to make small changes.(2024·福建高考滿分作文)
確實到了孩子和父母行動起來做出改變的時候了。
(6)(should) do型虛擬語氣，應該……
To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest you (should) practice with Chinese people.(2024·四川高考滿分作文)
為了掌握普通話，我強烈建議你和中國人進行練習。
(7)without/but for/but that含蓄型虛擬語氣，沒有……，要不是……
Without your help, I couldn’t have won the first place in the English Speaking Competition.
要是沒有你的幫助，我不可能在英語演講比賽中獲得第一名。
[即時演練] 用虛擬語氣補全句子
1．建議每個人都應多吃水果和蔬菜。
It is suggested that everyone_(should)_eat more fruit and vegetables.
2．沒有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項工作。
Without your help, I wouldn’t_have_finished the work ahead of time.
3．看我現(xiàn)在所處的糟糕境地！要是我聽了你的建議就好了！
Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I_had_taken your advice!
4．是我們該下定決心努力學習的時候了。
It’s high time that we_made/should_make_up_our_minds to study hard.
三、不比不知道的倍數(shù)和比較句型
表示倍數(shù)和比較的句型相對較多，在寫作中靈活運用這些句型有利于提高表達的準確性，提升文章的檔次。
1．倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋(名詞)＋as
After the new technique was introduced, the production of cars this year is twice as much as that of last year.
引進新技術后，今年汽車的產(chǎn)量是去年的兩倍。
2．the＋比較級 ...，the＋比較級 ...越……，就越……
The less the teacher does, the more the students do and the more they will learn.(2024·廣東高考滿分作文)
老師做得越少，學生就做得越多，他們學會的就越多。
3．比較級＋than＋any (other)＋名詞單數(shù) ...比任何其他的都……
Mike is more hardworking than any other student in the class.
邁克比班里其他的任何一個同學都勤奮。
4．prefer ... to
...喜歡……勝過……
As for wild release and controlled release, I prefer the latter one to the former one.(2024·重慶高考滿分作文)
對于自由分享和定向分享，我喜歡后者勝過前者。
5．be senior/junior to 比……年長/年齡小；(地位或級別等)比……高/低
Mr. Liu is three years senior to me, and he is also senior to me in our company.
劉先生長我3歲，在公司里級別也比我高。
[即時演練] 用倍數(shù)和比較句型補全句子
1．我們的城市已經(jīng)擴展成了一個大城市，是原來的4倍大。
Our city has developed into a big one, which is four_times_as_big as it used to be.
2．人們賺得越多，似乎想要的也越多，尤其是當其他人賺的比他們多的時候。
The_more people earn, the_more they seem to want, particularly when others earn more than they do.
[綜合演練提能]
Ⅰ.根據(jù)要求補全句子
1．作為一名學生，我認為應該采取一些措施保護我們的環(huán)境。
As a student, I think some_measures_should_be_taken to protect our environment.(被動語態(tài))
2．應該鼓勵學生養(yǎng)成良好的習慣以及表現(xiàn)得更得體。
Students should_be_encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves better.(被動語態(tài))
3．如果當時你努力的話，你就能輕松地通過期末考試。
If you had_worked_hard,_you would_have_easily_passed the final exam.(虛擬語氣)
4．我建議你應該保持學習和娛樂之間的平衡，像運動、聽音樂等。
I_suggest_you_(should)_keep_the_balance between your study and entertainment, such as sports, listening to music and so on. (虛擬語氣)
5．是我們該采取措施與經(jīng)濟領域的犯罪作斗爭的時候了。It’s_high_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures to fight against crimes in economic field.(虛擬語氣)
6．如今，一些青少年寧愿在家看電視也不愿意出去做運動。
Nowadays some teenagers prefer_to_watch_TV_at_home_rather_than_go_out to do exercise.(比較句型)
Ⅱ.請按以下內(nèi)容要點寫一篇英語短文，盡可能多地使用被動語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型。
1．我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，建起了很多新房，人們的生活水平有了很大提高。
2．一般來說，我們越富裕就會感覺越幸福。
3．如果你處在一個嚴重污染的環(huán)境中，你的心情不會好。
4．要是我們永遠有一個干凈整潔的環(huán)境就好了。
5．我強烈建議采取措施制止污染。
參考范文：
Great changes have taken place in my hometown, where a lot of new houses have been built. People’s living standard has been raised.
Generally speaking, the richer we are, the happier we feel. But if you were in a badly-polluted environment, you wouldn’t be in a good mood. If only we always had a very clean and tidy environment! I strongly suggest that measures (should) be taken to stop pollution.
第三步讓文章渾然天成(用時2周)
俗話說得好：好的開頭是成功的一半(Well begun is half done)；結尾好，一切都好(All is well that ends well)。一篇英語作文的開頭如果寫得好，就會給閱卷老師良好的印象，吸引他繼續(xù)讀下去；如果結尾又寫得好，就會進一步強化閱卷老師對你所寫文章的好感。如果再利用好銜接詞匯使文章流暢自然，那么高分作文離我們還會遠嗎？
