2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)必備單詞素材：Unit 8 Adventure（北師大版）

　　Unit 8　Adventure

　　[寫得準(zhǔn)] [用得活] [積得多]

　　1.aim n．目標(biāo)；目的

　　2.risk vt.

　　冒……的危險(xiǎn)

　　3.quantity n.

　　量，數(shù)量

　　4.distant adj.遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的→distance n．遙遠(yuǎn)

　　5.limit n．邊界；限度→limited adj.有限的

　　6.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable adj.舒服的→comfort n．&vt.安慰

　　7.accommodation n．住所，住處→accommodate vt.容納

　　8.differ vi.不同于，有區(qū)別→difference n．不同之處→different adj.不同的

　　9.anxious adj.憂慮的，擔(dān)心的→anxiety n．焦慮，不安

　　10.extreme adj.極度的，極端的→extremely adv.極其地，極端地

　　11.similarity n．相似性，類似性→similar adj.相似的

　　12.various adj.不同的，各種各樣的→variety n．品種；種類；變化→vary vi.變化

　　13.equipment n．配備，設(shè)備→equip vt.裝備，配置

　　14.preference n．較喜歡的東西，偏愛(ài)→prefer v．喜愛(ài)

　　15.amaze vt.使驚愕(驚奇)→amazed adj.驚愕的，吃驚的→amazing adj.令人驚異的→amazement n．吃驚，驚愕

　　16.confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．混亂；困惑

　　17.wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→wealth n．財(cái)富；富有

　　18.preparation n．準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備→prepare vt.準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備

　　19.cheerful adj.愉快的，高興的→cheer n．&vt.歡呼

　　20.patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.耐心的n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地

　　21.observe vt.觀察，觀測(cè)→observation n．觀察

　　22.ambition n．志向，抱負(fù)→ambitious adj.有遠(yuǎn)大志向的；有野心的

　　23.survival n．幸存，殘存→survive vt.&vi.幸免于；幸存

　　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He felt uncomfortable (comfort) because of being criticized to his face.

　　2.They are both doctors but that is where the similarity (similar) ends.

　　3.However, people's preference (prefer) to food seems to have no relations with nutrition.

　　4.Do not be afraid to be ambitious (ambition) when you set these goals.

　　5.The time we spent together is now a distant (distance) memory.

　　6.He is engaged in making preparations (prepare) for the conference on educational work.

　　7.He said nothing, but felt extremely (extreme) happy inside.

　　8.The workers in the factory equip themselves with scientific knowledge and all the equipment in the factory is very advanced.(equip)

　　9.What amazed me was Liu Qian's amazing performance which made all the people present look at him in amazement.(amaze)　

　　10.Judging from his confused expression, he didn't understand the confusing problem referring to teenagers' mental health.(confuse)

　　11.He's a good doctor. He always has patience with his patients and talks with them patiently.(patient)

　　12.There were a few anxious moments in the basketball game. Therefore, all of us watched it with anxiety.(anxious)

　　13.The car is different from that one. Their differences lie in color and type.(different)

　　1.由quantity想到的

　　①several 幾個(gè)

　　②couple

　　一對(duì)

　　③score

　　二十

　　④dozen

　　十二個(gè)

　　⑤numerous

　　許多的

　　⑥none

　　沒(méi)有

　　⑦million

　　百萬(wàn)

　　⑧billion

　　十億

　　2.后綴-al名詞薈萃

　　①survival幸存

　　②removal

　　移除

　　③arrival

　　到達(dá)

　　④refusal

　　拒絕

　　⑤proposal

　　提議

　　⑥approval

　　批準(zhǔn)

　　3.后綴-ful形容詞大全

　　①useful

　　有用的

　　②painful

　　痛苦的

　　③peaceful

　　和平的

　　④harmful

　　有害的

　　⑤mouthful

　　滿嘴的

　　⑥doubtful

　　懷疑的

　　⑦meaningful

　　有意義的

　　⑧cheerful

　　高興的

　　4.“情緒”詞匯全掃描

　　①depression n． 　沮喪

　　②disappointment n.

　　失望

　　③sorrow n.

　　悲傷

　　④anxiety n.

　　焦慮

　　⑤grief n.

　　悲傷

　　⑥annoyed adj.

　　惱火的

　　⑦nervous adj.

　　緊張的

　　⑧shock n.

　　震驚

　　5.盤點(diǎn)-ious結(jié)尾形容詞

　　previous　先前的；以往的

　　cautious

　　謹(jǐn)慎的；小心的

　　envious

　　嫉妒的；羨慕的

　　anxious

　　焦慮的；擔(dān)心的

　　suspicious

　　懷疑的

　　religious

　　宗教的；虔誠(chéng)的

　　harmonious

　　和諧的

　　various

　　各種各樣的

　　[寫得準(zhǔn)] [用得活] [積得多]

　　1.right_now 就在此刻

　　2.in_order_to_do_something

　　目的是，以便

　　3.upside_down

　　顛倒地，倒置地

　　4.turn_up

　　出現(xiàn)，到場(chǎng)；調(diào)高聲音

　　5.back_out

　　決定不履行(允諾的事)

　　6.get_across

　　使理解(某事)

　　7.in_turn

　　輪流

　　8.break_out

　　(壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)

　　9.put_..._into_prison

　　把……關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄

　　10.stand_by

　　堅(jiān)持(某種)說(shuō)法；袖手旁觀

　　11.on_one's_way

　　在途中

　　12.break_down

　　損壞，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；失敗

　　13.run_out_of

　　用完，耗盡

　　14.carry_on

　　繼續(xù)做某事

　　15.take_off

　　起飛；匆匆離去；脫掉；開始成功 選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空1.We are not prepared to stand_by and let them close our school.

　　2.As the plane was ready to take_off,_all the passengers fastened their seat belts.

　　3.He broke_down and wept when he heard the bad news.

　　4.It took a long time to get_across to the workers the way the system worked.

　　5.Once you have given your words, don't try to back_out.

　　6.After he left I just tried to carry_on as usual in spite of some difficulty.

　　7.A big fire broke_out in the hotel last night, but all the people were able to escape from it.

　　8.Everything in the house was turned upside_down for the lost diamond ring. 1.turn短語(yǔ)面面觀

　　①turn down　關(guān)小；拒絕

　　turn away

　　拒絕支持

　　turn out

　　生產(chǎn)；結(jié)果是

　　turn over

　　使翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交

　　turn in

　　上交

　　turn to

　　求助于

　　turn up

　　出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)

　　turn on/off

　　打開/關(guān)閉

　　2.“動(dòng)詞＋out”短語(yǔ)匯總

　　bring out　 出版；公布

　　carry out

　　實(shí)施；執(zhí)行

　　check out

　　結(jié)賬后離開

　　drop out

　　退出

　　leave out

　　忽略；遺漏

　　cut out

　　刪去；剪去

　　let out

　　放出

　　back out

　　決定不履行(允諾的事)

　　[背原句] [記句式] [會(huì)仿用]

　　1.When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it. 我第一次站在跳臺(tái)上緊張得真想退縮下來(lái)，但是朋友們說(shuō)服了我。 so ... that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 (環(huán)境)這么嘈雜，以至于我們都聽不到自己說(shuō)的話。It was so_noisy_that we couldn't hear ourselves speak.(2024·浙江高考改編)

　　2.Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true. 雖然人們愛(ài)讀他的書，但許多人認(rèn)為馬可寫的東西太離奇而不可信。 too ... to ... “太……而不能……”。 我太忙了，沒(méi)時(shí)間照顧我的小孩。I'm too_busy_to_take_

　　care_of my baby.

　　3.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 接下來(lái)極地冬日的極夜時(shí)期到來(lái)了。 全部倒裝句。 然后鈴響了，下課了。Then goes_the_bell and class is over.

　　4.The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.

　　接下來(lái)離開的是奧茨上尉，他行走不便。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有困難”。 天下著大雨，我們費(fèi)了好大勁才到達(dá)目的地。It raining hard, we had_

　　great_difficulty_reaching the destination.

　　1．differ vi.不同于，有區(qū)別

　　[教材原句]　How do the tourists differ from local people?

　　旅游者與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裼惺裁床煌兀?/p>

　　(1)differ from ... in ...　在……方面與……不同

　　differ with sb.

　　與某人意見(jiàn)不同

　　(2)different adj.

　　不同的，有差異的

　　be different from ...

　　不同于……

　　(3)difference n.

　　差異，差別

　　make a/no difference

　　有/無(wú)影響

　　tell the difference between A and B

　　指出A與B的不同

　　As we know, the two theories differ from each other in many ways.

　　像我們知道的那樣，這兩種理論彼此間的不同是多方面的。

　　Only when we match our words with actions can we make_a_difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.(2024·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))

　　只有言行一致我們才能對(duì)希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的任何事情有所幫助。

　　2．risk vt.冒……的危險(xiǎn)n.冒險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　[教材原句]　What makes people risk their lives to do them?

　　是什么使人們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去做這些事呢？

　　(1)risk (doing) sth.冒險(xiǎn)(做)某事

　　(2)at the risk of (doing) sth.

　　冒著做某事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　take/run the risk of (doing) sth.

　　冒……的危險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)做某事

　　take/run a risk/risks

　　冒險(xiǎn)

　　at risk

　　處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)

　　at all risks/at any risk

　　無(wú)論冒什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，無(wú)論如何

　　①We've been advised not to risk travelling (travel) in these conditions.

　　我們被建議在這些條件下不要冒險(xiǎn)出行。

　　②They were determined to get there even at_the_risk_of_their_lives.

　　即使要冒生命危險(xiǎn)，他們也決心要到那里去。

　　③It is not worthwhile to take_the_risk_of offending your boss just to get such a small sum of money.

　　僅是為拿到那一點(diǎn)錢就去觸怒老板，不值得。

　　3．confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆

　　[教材原句]　He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.

　　他也對(duì)人們用來(lái)當(dāng)燃料燃燒的黑色石頭感到困惑。

　　(1)confuse A with/and B將A和B混淆

　　(2)confused adj.

　　困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的

　　be/get confused

　　被弄糊涂

　　confusing adj.

　　令人迷惑的

　　(3)confusion n.

　　混亂；困惑

　　in confusion

　　困惑地，困窘地；亂七八糟，處于混亂狀態(tài)

　　I often confuse the boy with/and his twin brother.They are so much alike.

　　我經(jīng)常把這個(gè)男孩跟他的雙胞胎兄弟搞混。他們長(zhǎng)得太相像了。

　　They asked me so many questions that I got confused (confuse)．

　　他們問(wèn)了我許多問(wèn)題，把我弄糊涂了。

　　He stopped in_confusion as everyone turned to look at him.

　　當(dāng)大家回頭看他時(shí)，他困惑地停了下來(lái)。

　　4．quantity n．量，數(shù)量

　　[教材原句]　He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.

　　他去了一個(gè)大量生產(chǎn)鐵的城市。

　　既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，

　　又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞

　　in quantity/in large quantities　大量，大批

　　①A large quantity of good earth is being washed away in this area every year.

　　＝Large quantities of good earth are_being_washed_away in this area every year.

　　每年這個(gè)地區(qū)大量沃土被沖走。

　　②It is well-known that it's cheaper to buy goods in_quantity/in_large_quantities.

　　眾所周知，大批量購(gòu)貨較便宜。

　　[名師指津]　a quantity of與quantities of意思相當(dāng)，其修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)一般根據(jù)quantity的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定。

　　5．preparation n．準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備

　　[教材原句]　During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.

　　在1910～1911年的南極夏季期間，兩個(gè)探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)為準(zhǔn)備第二年的旅行組建了食品儲(chǔ)存處。

　　(1)make preparations for/to do sth.

　　　為(做)某事作準(zhǔn)備

　　(be) in preparation

　　在準(zhǔn)備中

　　(2)prepare vt.

　　預(yù)備；籌備；調(diào)制；為……作準(zhǔn)備

　　　 vi.

　　準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備；作準(zhǔn)備

　　prepare to do sth.

　　準(zhǔn)備做某事

　　prepare (sb.) for sth.

　　(使某人)為某事做準(zhǔn)備

　　(3)prepared adj.

　　有準(zhǔn)備的，事先準(zhǔn)備好的

　　愿意做某事；為(做)

　　某事做好準(zhǔn)備

　　Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.

　　(諺)抱最好的希望，做最壞的打算。

　　It is necessary for the young to make preparations (prepare) for their future.

　　年輕人有必要為他們的未來(lái)做些準(zhǔn)備。

　　If we learn to accept changes and appreciate what is new and different, we will_be_well_prepared_for whatever the future may have in store.

　　如果我們學(xué)會(huì)接受變化，學(xué)會(huì)欣賞新的不同的東西，我們就能有準(zhǔn)備地迎接未來(lái)帶給我們的一切。

　　6．a(chǎn)im n．目標(biāo)；目的；瞄準(zhǔn)vi.&vt. 瞄準(zhǔn)；對(duì)準(zhǔn)；旨在；(向某方向)努力

　　[高考佳句]　The match's aim was to let more people know the bad environmental conditions we are facing.(2024·湖南高考書面表達(dá))