2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)五年考題分類匯編:非謂語動詞
非謂語動詞
34.(2024·湖南高考)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________ what is bothering them.
A.to talk over
B.talked over
C.talk over
D.having talked over
解析:選A 考查非謂語動詞。句意:有時對我的同學(xué)來說我充當(dāng)了聽眾的角色,以便與他們詳細(xì)聊一聊正在困擾他們的事情。本句用動詞不定式作目的狀語。30.(2024·湖南高考)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave.
A.wondering
B.wonder
C.to wonder
D.wondered
解析:選A 考查非謂語動詞。句意:那名店員看到一張友善的臉,臉上因歉意的微笑布滿了皺紋,這時她愣在了那里,琢磨著是走還是留。句子的主語she與wonder之間是主動關(guān)系,且wonder與主句謂語stood是同時發(fā)生的,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。24.(2024·湖南高考)Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.
A.to leave
B.leaving
C.leave
D.left
解析:選D 考查非謂語動詞。句意:如果落在不合適的人的手中,電子游戲就會有一個很壞的影響。leave的邏輯主語是video games,主語video games與leave之間是被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞。if left ...是“連詞+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的狀語從句的省略。18.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ good care of at home.
A.taking
B.taken
C.take
D.be taken
解析:選B 考查非謂語動詞。句意:李博士在非洲進(jìn)行了兩年的醫(yī)療服務(wù),回來后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好他很高興。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是“see+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是do,doing或者done。此處his mother與take good care of之間是被動關(guān)系,故選B項。
17.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on ________ all the people who had helped in her career.
A.to thank
B.thanking
C.having thanked
D.to have thanked
解析:選A 考查非謂語動詞。句意:在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎之后,安妮·本尼迪克特繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的職業(yè)生涯中幫助過她的人。go on doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)做同一件事”,而go on to do sth.則表示“繼續(xù)做另一件事”。由語境可知,安妮·本尼迪克特在拿獎后又繼續(xù)做另一件事,即“感謝所有幫助過她的人”,故用go on to do sth.。
33.In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, ________the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.
A.combine
B.combined
C.combining
D.being combined
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:近幾年,一個結(jié)合了“information”和“atmosphere”意思的英語單詞“infosphere”出現(xiàn)了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格和后面的部分作定語修飾an English word “infosphere”,被修飾詞與combine之間為主動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞combining。
28.________ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
A.Learn
B.Learned
C.To learn
D.To be learning
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了更多地了解中國文化,杰克已經(jīng)決定把中國民間音樂作為選修課。在本句中,“更多地了解中國文化”是目的狀語,所以空格處應(yīng)用動詞不定式to learn,故答案為C項。
27.(2024·安徽高考)________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A.Ignore
B.Ignoring
C.Ignored
D.Having ignored
解析:選B 考查非謂語動詞。句意:忽視這兩個研究結(jié)果的不同將是你犯的最嚴(yán)重的錯誤之一。從“will be one of the worst
mistakes you make”來看,will的前面部分是主語,因此用v.-ing短語作主語。這里表達(dá)一般情況,因此不用完成式。9.Little Tom sat________watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
A.a(chǎn)maze
B.a(chǎn)mazing
C.a(chǎn)mazed
D.to amaze
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:小湯姆坐著吃驚地看著猴子在他前面跳舞。句中需要一個形容詞化的過去分詞來說明主語的狀態(tài),語法上叫做“主語補(bǔ)足語”。此處修飾的是人(Little Tom),故用amazed。
11.Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way________the sun and the stars.
A.used
B.having used
C.using
D.use
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語的用法。分詞作方式狀語時不能用完成式,因此排除B項,having done表示“已經(jīng)做過”。A項used是過去分詞,表被動概念,顯然不合邏輯。此題容易誤選D項use, find one's way(某人找到路)是固定短語,選項中的動詞不作其補(bǔ)語。因此選擇C項using,此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語,相當(dāng)于by using the sun and the stars的省略。
6.________in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
A.Being raised
B.Raising
C.Raised
D.To raise
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:因?yàn)樗窃诟窭垢缱钬毟F的地區(qū)被撫養(yǎng)大的,所以他走了一段很長很艱辛的路才成為一位足球明星。句子的主語he和raise是被動關(guān)系,因此排除B、D兩項。A項Being raised意為“正在被撫養(yǎng)”,顯然也不合邏輯。因此只能選擇C項Raised,此處用過去分詞表被動,過去分詞短語在句中作原因狀語。8.(2024天津高考) ________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
A.To work
B.Worked
C.To be working
D.Having worked
解析:選D 考查非謂語動詞。句意:工作了兩天,史蒂夫設(shè)法如期完成了他的報告。首先,work的動作發(fā)生在managed to finish ...之前,故用完成時;Steve與work之間是主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式,故選D。
5.________ in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
A.To absorb
B.To be absorbed
C.Absorbed
D.Absorbing
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:由于專心繪畫,約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。be absorbed in“專心于”,此處用過去分詞短語作原因狀語。故選C。
21.________ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A.CatchingB.Caught
C.To catch
D.Catch
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了趕上早班飛機(jī),我們提前訂了出租車,而且起床很早。此處表示目的,應(yīng)用動詞不定式,所以答案為C。23.(2024.北京高考)The park was full of people, ________ themselves in the sunshine.
A.having enjoyed
B.enjoyed
C.enjoying
D.to enjoy
解析:選C 考查非謂語動詞。句意:公園里擠滿了人,他們在陽光下盡情歡樂。句中people與enjoy之間為主動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語,所以答案為C。having enjoyed為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式,表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前,不符合題意31.If________ for the job, you'll be informed soon.
A.to accept
B.a(chǎn)ccept
C.a(chǎn)ccepting
D.a(chǎn)ccepted
解析:選D 考查非謂語動詞。句意:如果你被接受做這份工作,你很快就會接到通知。句中you與accept之間為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞,所以答案為D。本題中if之后省略了主語和be動詞,補(bǔ)充完整為:If you are accepted for the job, you'll be informed soon。1.(2024·安徽高考)While waiting for the opportunity to get ________, Henry did his best to perform his duty.
A.promote
B.promotedC.promoting
D.to promote
【答案】選B
【解析】句意:在等待機(jī)會被提拔期間,Henry盡力履行好自己的職責(zé)。主語Henry與promote之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)。此處為get型被動語態(tài),為“get+過去分詞”。故選B。
2.(2024·北京高考)Last night, there were millions of people ________ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A.watch
B.to watchC.watched
D.watching
【答案】選D
【解析】句意:昨晚,成千上萬的人在電視上觀看了開幕式的現(xiàn)場直播。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及選項可知,________ the opening ceremony live on TV是非謂語動詞短語作后置定語, people和watch為主謂關(guān)系,且此處表示一般情況,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式,所以答案為D。
3.(2024·北京高考)There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A.solving
B.solvedC.being solved
D.to be solved
【答案】選D
【解析】句意:在我們準(zhǔn)備長時間待在月球上之前仍舊有很多問題需要解決。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在句中作定語。又根據(jù)語境可知此處表示沒有發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)用不定式形式,同時solve和problems之間為動賓關(guān)系,因此用不定式的被動式,故選D項。
4.(2024·北京高考)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________.
A.recognizing
B.being recognizedC.having recognized
D.having been recognized
【答案】選B
【解析】句意:這個電影明星戴著太陽鏡。這樣他就可以購物而不被認(rèn)出。without是介詞,后需用動詞的-ing形式;recognize和the film star為動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動式,同時與go shopping這一動作同時發(fā)生,故用一般式,答案為B。
5.(2024·全國卷)Today there are more airplanes
________
more people than ever before in the skies.
A.carry
B.carryingC.carried
D.to be carrying
【答案】選B
【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是非謂語動詞作定語修飾airplanes,且carry為airplanes主動發(fā)出的動作,故應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式carrying。
6.(2024·福建高考)________ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
A.Spending
B.Spent
C.Having spent
D.To spend
【答案】選C
【解析】句意:琳達(dá),一名交換生,過去的一年是在香港度過的,因此她看上去比同齡人更成熟。主語Linda與spend之間是主謂關(guān)系,需用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式,可排除B項;D項to spend是不定式作目的狀語,與句意不符合;再根據(jù)the past year可知,spend這一動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生了,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。
7.(2024·福建高考)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________.
A.connected
B.connectingC.to connect
D.to be connected
【答案】選A
【解析】句意:對那些與家人離得比較遠(yuǎn)的人來說,個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。句中stay (保持),它是一個連系動詞,后接形容詞作表語。connected是形容詞化的過去分詞,意為“有聯(lián)系的,有來往的”,符合句意。
8.(2024·湖南高考).Children, when
________ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
A.to be accompanied
B.to accompany C.a(chǎn)ccompanying
D.a(chǎn)ccompanied
【答案】選D
【解析】句意:當(dāng)被他們的父母陪同時,孩子們被允許進(jìn)入體育場。when accompanied by their parents是過去分詞短語作狀語,相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句when they are accompanied by their parents,此處省略了they are,故選D。
9.(2024·湖南高考)________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A.Understanding
B.To be understoodC.Being understood
D.Having understood
【答案】選A
【解析】句意:理解你自己的需要和交流風(fēng)格與學(xué)會表達(dá)你的喜愛和情感一樣重要。根據(jù)句意可知,現(xiàn)在分詞短語“Understanding your own needs and styles of communication”作主語,與“l(fā)earning to convey”對應(yīng),故選A。
10.(2024·湖南高考)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________ at the night sky.
A.to stare
B.staringC.stared
D.having stared
【答案】選B
【解析】句意:沒有比我躺在草地的中間,凝視著夜空更快樂的事了。根據(jù)句意可知,凝視著夜空與躺在草地的中間是同時發(fā)生的兩個動作,故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。
11.(2024·湖南高考)________ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A.Having freed
B.FreedC.To free
D.Freeing
【答案】選C
【解析】句意:為了讓我們從身體和精神緊張中解放出來,我們每個人都需要深入的思考和內(nèi)在的寧靜。不定式短語“To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions”作目的狀語,故C項正確。
12(2024·江西高考)When it comes to ________ in public,
no one can match him.
A.speak
B.speakingC.being spoken
D.be spoken
【答案】選B
【解析】句意:當(dāng)提到當(dāng)眾演講,沒人能與他相比。when it comes to ...表示“當(dāng)提及……,當(dāng)談到……”,其中to為介詞,后應(yīng)接動詞-ing形式。
13.(2024·江西高考).________ nearly all our money,
we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
A.Having spent
B.To spentC.Spent
D.To have spent
【答案】選A
【解析】句意:因?yàn)閹缀趸ü饬宋覀兯械腻X,我們住不起旅館了。此處用非謂語動詞作原因狀語,且現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表明該動作發(fā)生在主句的謂語動詞表示的動作之前。
14.(2024·江西高考)He is thought ________ foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
A.to act
B.to have actedC.a(chǎn)cting
D.having acted
【答案】選B
【解析】句意:他被認(rèn)為做了愚蠢的事。現(xiàn)在對于失去工作這件事,他只能怪自己。be thought to do sth.表示“被認(rèn)為做了某事”;由句意可知,act的動作發(fā)生在think之前,故用不定式的完成時。因此選B項。
15.(2024·四川高考)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ after great effort.
A.having developed
B.to developC.developed
D.develop
【答案】選C
【解析】句意:辛苦努力后,很多新產(chǎn)品被研發(fā)出來,經(jīng)理很滿意。句子結(jié)構(gòu)表明空格處用非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。動詞see的賓語“many new products”與develop之間是被動關(guān)系且表示一個完成的動作,所以用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。