2024屆高考英語一輪單元總復(fù)習(xí)教案精品薈萃：外研版必修一Module 5《A Lesson in a Lab》
2024屆高考英語一輪單元總復(fù)習(xí)講義精品薈萃外研版必修一Module 5
知識詳解
?、?expand vi. 膨脹vt. 擴大，擴充
(回歸課本P41)When you heat a metal，it expands.
當(dāng)你加熱金屬時，它就會膨脹。
【歸納總結(jié)】
expand sth.使……膨脹，擴大
expand on/upon sth.詳述，充分?jǐn)⑹鳋?/p>
expansion n.擴張，膨脹
?、?Metals expand when they are heated.
金屬受熱會膨脹。
②As children grow older they expand their interests and become more confident.
隨著兒童的成長，他們的興趣會變廣，人也會變得更自信。
③Could you expand on that point，please?
請你把那一點詳細(xì)說明一下，好嗎？
【例句探源】
expand，extend，spread, stretch
(1)expand展開，擴大，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴大。
(2)extend伸出，延伸，指空間范圍的擴大，以及長度、寬度的朝外延伸，也可指時間的延長。
(3)spread伸開，傳播，一般指向四面八方擴大傳播的范圍，如傳播(疾病)，散布(信息等)。
(4)stretch伸展，拉長，一般指由曲變直、由短變長的伸展，不是加長。stretch out 躺下，伸展。
【易混辨析】
?、賅ater expands when it freezes.
?、赥he hot weather extended to October.
?、跿he fire soon spread to the nearby buildings.
④The cat_stretched out in front of the fire.
1．Why not try to________your story into a novel?
A．revise B．summarise
C．organise
D．expand
解析：選D。句意是：你為什么不把你的故事擴展成一部小說呢？此句要用expand...into...表示“把……擴展成……”。revise 的意思是“溫習(xí)”；summarise總結(jié)；organise組織起來；expand擴展。
【即境活用】
2.Having finished his homework，Tony stood up behind the desk，________himself.
A．expanding B．extending
C．stretching
D．spreading
解析：選C。句意是：完成作業(yè)后，托尼從寫字桌后站了起來，伸了伸懶腰。此題要用stretch指身體的伸展。
② conclusion
n． 結(jié)論
Conclusion
(回歸課本P45)Iron rusts in ordinary water.
結(jié)論：鐵在普通水中生銹。
draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論?jù)黰ake a conclusion下結(jié)論?jù)?/p>
bring...to a conclusion使……結(jié)束
in conclusion最后，作為結(jié)論地；總之
conclude v.得出結(jié)論；斷定，推斷出；結(jié)束
to conclude最后
conclude from sth.that從……中斷定
【歸納總結(jié)】
?、賂hey came to the conclusion that it’s time Chinese football should be regulated.
他們得出的結(jié)論是：中國足球到了該整頓的時候了。
?、?In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
最后，我想說我今天過得很開心。
?、跧t was concluded that the level of necessary change would be low.
據(jù)認(rèn)定必要的變化水平將會很低。
?、躀 concluded from what they said that they wanted to accept the offer.
我從他們的話中推斷出他們想接受這份幫助。
【例句探源】
3．After a long discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the plan，they finally came to a(n)________that it was practical.
A．decisionB．opinion
C．conclusion
D．impression
解析：選C。句意：關(guān)于這項計劃的優(yōu)缺點，他們討論了很長時間，最后終于得出了結(jié)論——這項計劃實用。decision決定；opinion觀點；conclusion結(jié)論；impression印象。come to a conclusion“得出結(jié)論”，為固定短語。
【即境活用】
?、?ordinary adj. 普通的，平常的
(回歸課本P45)The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.
釘子在裝有普通水的試管中生銹了。
ordinarylooking相貌平平的，相貌普通的
out of the ordinary不尋常的；例外的
in the ordinary way一般；通常
【歸納總結(jié)】
?、?Jim was not in the ordinary way a romantic，but he decided to bring Mary some roses.
吉姆通常并不是一個浪漫的人，但他決定帶一些玫瑰花給瑪麗。
②The new taxes came as a shock to ordinary Americans.
新稅費對普通美國人來說如同一次重?fù)簟?/p>
?、跱othing out of the ordinary had happened.
沒發(fā)生什么意外之事。
?、躓hat is ordinary in one country may be very strange in another.
在一個國家很普通的事，在另一個國家可能很奇怪。
【例句探源】
【易混辨析】
ordinary，common，usual，normal
(1)ordinary普通的，平常的，平凡的。強調(diào)等級和類屬方面普通。有“平庸無奇”之意。
(2)common普通的，常見的。強調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生，司空見慣，可修飾人或物。也可指共同的、共存的。common sense常識。
(3)usual 通常的，慣常的，慣例的，強調(diào)依照慣例來判斷，有“遵循常規(guī)”之意。
(4) normal正常的，合乎標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。強調(diào)在正常情況下應(yīng)有的。
?、賅hoever has common sense knows that smoking is harmful to people’s health.
②Last Sunday，he went to work as usual.
③Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as ordinary_illness.
?、躀t is known that a person’s normal_temperature is about 36.5℃.
4．I really miss the security of a(n)________pay cheque.
A．ordinary B．usual
C．common
D．regular
解析：選D。ordinary“平常的，平凡的”；usual“通常的，慣例的”；common “常見的，共有的”；regular“定期的，固定的”。根據(jù)句意“我實在懷念定期領(lǐng)取工資支票的安全感”，可知選D項。
【即境活用】
④ react vi. (化學(xué))反應(yīng)；起作用；起反應(yīng)
(回歸課本P44)．..it is important to know how they react with different substances...
……要了解它們和不同的物質(zhì)如何發(fā)生反應(yīng)，這一點很重要……
react to對……作出反應(yīng)
react with與……起(化學(xué))反應(yīng)
react against反對；反抗
react on/upon對……有影響
reaction n.反應(yīng)
【歸納總結(jié)】
?、?How did he react to your suggestion?
他對你的建議反應(yīng)如何？
?、贑hildren tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子們通常以違背父母的意愿來反抗他們。
?、跧ron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
鐵與水和空氣起化學(xué)反應(yīng)而生銹。
?、蹾ow do acids react on metals?
酸對金屬起什么反應(yīng)？
?、軼hat was her
reaction to the news?
她對這消息的反應(yīng)如何？
【例句探源】
5．—How did you react________your father’s suggestion?
—I reacted strongly________it.
A．on；to B．on；with
C．a(chǎn)gainst；with
D．to；against
解析：選D。react with“與……發(fā)生反應(yīng)”；react to“對……的反應(yīng)”；react against“反對”。句意：“你對你父親的建議有何反應(yīng)？”“我堅決反對。”
【即境活用】
⑤ add...to... 把……加到……
(回歸課本P45)Add some oil to the water.This will keep air out of the water.
在水中加些油。這樣做可防止空氣進(jìn)入水中。
【歸納總結(jié)】
add v.加；繼續(xù)說；補充說
add to增加；增添
add up把……加起來
add up to合計達(dá)；結(jié)果是
addition n.加；(數(shù))加法；增加
in addition另外
in addition to除……之外
【例句探源】
?、貾lease add some sugar to the bread.
請在面包上加些糖。
?、赥hree added to four makes seven.三加四等于七。
③Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.
煙花使節(jié)日之夜更具吸引力。
④Add up all the figures and find out what they add up to.
把這些數(shù)字加起來，弄清楚總計是多少。
6．The total cost of their trip to America________
$ 8,000.
A．a(chǎn)dded up to B．a(chǎn)dded up
C．a(chǎn)dded to
D．was added up to
解析：選A。由題意可知，此處意指“總計”，故用add up to，此短語一般不用被動語態(tài)。
7.The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather_________the helplessness of the crew
at sea.
A．a(chǎn)dded to
B．resulted from
C．turned out
D．made up
解析：選A。add to 表示“增添”的意思。
【即境活用】
?、?keep...out of 使……進(jìn)不去；不讓……進(jìn)入；把……擋在外面；避開
(回歸課本P45)This will keep air out of the water.
這將阻止空氣進(jìn)入水中。
【歸納總結(jié)】
keep after追趕keep away遠(yuǎn)離keep back阻止；隱瞞keep down吞下；鎮(zhèn)壓；控制keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep off防止，避開keep on繼續(xù)keep to堅持；履行keep up不低落；維持，堅持；繼續(xù)keep up with跟上
?、資ou’d better keep yourself out of other people’s quarrels.
你最好不要卷入別人的糾紛中去。
?、贖e begged the police to keep his name out of the papers.
他懇求警察不要在報紙上披露他的名字。
?、跴lease keep the dog out of the study.
別讓這只狗進(jìn)書房。
【例句探源】
8.I warned Bill to________trouble while I’m away.
A．keep out of B．keep out
C．keep away
D．keep back
解析：選A。句意“我警告比爾我不在的時候不要惹麻煩?！?/p>
9．________the fire，or your clothes may catch fire.
A．Keep out B．Keep away
C．Keep to
D．Keep off
解析：選D。keep off 不靠近。句意“不要靠近火，否則衣服容易著火?！?/p>
【即境活用】
⑦ go ahead 開始；繼續(xù)；進(jìn)展；領(lǐng)先
(回歸課本P48) Go ahead！means Begin!
“開始吧！”意思是“開始！”
【歸納總結(jié)】
go ahead with繼續(xù)做……
go straight ahead一直往前走
go ahead of走在……前頭
?、佟癕ay I ask you a question？”“Yes，go ahead.”
“我可以問你一個問題嗎？”“可以，問吧！”
②Don’t be disturbed；just go ahead with your work.
不要受干擾，你們只管干你們的活。
③Things are going ahead smoothly.
事情進(jìn)展順利。
④You go ahead and tell them that we will be there shortly.
你先走一步，告訴他們我們隨后就到。
【例句探源】
10．(高考四川卷)—May I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—________
A．Come on！ B．Take care!
C．Go ahead!
D．Hold on!
解析：選C。問句是在請求許可，句意是：我可以打開窗戶，讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來嗎？四個選項中只有Go ahead！表示說話者同意，意為“打開吧！”Come on！用來催促對方，意為“快點吧！”Take care！小心！Hold on！堅持??！。
【即境活用】
11. (高考安徽卷)—Could you be so kind as to close the window?
—________.
A．With pleasure B．Go ahead
C．Yes，please
D．That’s OK
解析：選A。問句的意思是“你可不可以好心把窗戶關(guān)上？”這個情景是請對方做某事，所以回答不能用Go ahead，而是With pleasure(愿意)。
12.(高考重慶卷)—Honey，let’s go out for dinner.
—________I don’t have to cook.
A．Forget it！ B．That’s great!
C．Why?
D．Go ahead.
解析：選B。句意：——親愛的，我們?nèi)ネ饷娉酝盹埌??！昧耍∥也槐刈鲲埩?！由語境I don’t have to cook可知，聽話者非常贊同說話者提出的建議，故答案為B項。forget it“沒關(guān)系”“不必太在意”；why？“干嘛？”go ahead“去做吧”，都不符合語境。
⑧ be supposed to do 被期望或被要求(按規(guī)則、慣例等)做(某事)
(回歸課本P49)．..as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.
……因為兩個(大學(xué))都有不錯的物理系。
suppose v.假設(shè)，假定
It is supposed that...認(rèn)為……
be supposed to do/ be sth.被期望做……/應(yīng)該……
I don’t suppose(that)我以為……不會……
I suppose so/not.我想可以/不可以。
be supposed to have done被認(rèn)為做過某事；本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事
【歸納總結(jié)】
①It was generally supposed that it would not happen again.
一般都認(rèn)為此事不會再發(fā)生。
?、贓verybody is supposed to know the law，but few people do.
人人都應(yīng)當(dāng)懂得法律，但很少有人懂。
?、踂hoever was supposed to be fit for the job was asked to sign up.
無論是誰，只要被認(rèn)為適合做這項工作都被要求報了名。
【例句探源】
?、躖ou were supposed to have come，we had been waiting for you.
你應(yīng)當(dāng)來，我們一直在等著你。
?、軹om was supposed to have stolen the money.
湯姆被認(rèn)為偷了錢。
13．—The plane ________arrive at 11∶30，but was almost half an hour late.
—Common practice.
A．was about to B．was likely to
C．was supposed to
D．was certain to
解析：選C。be supposed to do“本應(yīng)該”。
【即境活用】
14.The message is very important，so it is supposed________as soon as possible.
