2024版英語一輪精品復習學案:Unit2《Working the land》(新人教版必修4)

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2024版英語一輪精品復習學案:Unit2《Working the land》(新人教版必修4)

  2024版英語一輪精品復習學案:Unit2《Working the land》(新人教版必修4)

  【高考新動向】

  【考綱全景透析】

  【重點單詞】

  1. struggle vi.&n.斗爭;拼搏;努力[相關短語]

  struggle for 為……而斗爭

  struggle with / against與……作斗爭

  struggle to do sth.努力做某事

  straggle to one’ s feet掙扎著站起來

  a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他們掙扎著從燒著的車里往外爬。

  2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 這本書寫的是他們為解放而作的斗爭。按要求填空或翻譯。

  1). They are ________ (為……而斗爭) the position

  2). They struggled all through the years ______ us _______ the Japanese.(介詞)

  3). The fox struggled ________ (escape).

  4). He _______ _______ _______ _______ (掙扎著站起來) and dragged slowly ahead.

  Keys: 1). struggling for

  2). with; against

  3). to escape

  4). struggled to his feet

  2 expand vi. 擴大,增加,增強;

  vt. 使變大,使增強,闡述

  ① A child’s vocabulary expands through reading .

  孩子的詞匯量通過閱讀得到擴大。

 ?、?Why not try to expand your story into a novel?

  為什么不把你的故事擴展成小說呢?

 ?、?You mentioned the need for extra funding ,Would you expand on that?

  你曾經提到需要一筆額外資金。你詳細談談好嗎?

  3. equip vt.&vi. 配備;裝備

  equipment n.[u] 裝備;設備[重點用法]

  equip sb./sth. with 用……武裝某人;用……裝備某物

  equip sb./sth. for 為……而武裝某人;為……而裝備某物

  a piece of office equipment 一件辦公設備1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他們為遠征治裝。

  2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用終生按要求填空或翻譯。

  1). The soldiers were well _______ _______ (裝備好了) weapons.

  2). We must equip young teachers _______ _______ _______ (對付) difficult children.

  3). This library is equipped _______ (介詞) atomic research.

  4). Our classroom _______ _______ _______ (裝備有) a computer and a tape recorder.

  Keys: 1). equipped with

  2). to deal with

  3). for

  4). is equipped with ① If you don’t do it now,you’ll only regret it.

  你如果現在不做,以后一定會后悔。

  ② He bitterly regretted never having mentioned it.

  他非常懊悔提起那件事。

 ?、?She expressed her regret at the decision.

  她對這個決定表示失望。

  5. reduce 減少,縮?。唤档?/p>

  They've reduced the prices in the shop, so it's a good time to buy.

  商店已經降低了商品的價格,看來現在是買東西的好時候

  The fire reduced the forest to a few trees.

  大火把森林燒得僅剩下幾顆樹

  【拓展延伸】

  reduce…… by 減少了(其后常加百分數,也可加具體數字)

  reduce…… to 減少到(其后常加具體數字)

  The number of the students in our school reduces by 20% this year.

  今年我們學校學生的數量減少了20%

  She reduced her weight to 45 kilograms.

  她的體重減輕到45公斤

  同義詞:decrease

  反義詞:increase,rise ,這三個詞后也可以加 by 和 to,和reduce用法相同

  【即境活用】

  Tom’s weight was reduced ______ 10 kilograms last year

  A. by

  B. to

  C. from

  D. in

  【解析】A 考查reduce的基本用法。此處應根據句意選擇。

  【重點短語】

  1. thanks to幸虧,由于

  Thanks to Germaine’s tireless efforts, the concert was a huge success.

  多虧了杰曼的不辭勞苦,音樂會取得了巨大成功

  Thanks to your help, I got over all the difficulties.

  多虧了你的幫忙,我才能克服所有的困難

  【拓展延伸】

  because of, due to, owing to, on account of 均有“由于”的意思

  The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. 該隊的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力

  Owing to the rain, the meeting has to be put off. 會議因雨而推遲了

  On account of difference in taste, your design do not suit this market. 由于趣味不同。您的款式不合此間市場

  ……表示滿意

  [重點用法]

  sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人滿意

  sb. is satisfied sth. 對……表示滿足或滿意

  be satisfied to do 對做……感到滿意

  be satisfied that clause 對做……感到滿意

  a satisfied smile 滿意的微笑

  a satisfied customer 感到滿意的顧客

  feel a sense of satisfaction感到滿足感

  to sb’ s / sth’ s satisfaction 使某人滿意的是

  far from satisfactory 遠遠不能令人滿足 it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人滿意的

  a satisfactory explanation / performance令人滿意的解釋/演出

  get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one’ s work 從自己的工作中得到滿足

  ……表示滿意

  be content with對……表示滿意

  v satisfy 使……滿意

  Some people are very hard to satisfy.

  adj satisfying= satisfactory 令人滿意的(修飾物)

  What he did is far from satisfactory.

  他所做的遠不能令人滿意

  n. satisfaction 滿足

  to one’s satisfaction 使某人滿意

  The problem was settled to the satisfaction of the customers.

  問題解決了,顧客很滿意

  【即境活用】

  She was ________ the result. We knew it from her ______ look.

  A. satisfying with; satisfied

  B. satisfied with; satisfied

  C. satisfied with; satisfying

  D. satisfying with; satisfying

  【解析】B 考查satisfied和satisfying 的區別。修飾人的表情,聲音用-ed形式

  3. would rather 寧愿;寧可

  ① He would rather walk than take a bus.

  他寧愿走,也不愿騎自行車。

  ② Rather than refuse to help you ,I would borrow money from my friends.

  我寧愿向朋友借錢,也不愿拒絕幫助你。

 ?、?I would rather you went right now.

  我寧愿你馬上就去。

  ④ I’d rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.

  我真希望你那天沒有把那消息告訴他。

  4. lead to通往導致;造成(后果)……導致

  The death of fishes in the river resulted from pollution.

  這條河里的魚的死亡是由于污染導致

  【相關短語】

  lead sb. to 把某人帶到

  lead sb. to do sth. 導致某人做某事

  lead sb. in doing sth. 領導/帶領某人做某事

  lead to sb. doing sth. 導致某人做某事

  1). This misprint led to great confusion. 這個印刷錯誤造成很大的混淆。

  2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行為有可能會導致他丟了工作。1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年,他成了世界上第一位種植高產水稻的農業先鋒。

  不定式放在表示次序的詞the first, the last, the best以及the only, the very, the right等詞后面, 且這些詞與動詞不定式有邏輯上的主謂關系,結構為:the first/last/best/right/only/very/... + n. + to do sth.第一個/最后一個/最好的一個/合適的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物,如:

  1). He is always the first (student) to come and the last to leave. 他總是第一個來和最后一個離開的(學生)。

  2). The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一個離開正在下沉的船的是船長。

  [] 用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。

  1). I think he is the right person ________ (tell) her about this.

  2). I’ d be the first ________ (admit) I might be wrong.

  Keys: 1). to tell

  2). to admit

  2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產量。

  make it + 賓語補足語 + 動詞不定式, it 做形式賓語,動詞不定式是真正的賓語,有時

  真正的賓語是從句。常和動詞consider/think/make/find/believe/declare/feel/guess/imagine/prove

  等連用。如:He felt it his duty to take good care of them. 他感覺到好好照顧他們是他的責任。

  再如:

  1). The bad weather makes it impossible for us to go for a picnic.

  2). We make it a rule to do some English practice before class.

  3). Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long-standing debt.

  4). Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin?

  [即境活用] 翻譯句子。

  1). 我們覺得支持好的領導是我們的職責。

  ___________________________________________________________________________

  2). 我記得我想你講清楚我不會來的。

  ___________________________________________________________________________

  Keys: 1). We consider it our duty to support good leaders.

  2). I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming.

  3. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.

  袁隆平博士種植的是被稱為“超級雜交水稻”的稻種。

  what is /was called 或 what people call /called 是習慣用法,意為“所謂的;人們常說的”,相當于so-called。其中引導詞what 在此句中相當于“the + n.+that”結構。本句可改為

  Dr Yuan Longping grows the rice that is called super hybrid rice .

  ① At last,they reached what is called the New America

  最后,他們到達被稱為美洲大陸的新地方。

  ② He graduated from what was called a key high school.

  他畢業于一所所謂的重點高中。

  【熱點難點全析】

  動詞-ing形式作主語和賓語

  1. 動詞-ing形式可直接置于句首作主語。

  Learning about a language is easier than using it.

   學習有關語言的知識比使用語言容易

  2. 為了保持句子平衡,通常用先行詞it作形式主語,而把真正的主語放在句末。

   It is no use crying over spilt milk.

   作無益的后悔是沒有用的。

  3. 動詞-ing形式作主語的幾個常用句型

   It's no good talking to him.

   和他談話是沒有用的。

   It's worth making an effort.

   努力一下是值得的。

 ?、?動詞-ing形式作賓語

  1.動詞-ing形式既可作及物動詞的賓語,也可作介詞的賓語

   能用動詞-ing形式作賓語的及物動詞可分兩類,一類是只能用動詞-ing形式作賓語,另一類是既可用動詞-ing形式作賓語,也可用不定式作賓語。

  ?、僦荒苡?ing形式作賓語的動詞。這類動詞只能用-ing形式作賓語,不能用不定式作賓語。

   I suggest doing it in a different way.

   我建議用另一種方法做這件事

   They admitted smoking/having smoked in the hall.

   他們承認在大廳里抽過煙

   只能接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞:

  admit 承認 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 resist 抵制 keep 保持

  consider 考慮 delay 耽擱 dislike 嫌惡 practice 練習 mention 提及

  enjoy 喜歡 escape 避免 excuse 原諒 risk 冒險 mind 介意

  fancy 想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 miss 逃過 include 包括

  2. need, require, want作“需要”解時,后面接動詞-ing形式的主動形式或不定式的被動形式,意義上并無差別,但用動詞-ing形式比較普通

   Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected.

   你的作文需要修改。

   His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned.

   他的外套需要洗了。

  3. ☆有些動詞或詞組后可帶動名詞或不定式作賓語,但意義上有所不同

   go on to do做完一件事后,接下去做另外一件事doing 繼續做同一件事。

   Mean to do想要做某事

  doing 意味著要有一個結果

   regret to do 對即將要做的事表示遺憾 doing 對所做的事感到后悔

   remember to do 講的是將來的事,表示“不要忘記”doing 講的是過去的事,表示“記起來”

  forget to do 忘記要做某事 doing 忘記以前曾做過的事

  Stop to do 停止原來做的事,開始做另一件事 doing 停止正在做的事

   Try to do 設法做某事 doing 試驗做某事

  4. 作介詞賓語

   動詞-ing形式作介詞賓語大都和一些固定搭配有關常見的幾種搭配形式有:

  What prevented you from joining us last night?

   昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我們在一起?

  We like his way of teaching English.

   我們喜歡他教英語的方式。

   I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners.

   我在和外國人交談方面沒有什么困難。  

   to既可以是介詞,也可以是不定式符號,在使用中比較容易混淆。若是不定式符號,to后接動詞原形;若是介詞,to后需接動詞-ing形式

   You must get used to washing your face with cold water.

   你必須習慣用冷水洗臉。

   He is looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.

   他盼望今年暑假見到你

   常見的帶介詞to的短語:

  be used to 習慣 be related to 與……有關 get down to 著手做

  be given to 沉溺于 put one's mind to? 全神貫注于 give rise to 引起

  be equal to 勝任 devote oneself to 獻身于 lead to 導致

  be opposed to 反對 look forward to 盼望 object to 反對

  【語法專練】

  1. Thomas was a real friend, for he advised me as well as ______me with my English.

  A. help

  B. to help

  C. helping

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