高考英語第二輪語法專題復習教案四：虛擬語氣

　　高考英語第二輪語法專題復習四

　　虛擬語氣 Subjunctive mood

　　虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：

　　1、虛擬條件句。

　　2、名詞性虛擬語氣。

　　3、虛擬語氣的其他用語。

　　一、虛擬條件句：

　　條件狀語從句是非真實情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。

　　1、條件從句與現在事實不一致，其句型為：

　　If 主語＋過去時，主語＋should（could, would, 或might）＋動詞原形，如：

　　If I were you, I would study hard.

　　If it rained, I would not be here now.

　　2、條件從句與過去事實不一致，句型為：

　　If 主語＋had＋過去分詞，主語＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have＋過去分詞，如：

　　If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.

　　If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.

　　3、條件從句與將來事實不一致，句型為：

　　＋do，主語＋should（could…）＋ 原形 do

　　過去時（與現在事實條件句一樣）。

　　If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

　　If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.

　　If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.

　　注意問題：

　　1、If條件句中絕對不可出現“would”。

　　2、根據句中的時間狀語，有時可能出現“混合虛擬”的情況，即主句可能是現在的情況，條件句也許是發生在過去的情況，但都是遵守上述句型。

　　3、在條件句中如果出現were, had, should可省去if，將主語與這些詞倒裝，例如：

　　Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.

　　Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.

　　Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

　　二、名詞性虛擬語氣：

　　在表示命令、建議要求、驚嘆時的名詞性從句中需用虛擬語氣，基本句型：

　　主語＋（should）＋動詞原形，如：

　　Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（賓語從句）

　　We suggested that the meeting should not be held.

　　It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.（主語從句）

　　The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位語從句）

　　That is their demand that their wages be increased.（表語從句）

　　注意：在這種句子中絕不出現“would”“must”“could”等。

　　三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句：

　　1、wish后的賓語從句：

　　與現在愿望不一致 主語＋過去時；

　　與過去愿望不一致 主語＋had＋過去分詞；

　　與未來愿望不一致 主語＋would（could）＋原形。

　　I wish I were you.

　　I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.

　　I wish I met you tomorrow at the party.

　　2、It’s time句型：當It’s time后用that從句時應該為：

　　主語＋should＋原形 或 主語＋過去時，例如：

　　It’s time that you went to school. 或

　　It’s time that you should go to school.

　　3、If only引起的感嘆句相當于“How I wish＋賓語從句”

　　If only he could come!

　　他要能來就好了。

　　If only I had known the answer!

　　我要早知答案就好了。

　　4、would rather, as if（though）引導的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時，表示現在與將來的情況用過去時，如：

　　I’d rather you posted the letter right away.

　　I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday.

　　She loves the children as if they were hers.

　　Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.

　　5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。

　　Without you, I would never know him.

　　But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well.

　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no.

　　I would be most glad to help you, but I’ am busy now.

　　I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.

　　I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor!

　　【專項訓練】

　　1、It is important that a college student

　　a foreign language.

　　A．will master B．master

　　C．masters

　　D．would master

　　2、It is strange that she

　　without saying a word.

　　A．should have gone out

　　B．went

　　C．should go out

　　D．goes out

　　3、If my lawyer

　　here last Saturday, he

　　me from going.

　　A．had been, would have prevented

　　B．had been, would prevent

　　C．were, would prevent

　　D．were, would have prevent

　　4、 ——“He is a brave man.”

　　——“Yes, I wish I

　　his courage.”

　　A．have

　　B．had

　　C．will have

　　D．may have

　　5、If it

　　rain, the crops would be saved.

　　A．should

　　B．will

　　C．is going to D．was to

　　6、He ordered that the medicine

　　by a special plane.

　　A．was sent

　　B．would be sent

　　C．should send

　　D．be sent

　　7、If you

　　the medicine, you

　　better now.

　　A．took, would feel

　　B．had taken, felt

　　C．had taken, would feel

　　D．took, would have felt

　　8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if

　　my mother.

　　A．is

　　B．was

　　C．were

　　D．had been

　　9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I

　　so.

　　A．didn’t do

　　B．hadn’t do

　　C．haven’t done D．couldn’t do

　　10、I’d rather he

　　tomorrow afternoon.

　　A．will come

　　B．comes

　　C．coming

　　D．came

　　答案：

　　1、B

　　2、A

　　3、A

　　4、B

　　5、A

　　6、D

　　7、C

　　8、C

　　9、B

　　10、D

　　高考英語第二輪語法專題復習四

　　虛擬語氣 Subjunctive mood

　　虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：

　　1、虛擬條件句。

　　2、名詞性虛擬語氣。

　　3、虛擬語氣的其他用語。

　　一、虛擬條件句：

　　條件狀語從句是非真實情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。

　　1、條件從句與現在事實不一致，其句型為：

　　If 主語＋過去時，主語＋should（could, would, 或might）＋動詞原形，如：

　　If I were you, I would study hard.

　　If it rained, I would not be here now.

　　2、條件從句與過去事實不一致，句型為：

　　If 主語＋had＋過去分詞，主語＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have＋過去分詞，如：

　　If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.

　　If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.

　　3、條件從句與將來事實不一致，句型為：

　?。玠o，主語＋should（could…）＋ 原形 do

　　過去時（與現在事實條件句一樣）。

　　If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

　　If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.

　　If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.

　　注意問題：

　　1、If條件句中絕對不可出現“would”。

　　2、根據句中的時間狀語，有時可能出現“混合虛擬”的情況，即主句可能是現在的情況，條件句也許是發生在過去的情況，但都是遵守上述句型。

　　3、在條件句中如果出現were, had, should可省去if，將主語與這些詞倒裝，例如：

　　Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.

　　Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.

　　Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

　　二、名詞性虛擬語氣：

　　在表示命令、建議要求、驚嘆時的名詞性從句中需用虛擬語氣，基本句型：

　　主語＋（should）＋動詞原形，如：

　　Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（賓語從句）

　　We suggested that the meeting should not be held.

　　It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.（主語從句）

　　The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位語從句）

　　That is their demand that their wages be increased.（表語從句）

　　注意：在這種句子中絕不出現“would”“must”“could”等。

　　三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句：

　　1、wish后的賓語從句：

　　與現在愿望不一致 主語＋過去時；

　　與過去愿望不一致 主語＋had＋過去分詞；

　　與未來愿望不一致 主語＋would（could）＋原形。

　　I wish I were you.

　　I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.

　　I wish I met you tomorrow at the party.

　　2、It’s time句型：當It’s time后用that從句時應該為：

　　主語＋should＋原形 或 主語＋過去時，例如：

　　It’s time that you went to school. 或

　　It’s time that you should go to school.

　　3、If only引起的感嘆句相當于“How I wish＋賓語從句”

　　If only he could come!

　　他要能來就好了。

　　If only I had known the answer!

　　我要早知答案就好了。

　　4、would rather, as if（though）引導的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時，表示現在與將來的情況用過去時，如：

　　I’d rather you posted the letter right away.

　　I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday.

　　She loves the children as if they were hers.

　　Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.

　　5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。

　　Without you, I would never know him.

　　But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well.

　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no.

　　I would be most glad to help you, but I’ am busy now.

　　I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.

　　I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor!

　　【專項訓練】

　　1、It is important that a college student

　　a foreign language.

　　A．will master B．master

　　C．masters

　　D．would master

　　2、It is strange that she

　　without saying a word.

　　A．should have gone out

　　B．went

　　C．should go out

　　D．goes out

　　3、If my lawyer

　　here last Saturday, he

　　me from going.

　　A．had been, would have prevented

　　B．had been, would prevent

　　C．were, would prevent

　　D．were, would have prevent

　　4、 ——“He is a brave man.”

　　——“Yes, I wish I

　　his courage.”

　　A．have

　　B．had

　　C．will have

　　D．may have

　　5、If it

　　rain, the crops would be saved.

　　A．should

　　B．will

　　C．is going to D．was to

　　6、He ordered that the medicine

　　by a special plane.

　　A．was sent

　　B．would be sent

　　C．should send

　　D．be sent

　　7、If you

　　the medicine, you

　　better now.

　　A．took, would feel

　　B．had taken, felt

　　C．had taken, would feel

　　D．took, would have felt

　　8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if

　　my mother.

　　A．is

　　B．was

　　C．were

　　D．had been

　　9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I

　　so.

　　A．didn’t do

　　B．hadn’t do

　　C．haven’t done D．couldn’t do

　　10、I’d rather he

　　tomorrow afternoon.

　　A．will come

　　B．comes

　　C．coming

　　D．came

　　答案：

　　1、B

　　2、A

　　3、A

　　4、B

　　5、A

　　6、D

　　7、C

　　8、C

　　9、B

　　10、D