2024屆高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語同步練習(xí)：完形填空（說明文）練習(xí)（1）

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　　2024高考英語：完形填空（說明文）練習(xí)（1）及答案

　　說明文

　　【英語卷(解析)·2024屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三小一調(diào)考試（202408）掃描版】

　　完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的ABCD四個選項(xiàng)，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

　　In the 1450s Johannes Gutenberg, a Gennan printer, developed a new printing press(印刷機(jī))。Then single letters could be __41____ in lines to create a page of text.

　　The letters were made of metal.Each one could be ___42___ to different parts of the press,depending on which words were___43____

　　on a certain page. This was one of the most important ___44_____ in the history of pringting.

　　___45____, most books had been created by copying out text by hand. The__46__of a single book would take many hours or even days. With the Gutenberg press, ___47___ could be printted in several seconds, and many copies of books could be created in a few hours.

　　Gutenberg's printing press was not so much an i___48____, however, as an improvement of developing technologies. The Chinese were the first to use wooden blocks(木刻版)，as early as the 8th century. Then great __49___was made around 1040. The movable type was invented by Bi Sheng in China. European ___50____the printing methods centuries later. Another contribution to Cutenberg`s system also come from the East,__51____.The Chinese invented paper using ___52___materials,including old clothes. The kind of the inexpensive paper was introduced into Europe in 1000 or so. This kind of paper was __53___for the new European printing presses,__54____it took in the only ink required for the metal type.

　　Printing soon became an important __55___in a rapidly growing world. By 1500,nearly 35,000 books were in print worldwide. But the printing press did not ___56___a lot for a long time. In the 19th century , however, iron ____57___wood in the press`s framework. And paper became___58___in continuous rolls rather than more expensive single pieces. Steam engines ___59__the speed at which the press ran. In the late 1900s,the introduction of better presses greatly __60___the time it took to turn ideas into books.

　　41.A.used

　　B. put

　　C. read

　　D. written

　　42.A.shown

　　B .turned

　　C. moved

　　D. added

　　43.A.needed

　　B. lost

　　C. collected

　　D. found

　　44.A.challenged

　　B. studies

　　C. discoveries

　　D. developments

　　45.A.Recently

　　B. Immediately

　　C. Previously

　　D. Finally

　　46.A.discussion

　　B. production

　　C. instruction

　　D. preparation

　　47.A.pages

　　B. ideas

　　C. models

　　D. characters

　　48.A.attraction

　　B . expressin

　　C. competition

　　D. invention

　　49.A.accident

　　B. research

　　C. progress

　　D. situation

　　50.A.believed

　　B. followed

　　C .tested

　　D. required

　　51.A.paper

　　B. wood

　　C. letters

　　D. metal

　　52.A.fine

　　B. thin

　　C. heavy

　　D. cheap

　　53.A.useless

　　B. special

　　C. good

　　D. impossible

　　54.A.as

　　B. although

　　C. until

　　D. unless

　　55.A.fashion

　　B. industry

　　C. trick

　　D. belief

　　56.A.apply

　　B. help

　　C. work

　　D. change

　　57.A.replaced

　　B. controlled

　　C. became

　　D. protected

　　58.A.necesary

　　B. available

　　C. normal

　　D. valuable

　　59.A.reached

　　B. limited

　　C. increased

　　D. kept

　　60.A.made

　　B. allowed

　　C. wasted

　　D. reduced

　　【答案】【知識點(diǎn)】B4

　　說明文

　　【文章綜述】本文講述的本文印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展。

　　【答案解析】

　　41B.考查動詞辨析A. used使用；B. put放；C. read讀；D. written寫；句意：然后這些單一的字母被排列成行制成一個文本。Put sth in lines把。。東西排列成行，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　42.C考查動詞辨析A. shown 展示；B. turned 轉(zhuǎn)過來；C .moved 移動；D. added 增加；句意：根據(jù)版面對于他的需要，每個字母可以移動到不同的地方。根據(jù)句意可知每個字母都可以移動，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　43.A考查動詞辨析A. needed需要；B. lost失去；C. collected收集；D. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；句意：根據(jù)版面對于他的需要，每個字母可以移動到不同的地方。根據(jù)句意選A項(xiàng)。

　　44.D考查名詞辨析A. challenges B. studies研究；C. discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)；D. developments發(fā)展；句意：這是印刷史上最重要的發(fā)展之一。根據(jù)第一句話In the 1450s Johannes Gutenberg, a Gennan printer, developed a new printing press可知選D項(xiàng)。

　　45.C考查副詞辨析A.Recently最近；B .Immediately立刻；C. Previously先前地；D. Finally最后地；句意：以前，許多的書可以能過手來進(jìn)行抄寫。根據(jù)語境可知在講述以前的事情，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　46.B考查名詞辨析A.discussion討論；B. production生產(chǎn)；C. instruction說明；D. preparation準(zhǔn)備；句意：一本書的生產(chǎn)會花費(fèi)數(shù)小時甚至一天的時間。根據(jù)上文提到most books had been created by copying out text by hand可知選B項(xiàng)。

　　47.A考查名詞辨析A.pages頁；B. ideas想法；C .models模型；D.

　　characters角色；句意：用這種印刷機(jī)，在幾秒鐘內(nèi)能打許多頁，在幾小時內(nèi)就可印刷數(shù)本書。根據(jù)句意可知在幾秒鐘內(nèi)印數(shù)頁，再由頁數(shù)構(gòu)成書，故選A項(xiàng)。

　　48.D考查名詞辨析A.attraction吸引；B. expressin表達(dá)；C. competition比賽；D. invention發(fā)明；句意：古騰堡印刷術(shù)做為一項(xiàng)科技的發(fā)展并不是一項(xiàng)發(fā)明。根據(jù)下方提到The Chinese were the first to use wooden blocks(木刻版)，as early as the 8th century.

　　49.C考查名詞辨析A.accident事故；B. research研究；C. progress進(jìn)步；D. situation狀況；句意：然而比古騰堡印刷術(shù)早1040年。Make progress取得進(jìn)步，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　50.B考查動詞辨析A.believed相信；B. followed跟隨；C. tested檢測；D . required 要求句意：畢升發(fā)明活字印刷術(shù)，數(shù)世紀(jì)后歐洲也緊隨其后。

　　51.A考查名詞辨析A.paper紙；B. wood木頭；C. letters信；D .metal金屬；句意：古騰堡另外一個貢獻(xiàn)就是紙。根據(jù)下方提到The Chinese invented paper，故選A項(xiàng)。

　　52.D考查形容詞辨析A.fine好的；B. thin瘦；C. heavy 重的；D. cheap便宜的；句意：中國發(fā)明了紙，用便宜的原料，包括舊衣服。根據(jù)下方提到The kind of the inexpensive paper was introduced into Europe in 1000 or so.可知選D項(xiàng)。

　　53.C考查形容詞辨析A.useless無用的；B. special 特別的；C. good 好的；D. impossible不可能的；句意：這種紙有利于歐洲印刷術(shù)的進(jìn)步。Be good for 對。。有好處，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　54.A考查連詞辨析A.as由于；B .although雖然；C. until 直到；D. unless 除非；句意：因?yàn)樗m用于這種金屬類型的印刷的油墨。兩個句子之間是因果關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。

　　55.B考查名詞辨析A.fashion時尚；B .industry工業(yè)；C .trick 技巧；D. belief信念；句意：印刷很快成為這個快速發(fā)展的世界的重要的工業(yè)。根據(jù)句意可知印刷成為一項(xiàng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　56.D考查動詞辨析A.apply 申請；B. help 幫助；C. work工作；D. change改變；句意：但印刷術(shù)在很長時間內(nèi)并沒有改變。根據(jù)but可知表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選D項(xiàng)。

　　57.A考查動詞辨析A.replaced代替；B. controlled控制；C. became成為； D. protected 保護(hù)；句意：到了19世紀(jì)，鐵代替木頭在印刷中的框架作用。根據(jù)語境時代在發(fā)展，技術(shù)越來越先進(jìn)，故選A項(xiàng)。

　　58.B考查形容詞辨析A.necesary必要的；B. available可達(dá)到的；C. normal正常的；D. valuable有價值的；句意：紙變得更便宜。根據(jù)文中提到rather than more expensive single pieces而不是更貴的紙張，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　59.C考查動詞辨析A.reached到達(dá)；B. limited限制；C. increased增加；D. kept保持；句意：蒸汽機(jī)增加印刷的快速發(fā)展。根據(jù)語境可知蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明加速印刷的發(fā)展，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　60.D考查動詞辨析A.made制作；B. allowed 允許；C. wasted浪費(fèi)；D. reduced減少；句意：到20世紀(jì)，更先進(jìn)印刷術(shù)的引進(jìn)減少把想法變成書的時間。

　　【由上海市黃浦區(qū)2024模擬改編】

　　Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

　　In India, almost all marriages are arranged. Even among the educated middle classes in modern urban India, marriage is as much a concern of the families as it is of the __1__. So customary is the practice of arranged marriage that there is a special name for a marriage which is not __2__: It is called a “l(fā)ove match”.

　　On my first trip to India, I met many young men and women whose parents were in the process of “getting them married”. In many cases, the bride and groom would not meet each other before the marriage. __3__ they might meet for a brief conversation, and this meeting would take place only after their parents had decided that the match was __4__. Parents do not force their children to marry a person who either marriage partner finds unacceptable. But only after one match is refused will another be sought.

　　As a young American woman in India for the first time, I found this custom of arranged marriage __5__. How could any intelligent young person __6__ to such a marriage without great reluctance? It was __7__ to everything I believed about the importance of romantic love as the only basis of a happy marriage. It was also in conflict with my strongly held beliefs that the choice of such a close and permanent relationship could be made only by individuals __8__. If anyone had tried to arrange my marriage, I would have been __9__!

　　Sita, one of my young friends, was a college graduate with a degree in political science. She had been __10__ for over a year while her parents were arranging a match for her. I found it difficult to accept the obedient（順從的） manner in which this well-educated young woman awaited the outcome of a process that would __11__ her spending the rest of her life with a man she hardly knew, a total stranger, __12__ by her parents.

　　In frustration and distress, I asked her, “Don’t you care who you __13__?” “Of course I care,” she answered. “This is why I must let my parents choose a boy for me. My marriage is too important to be arranged by such a(n) __14__ person as myself. In such matters, it is better to have my parents’ __15__”.

　　1. A. classes

　　B. individuals

　　C. society

　　D. country

　　A. matched

　　B. decided

　　C. concerned

　　D. arranged

　　A. After all

　　B. In addition

　　C. At most

　　D. On average

　　A. comfortable

　　B. imperfect

　　C. suitable

　　D. dissatisfying

　　5. A. acceptable

　　B. amazing

　　C. depressing

　　D. strange

　　6. A. agree

　　B. turn

　　C. exchange

　　D. devote

　　A. customary

　　B. remarkable

　　C. similar

　　D. contrary

　　A. involved

　　B. present

　　C. informed

　　D. available

　　A. ambitious

　　B. proud

　　C. rebellious

　　D. puzzled

　　10.

　　A. fighting

　　B. protesting

　　C. waiting

　　D. dreaming

　　11.

　　A. profit from

　　B. hold back

　　C. act out

　　D. result in

　　12.

　　A. picked out

　　B. picked up

　　C. taken up

　　D. taken out

　　13.

　　A. encounter

　　B. favor

　　C. marry

　　D. join

　　14.

　　A. intelligent

　　B. unfortunate

　　C. inexperienced

　　D. careless

　　15.

　　A. blessing

　　B. guidance

　　C. fortune

　　D. promise

　　【參考答案】1 – 5 BDCCD

　　6 – 10 ADACC

　　11 – 15 DACCB

　　【由上海市崇明縣2024模擬改編】

　　Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

　　Due to rising pollution and a strengthening yuan, Beijing saw its tourist numbers drop to 4.20 million visits from January to November in 2024 from 5.01 million visits in 2024.

　　The number of overseas travelers to Beijing grew after the city hosted the 2008 Olympics until 2024, when it saw a 3.8% __1__, followed by the further drop last year. The unexpected drop in 2024 came __2__ new policies introduced in a(n) __3__ to support China’s tourism industry. But only 14,000 tourists __4__ the visa-free stopover, according to the Beijing General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection, well short of the 20,000 target officials had __5__ predicted.

　　Jiang Yiyi, deputy director of the Institute of International Tourism at the China Tourism Academy, __6__ part of the drop-off in foreign tourists to the strengthening yuan.

　　In 2024, the yuan increased almost 3% against the U.S. dollar, making “Beijing a more expensive __7__ than in the past”, Jiang Yiyi noted. “At the same time,” she said, “other countries have seen their tourist numbers grow as the currencies(貨幣) __8__. While RMB is on the rise, currencies from some of China’s __9__ for tourism, such as Japan, are depreciating(貶值), meaning travel to some other Asian countries has been getting cheaper while travel to China is becoming more expensive, ” Jiang Yiyi said. In 2024, the Japanese yen fell 21% against the U.S. dollar, __10__ 10 million overseas tourists.

　　The Beijing Tourism Development Commission noted that the country’s battle with pollution is another __11__ cities face in attracting overseas tourists.

　　Heavy air pollution from Beijing to Shanghai, where pollution levels went off the charts in December, __12__ don’t do much to help attract tourists. China’s tourism officials are expecting to __13__ the trend of declining overseas visitors in 2024—possible, experts say, if it __14__ its outdated tour packages and lowers ticket prices.

　　Jiang Yiyi at the China Tourism Academy suggests China adopt a long-term national plan to __15__ the country’s image and investment in overseas tourism to attract more visitors.

　　1. A. growth

　　B. decline

　　C. change

　　D. influence

　　2. A. in addition to B. by means of

　　C. as a result of

　　D. in spite of

　　3. A. attempt

　　B. agreement

　　C. hurry

　　D. mood

　　4. A. got familiar with B. came up with