2024年高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集15

　　2024高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集15

　　Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關

　　1．surround vt.&vi.包圍，環繞，圍繞

　　surrounding adj.周圍的

　　surroundings n. (pl.)環境

　　be surrounded with/by... 被……環繞/包圍

　　in a surrounding area 在周圍地區

　　be situated/located in very pleasant surroundings位于優美的環境中

　　[即學即練1]

　　(1)The Los Angeles Basin ______ ___________ ______ three sides ______ high mountains.洛杉磯盆地三面都是高山。

　　(2)The peasants are allowed to cultivate ______ __________ ______.允許農民耕種周圍的土地。

　　(3)Animals in a zoo are not living ______ their natural ____________.動物園里的動物們不是生活在自然環境之中。

　　答案：is surrounded on by;the surrounding land;in surroundings

　　2．measure n. [U] 量度，測量，尺寸；[C]措施 vt.&vi.測量，丈量，計量

　　make clothes to one‘s own measure 量體裁衣

　　by measure 按尺寸

　　take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施

　　beyond measure 無法估量，極度，過分

　　be measured in 以……來計算

　　[即學即練2]

　　(1) We must ______ ____________ _________ to solve these problems one by one.我們必須采取必要的措施逐個解決問題。

　　(2) This room ___________ 6 metres by 4.這個房間有6米長，4米寬。

　　(3)Did you __________ the distance between those two development areas?你們測量了那兩個開發區之間的距離了嗎？

　　答案：take necessary measures; measures; measure

　　3．within prep. 在……之內；不越出

　　within reach 夠得著

　　within sight 在視線范圍內

　　within one‘s power 力所能及

　　within an hour 一小時內

　　within call 在附近；隨叫隨到

　　within reason 理智地；合理地

　　[即學即練3]

　　(1)You should receive a reply ______ ______ ______.你會在七天內收到答復。

　　(2)It wasn't ______ ______ ______ to help her.幫助她并非我力所能及的事。

　　答案：within seven days; within my power

　　4．border n. 邊界；國界；邊沿 vt. &vi. 與……接壤；接近

　　a border town 邊境城市

　　the border of the lake 湖邊

　　on the border of 將要，接近于，在……的邊界上

　　border on sth. 接近某物，毗鄰某物；幾乎相同；近似

　　[即學即練4]

　　(1)France ________ Germany ______ parts of the Rhine.法國沿萊茵河部分河段與德國接壤。

　　(2)She felt an anxiety ___________ ______ hysteria.她感覺到一種近乎歇斯底里的焦慮。

　　(3)The large garden ______ __________ ______ a stream.大花園緊臨著一條小溪。

　　答案：borders along;bordering on；is bordered by

　　5．confirm vt. 證實，確認，批準，確定

　　confirmation n. 證實，證明，確定，證明書

　　confirmed adj. 已被證實的；確定的

　　confirm a rumour 證實傳聞

　　confirm a theory 證實一種理論

　　confirm the time of arrival 確定到達的時間

　　confirm one‘s belief 堅定信念

　　confirm a project 批準某個項目

　　confirm a contract 批準合同

　　confirm sb. in office 批準……上任

　　[即學即練5]

　　(1)The experiment _________ _________ ______.那實驗印證了他的理論。

　　(2)The President _________ that he would visit Japan the following month.總統證實他將于下個月訪問日本。

　　(3)Their advice __________ ______ ______.他們的勸告更加強了我的決心。

　　答案：confirmed his theory;confirmed;confirmed my decision

　　6．distance n. 距離；遠方；遙遠；疏遠　v. 不介入；與……疏遠

　　distant adj. 遙遠的；遠處的；久遠的

　　at a distance 隔一段距離；距離稍遠

　　in the distance 在遠方

　　out of distance from 離……太遠，達不到

　　keep sb. at a distance 對……冷淡，與……疏遠

　　keep one‘s distance from 與……保持距離

　　distance yourself from 不介入；與……疏遠

　　[即學即練6]

　　(1)I don't know ______ _________(距離) from Beijing to Shanghai.

　　(2)The hospital is ______ ______ (不遠) at all.

　　(3)The oil painting looks better ______ ______ ______(遠看起來)．

　　(4)______ ______ ___________(從遠處)，I would see them waving their hands.

　　(5)I can see a light ______ ______ _________(在遠處)．

　　答案：the distance; not distant; at a distance; in the distance; in the distance

　　7. chat vi.&n. 聊天；閑聊

　　[典例]

　　1). What were you chatting to him about? 你和他聊了些什麼?

　　2). I had a long chat with her (about her job).（關於她的工作）我和她聊了很久。

　　[重點用法]

　　chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 與某人聊天、閑談……

　　[練習] 根據句子的意思在括號里填入所給詞的適當形式或介詞。

　　1). She often spends hours on the phone _______ (chat) to her friends.

　　2). We had a nice chat _______ (介詞) a cup of tea.

　　答案：1). chatting

　　2). over

　　8. eastward adv. 向東

　　adj. 向東的；朝東的

　　[典例]

　　1). They were traveling eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他們朝著東邊向夢想中的城市進發。

　　2). The plane flied in an eastward direction. 飛機向東邊飛去。

　　[詞語歸納]

　　eastward(s) adj./adv. 向東的，向東地

　　westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地

　　southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地

　　northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地

　　southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向東南的，向東南地

　　northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向東北的，向東北地

　　southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地

　　northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向東北的，向東北地

　　[練習] 根據句子的意思在括號里填入適當的詞。

　　1). It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled ________ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture.

　　2). When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an __________ direction.

　　答案：1). westward(s)

　　2). southward(s)

　　9. surround vt.&vi. 包圍；圍繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的 surroundings (常用pl.)環境

　　[典例]

　　1). Trees surround the pond. 樹木圍繞著池塘。

　　2). The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墻。

　　[重點用法]

　　surround...with... 用……包圍……

　　be surrounded by/with... 周圍都是……

　　[練習] 用surround的短語或其適當形式填空。

　　1). _______ by a group of children, he felt happy.

　　2). There is no such kind of modern hospital in the ________ areas.

　　3). She has always been _______ _______fashionable friends.

　　4). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _______.

　　5). With the house_______, the thief couldn’t flee and was caught.

　　答案：1). Surrounded

　　2). surrounding

　　3). surrounded with

　　4). surroundings

　　5). surrounded

　　10. measure vi.&vt. 測量；衡量；判定

　　n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；計量單位；措施

　　[典例]

　　1). Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用這把尺子能量得準嗎?

　　2). It’ s hard to measure his ability when we haven’ t seen his work. 沒有見過他的作品, 很難估計他的能力。

　　[重點用法]

　　measure A by B 用B衡量A

　　sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物長4米寬2米

　　measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb’ s measure 給某人量身做一套衣服

　　[練習] 用measure的短語填空或翻譯句子。

　　1). The tailor made a suit ______ _______ _______.

　　2). Success isn’ t _______ _______ how much money you have.

　　3). 我們教室的尺寸是長10米寬6米。

　　_______________________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：1). to my measure

　　2). measured by

　　3). Our classroom measures 6 metres by 10 metres.

　　11. mix vt.&vi. 混合；調配

　　mixture n.[u,c] 混合（物）；混合狀態

　　[典例]

　　1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 藥劑師給我配了些藥。

　　2). Oil and water don’ t mix. 油和水不能混合。

　　3). Oil won’ t mix with water. 油不能和水混合。

　　[詞語歸納] mix的短語：

　　mix A and/with B 把甲與乙拌和起來

　　mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物

　　mix sth. in/into把某物摻進去

　　be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 與某事有關；與某人混在一起

　　[練習] 用mix的短語的適當形式或介詞填空。

　　1). Don’ t try to _______ business ______ pleasure.

　　2). Mix the eggs ______ the flour.

　　3). I don’ t want to ______ ______ ______ in the affair.

　　答案：1). mix; with

　　2). into

　　3). be mixed up

　　12. nearby adj.附近的；鄰近的 adv.在附近

　　[典例]

　　1). Her mother lived in a nearby town. 他的媽媽住在一個附近的城鎮。

　　2). Her mother lived nearby. 他的媽媽住在附近。

　　[重點用法]

　　nearby作形容詞時，既可放在被修飾詞之后也可放在被修飾詞之前。如：

　　There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.

　　13. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐嚇 terrified adj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的

　　[典例]

　　1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 他講鬼故事嚇壞了他的孩子。

　　2). Her husband’ s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐懼。

　　[重點用法]

　　be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐嚇

　　be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）

　　[練習] 用terrify的適當形式或介詞填空。

　　1). She ______ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.

　　2). She was terrified ______ the thought that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.

　　3). It was a ______ experience.

　　答案：1). was terrified that

　　2). at

　　3). terrifying

　　14. impress vt.使印象深刻；使銘記

　　impression n.[c]印象；感想

　　impressive adj.給人印象深刻的

　　[典例]

　　1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外國游客無一不對該市留有深刻印象。

　　2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我們極為欽佩。

　　[重點用法]

　　impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人銘記某事物

　　make/give/crate an impression on/upon... 給……一個印象

　　have/get the impression that 有……的印象

　　[練習] 用impress的短語或介詞填空。

　　1). Father _______ _______ me the value of hard work.

　　2). One candidate in particular ______ us ______ her knowledge.

　　3). You ______ an excellent ______ ______ us.

　　4). When I first met him I ______ ______ ______ ______ he was a humorous man.

　　答案：1). impressed; on

　　2). impressed; with

　　3). made; impression upon

　　4). had the impression that

　　II.重點詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料）

　　1. rather than... 是……而不是……；與其……不如……；不愿

　　[典例]

　　1). He ran rather than walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。

　　2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price與其讓蔬菜爛掉，他半價把它們賣掉。

　　[重點用法]

　　do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B卻做A

　　A rather than B 是A而不是B

　　would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 寧可做A而不做B

　　prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜歡做A而不做B

　　would rather sb. did/had done sth. 寧愿某人做某事

　　注意：rather than表示客觀事實，它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞(短語)、動名詞、分句、不定式、動詞等。后接不定式時，不定式可以帶to，也可以不帶to。但rather than位于句首時，則只能接不帶to 的不定式。

　　[練習] 根據句子意思及要求填空或翻譯。

　　1). He came running all the way ______ ______walking.

　　2). Rather than ______ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ (ride) a bicycle.

　　3). I’ d rather you ______ ______ (not come) yesterday.

　　4). She likes to keep things in the house ______ ______ throw them away, though many are useless.

　　5). I think Tom, ______ ______ you, ______ ______ ______ (blame).

　　6). 他寧愿死也不愿在街上乞討。_____________________________________________

　　答案：1). rather than

　　2). ride; to ride

　　3). hadn’ t come

　　4). rather than

　　5). rather than; is to blame

　　6). He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street.

　　2. settle down 舒適地坐下或躺下；（使）安靜、安頓、安心；習慣於新的生活方式/工作等

　　[典例]

　　1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒適地坐在單座沙發上看書。

　　2). When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什麼時候結婚過上安定生活?

　　[短語歸納] 與settle相關的短語：

　　settle down to… 使某人安下心來做……

　　settle (down) in ... 在……定居下來

　　settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解決一爭端/爭論/問題

　　[練習] 根據句子意思及要求填空或翻譯。

　　1). Something is disturbing him, so he can’ t ______ ______ ______ (安下心來) his work.

　　2). He finally settled down to ______ (do) his homework.