怎樣用PQ4R提高閱讀學(xué)習(xí)能力？
在基礎(chǔ)閱讀和閱讀理解方面有特殊困難的學(xué)生，需要有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法，例如PQ4R。這一方法，同樣適用于那些程度較好的學(xué)生提高閱讀理解能力及記憶力。PQ4R是一種良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法，所有年齡段的學(xué)生均可使用。
這一學(xué)習(xí)方法，不僅能夠提升學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，而且有望使學(xué)生對已讀材料的記憶達(dá)到70%。PQ4R是preview（預(yù)覽）、question（提問）、read（閱讀）、reflect（思考）、recite（背誦）以及review（回顧）的首字母的縮略詞。了解以下六個步驟，學(xué)習(xí)如何使用PQ4R學(xué)習(xí)法。
1.Preview
1.預(yù)覽
Look through the pages of your reading passage and read the headings of the chapter. Read the first and last paragraph in each section. View the illustrations in each section. Read the captions under the pictures. This will help you synthesize the information.
瀏覽閱讀材料的頁數(shù)，查看本章的標(biāo)題。瀏覽每節(jié)內(nèi)容的第一段和最后一段。查看每節(jié)出現(xiàn)的插圖。認(rèn)真閱讀圖片下方的解說，將助你更好把握材料信息。
2.Question
2.提出問題
Think about the information you learned in the preview. Ask yourself questions about it. Think about what you already know about the ideas you saw during your preview. What do you think will be the main points raised in the chapter? What do you expect to learn from reading this material?
回憶自己在預(yù)覽步驟中所了解的信息。就這些信息提出問題。思考在預(yù)覽過程中，自己已了解哪些信息。問問自己，本章想要表達(dá)的主旨究竟是什么？自己期望從這篇教材中學(xué)到什么？
3.Read
3.閱讀
Read the passage. If there are ideas that seem important, make a note of them on paper. If the book belongs to you, consider making notes in the margins and highlight important parts in the book. If you just can't imagine writing in your book, use sticky notes or make your notes on paper.
閱讀全文。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)一些比較重要的內(nèi)容，可以抄在本子上。如果這本書是你的，可以在頁邊空白處做筆記并標(biāo)記重要內(nèi)容。你若不喜歡在書上寫寫畫畫，可在便利貼或本子上做筆記。
4.Reflect
4.思考
Take time to reflect on what you have read. How are the passages or chapters inter-related? How does the information fit into the details you have already learned? What new information did you learn? Did the passage include the information you expected it to cover? Was there information that surprised you? Were the questions that you had answered?
花點時間反思自己閱讀過的內(nèi)容。這些段落或章節(jié)是如何互相關(guān)聯(lián)的？這些信息是如何與已知信息對接的？通過閱讀，你了解到了哪些新信息？這篇文章是否包含你渴望了解的信息？有沒有令你感到意外的信息？對于以上問題，你是否做出了回答？
5.Recite
5.背誦
Think about the material. Discuss it with someone else or write down the main points you learned. Generally, writing information down by hand will improve memory of the material. If writing is a problem for you, consider brief notes or discuss the material with other students. It is important to summarize the material in writing using your own words. Explain it aloud to someone else or recite your notes aloud to yourself.
回想閱讀材料。與別人進行討論或?qū)懴履銓W(xué)到的重要內(nèi)容。一般來說，手寫信息能夠提升人腦對材料的記憶。若你對書寫感到吃力，可以簡短地做個筆記或與其他同學(xué)討論閱讀的內(nèi)容。重要的是，寫作時要用自己的話總結(jié)材料。你可以向他人介紹自己的筆記，也可以大聲朗讀并背誦筆記。
6.Review
6.回顧
Consider the main points of the material. Were your questions answered? If not, what information are you unsure about? Do you feel that the writer's points are fully understood?
回顧已讀材料的主旨。是否解答了自己提出的問題？如果沒有，哪些信息是你不敢確定的？你認(rèn)為自己能夠完全理解作者想要表達(dá)的觀點嗎？
Use the PQ4R strategy with new reading material, such as articles, books and short stories, to improve comprehension and retention. This can lead to better grades and improved achievement in all school subject areas.
使用PQ4R閱讀法閱讀新材料（諸如文章、書籍、短篇小說）可以提高你的閱讀理解能力和記憶力。從而令你取得更好的成績，在各個學(xué)科有更加出色的表現(xiàn)。
在基礎(chǔ)閱讀和閱讀理解方面有特殊困難的學(xué)生，需要有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法，例如PQ4R。這一方法，同樣適用于那些程度較好的學(xué)生提高閱讀理解能力及記憶力。PQ4R是一種良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法，所有年齡段的學(xué)生均可使用。
這一學(xué)習(xí)方法，不僅能夠提升學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，而且有望使學(xué)生對已讀材料的記憶達(dá)到70%。PQ4R是preview（預(yù)覽）、question（提問）、read（閱讀）、reflect（思考）、recite（背誦）以及review（回顧）的首字母的縮略詞。了解以下六個步驟，學(xué)習(xí)如何使用PQ4R學(xué)習(xí)法。
1.Preview
1.預(yù)覽
Look through the pages of your reading passage and read the headings of the chapter. Read the first and last paragraph in each section. View the illustrations in each section. Read the captions under the pictures. This will help you synthesize the information.
瀏覽閱讀材料的頁數(shù)，查看本章的標(biāo)題。瀏覽每節(jié)內(nèi)容的第一段和最后一段。查看每節(jié)出現(xiàn)的插圖。認(rèn)真閱讀圖片下方的解說，將助你更好把握材料信息。
2.Question
2.提出問題
Think about the information you learned in the preview. Ask yourself questions about it. Think about what you already know about the ideas you saw during your preview. What do you think will be the main points raised in the chapter? What do you expect to learn from reading this material?
回憶自己在預(yù)覽步驟中所了解的信息。就這些信息提出問題。思考在預(yù)覽過程中，自己已了解哪些信息。問問自己，本章想要表達(dá)的主旨究竟是什么？自己期望從這篇教材中學(xué)到什么？
3.Read
3.閱讀
Read the passage. If there are ideas that seem important, make a note of them on paper. If the book belongs to you, consider making notes in the margins and highlight important parts in the book. If you just can't imagine writing in your book, use sticky notes or make your notes on paper.
閱讀全文。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)一些比較重要的內(nèi)容，可以抄在本子上。如果這本書是你的，可以在頁邊空白處做筆記并標(biāo)記重要內(nèi)容。你若不喜歡在書上寫寫畫畫，可在便利貼或本子上做筆記。
4.Reflect
4.思考
Take time to reflect on what you have read. How are the passages or chapters inter-related? How does the information fit into the details you have already learned? What new information did you learn? Did the passage include the information you expected it to cover? Was there information that surprised you? Were the questions that you had answered?
花點時間反思自己閱讀過的內(nèi)容。這些段落或章節(jié)是如何互相關(guān)聯(lián)的？這些信息是如何與已知信息對接的？通過閱讀，你了解到了哪些新信息？這篇文章是否包含你渴望了解的信息？有沒有令你感到意外的信息？對于以上問題，你是否做出了回答？
5.Recite
5.背誦
Think about the material. Discuss it with someone else or write down the main points you learned. Generally, writing information down by hand will improve memory of the material. If writing is a problem for you, consider brief notes or discuss the material with other students. It is important to summarize the material in writing using your own words. Explain it aloud to someone else or recite your notes aloud to yourself.
回想閱讀材料。與別人進行討論或?qū)懴履銓W(xué)到的重要內(nèi)容。一般來說，手寫信息能夠提升人腦對材料的記憶。若你對書寫感到吃力，可以簡短地做個筆記或與其他同學(xué)討論閱讀的內(nèi)容。重要的是，寫作時要用自己的話總結(jié)材料。你可以向他人介紹自己的筆記，也可以大聲朗讀并背誦筆記。
6.Review
6.回顧
Consider the main points of the material. Were your questions answered? If not, what information are you unsure about? Do you feel that the writer's points are fully understood?
回顧已讀材料的主旨。是否解答了自己提出的問題？如果沒有，哪些信息是你不敢確定的？你認(rèn)為自己能夠完全理解作者想要表達(dá)的觀點嗎？
Use the PQ4R strategy with new reading material, such as articles, books and short stories, to improve comprehension and retention. This can lead to better grades and improved achievement in all school subject areas.
使用PQ4R閱讀法閱讀新材料（諸如文章、書籍、短篇小說）可以提高你的閱讀理解能力和記憶力。從而令你取得更好的成績，在各個學(xué)科有更加出色的表現(xiàn)。
