2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)大題沖關(guān)秘籍閱讀理解七選五：體驗(yàn)真題（含解析）

由雕龍文庫(kù) 分享時(shí)間：2024-03-30 02:05:14 收藏本文

　　題組一（2024年高考真題）

　　新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷ISecret codes (密碼) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. For example, the first letters of ＂My elephant eats too many eels＂ spell out the hidden message ＂Meet me.＂　38

　　　You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message ＂Meet me＂ would read ＂13 5 5 20 13 5.＂A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. For example, ＂bridge＂ might stand for ＂meet＂ and ＂out＂ might stand for ＂me.＂ The message ＂Bridge out＂ would actually mean ＂Meet me.＂ However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

　　B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.

　　C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

　　D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

　　E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

　　F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

　　G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

　　【】.D 【解析】根據(jù)后面一句＂Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making＂可知，此空該選D(只要有密碼的存在，人們就會(huì)試圖去破解它們)。.E

　　【解析】根據(jù)后一句的＂For example， the first letters of ‘My elephant eats too many eels’ spell out the hidden message ‘Meet me.’＂可知，此空該選E(你可以拼寫每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母來隱藏信息)。?38.G 【解析】上一段介紹了第一種密碼類型，本段介紹的是第二種類型，再根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，空處選G(另外一種隱藏信息的方式是用符號(hào)來代表字母表中的特定字母)。?39.F 【解析】由前一句的＂a code book＂和空后的＂’bridge’might stand for...’me.’＂可知，此空該選F(有了密碼書，你就可以寫下代表其他單詞的單詞)。?.A 【解析】本段介紹的是密碼書，根據(jù)空后的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處該選A(沒有密碼書是很難破解密碼的)。新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷IIA garden that’s just right for you

　　Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts? 　6 　. But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.● 　7 　?Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 　8 　.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.●Recall(回憶)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 　9　 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 　0　. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you garden

　　B. Find a good place for your own garden

　　C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters

　　D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers

　　E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants

　　F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too

　　G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have

　　【】6.F【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)文章首句及下文的＂But it doesn’t happen by accident＂可知，這里是在講＂你是否曾去過一個(gè)花園但是它不是偶然發(fā)生的＂。故F項(xiàng)＂You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden， too＂符合語境。?37.A【解析】考查子標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文中的＂a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden＂可知，本段的主題應(yīng)與你想要種植花園的原因有關(guān)，故選A項(xiàng)。?38.E【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的＂Some people may think...＂和＂Others are concerned about...＂可知此處表達(dá)的是人們種植花園的不同原因，而E項(xiàng)中的＂Still others may simply enjoy...＂與上下文銜接自然，故選E項(xiàng)。9.C【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的＂...but that’s not what’s important＂和下文中的＂how being in those gardens made us feel＂可知此處講的應(yīng)是什么是重要的，故C項(xiàng)符合語境。0.G【解析】考查上下文的銜接。上文的＂the gardens of your youth＂以及下文的＂your childhood memories＂與G項(xiàng)中的＂those gardens＂和＂the strongest memory you have＂相呼應(yīng)，故選G項(xiàng)。新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷IIIEveryone knows that fish is good for health. 　6 　But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 　7 　This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.　8 　Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 　9 　When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. 　0 　First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (調(diào)料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.A. Do not buy it.

　　B. The easiest is to steam it.

　　C. This is how you can do it.

　　D. It just requires a little knowledge.

　　E. The fish will go bad within hours.

　　F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.

　　G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.

　　【】本文向大家介紹了如何用簡(jiǎn)單的方法購(gòu)買和烹制魚。6.G 【解析】考查與首句語意的一致性。由空后的句意表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，轉(zhuǎn)折前的句子在語意上應(yīng)該保持一致，即說明吃魚對(duì)健康的益處。故選G。7.D 【解析】考查句子的承上啟下作用。空前一句提到對(duì)魚的選購(gòu)、儲(chǔ)存和烹制并不困難，空后一句講本文是關(guān)于如何以一種簡(jiǎn)單的方式購(gòu)買和烹制魚的，故選D＂這只需要一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)知識(shí)就能做好＂。?38.F 【解析】考查主題句。段落的支撐細(xì)節(jié)始終圍繞主題句展開，本段中第二、三句圍繞如何通過嗅覺來鑒別魚是否新鮮，因此可以判斷F項(xiàng)正確。9.A

　　【解析】考查段落中句子間語意的連貫性和代詞的正確使用。空前提到，濃烈的氣味說明魚已不新鮮，故不能買這種魚。據(jù)此可知A項(xiàng)正確。0.B 【解析】考查段落中句子間語意的連貫性。本段的主題為如何烹制魚，下文講到了烹制魚的步驟首先，洗凈魚其次，添加調(diào)料最后，將裝有魚的盤子放入蒸鍋中，蒸8至10分鐘即可食用(以重約為一磅的魚為例)。故選B項(xiàng)＂最簡(jiǎn)單的方法是蒸＂。【名師點(diǎn)睛】

　　高考七選五解題方法：

　　1.通讀全文，了解文章大意。這是一個(gè)泛讀的過程，目的是了解文章大意，為以后的理解做鋪墊。

　　2.分析句型，了解語法構(gòu)成

　　3.當(dāng)我們了解了文章大意后，要明確每一個(gè)空是填一個(gè)整句子還是半個(gè)句子。這一點(diǎn)十分重要，它能夠幫助我們迅速確定某些空的選項(xiàng)范圍，比如，有一個(gè)空的結(jié)尾處沒有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，后文緊跟著一個(gè)句子的后半部分，很顯然這時(shí)我們需要填的是半個(gè)句子，這時(shí)便可以在七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找到是半個(gè)句子的選項(xiàng)，從而縮小選擇范圍。

　　4.明確關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系。任何句子都是要么和上文有聯(lián)系，要么和下文有聯(lián)系，要么和上下文都有聯(lián)系。例如第36空，第39空和第40空都與它們的前一句有聯(lián)系。

　　5.帶入通讀，復(fù)查

　　做完題目切忌直接離開，這是我們很有必要將自己修正好的文章通讀一遍，將其看做一片行文通順語意連貫的文章來讀，這是如果感到有含義不連貫的地方，很有可能是我們填錯(cuò)了空，就要復(fù)查了，注意：七選五的特點(diǎn)在于，錯(cuò)一道，往往還會(huì)錯(cuò)另外的一道或幾道，我們叫做＂連錯(cuò)＂，所以當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有一處填的有問題時(shí)，一定要同時(shí)檢查其它空。

　　Passage4(2024·北京卷The Science of Risk-Seeking

　　Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 　71　 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

　　The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 　72　 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

　　So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 　 73 　?No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 　4 　 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.　5 　 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

　　A. It all depends on your character.

　　B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.

　　C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

　　D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

　　E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

　　F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

　　G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

　　【】這是一篇說明文，作者講的是有關(guān)冒險(xiǎn)的科學(xué)的探索方面的內(nèi)容。1.F

　　【解析】選項(xiàng)F中的＂weigh risks and rewards＂與上文的＂weigh the risk and the reward＂相呼應(yīng)，故F項(xiàng)符合語境。2.C 【解析】選項(xiàng)C中的＂Being better at those things＂與上文的＂were better at hunting fighting, or exploring＂相呼應(yīng)，因此選C。?73.A 【解析】前文說人們有各種不同的性格，因此你可能喜歡賽車，或者討厭賽車，故A項(xiàng)＂這完全是由你的性格決定的＂符合語境。?74.E 【解析】根據(jù)上文的＂your willingness...teenage years＂及下文的＂hunger for new experiences...＂可知E項(xiàng)符合語境。?75.G 【解析】根據(jù)空后的＂For the risk-seekers...becomes active＂可知，此處講的是面對(duì)緊張的局面時(shí)我們的大腦會(huì)有不同的反應(yīng)，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。【名師點(diǎn)睛】

　　?1先看選項(xiàng)。跟完形填空不一樣，七選五的答案選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。　

　　2再看空前空后。由于七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。

　　?3注意代詞或定冠詞。在做這類題目的時(shí)候，一定要注意句子中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞或者指示代詞，因?yàn)槲覀冎溃~是指代一個(gè)名詞或者一個(gè)句子的，然后通過代詞在句子中所做的成分我們可以推斷出它指代的句子的類型，我們要做的就是從選項(xiàng)中找這類句型就可以了。

　　??4注意一些特殊疑問詞。如果選項(xiàng)中或空前出現(xiàn)特殊疑問詞，一定要把這句話仔細(xì)讀幾遍，因?yàn)閷?duì)于不同特殊疑問詞的回答方式是不一樣的，比如對(duì)why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的詞，對(duì)when的回答，后面要有表時(shí)間的狀語，對(duì)where的回答，后面要有表地點(diǎn)的名詞，對(duì)how的回答，后面要有方式狀語等。

　　?5注意一些連詞。如一些表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外還有一些表示并列關(guān)系的連詞如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。因?yàn)檫@些連詞可以表現(xiàn)句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，通過不同的連詞我們可以推知句子與句子之間不同的關(guān)系。卷Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.

　　In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.

　　One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.

　　Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.

　　They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.

　　Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly .

　　A.However,?women,?on?average,?live?longer.

　　B.The?biological?factor?plays?an?important?part.

　　C.?Women?are?also?helped?by?their?female?genes.

　　D.?The?female?hormones?also?protect?the?body?in?another?way.

　　E.?Recent?research?seems?to?support?both?of?these?possibilities.

　　F.?Therefore,?women?are?more?healthy?than?men?and?can?live?a?better?life.

　　G.?Hormones?are?chemicals?which?are?produced?by?the?body?to?control?carious?body?functions.

　　【語篇解讀】本文介紹了女性比男性壽命長(zhǎng)的原因。

　　36.A 根據(jù)空格下一句＂一般說，女性比男性多活6到7年＂可知此處的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性壽命更長(zhǎng)。故選A。

　　7.G 根據(jù)空格上句＂男性和女性之間荷爾蒙的不同幫助女性活得更久＂可知此空的意思是：荷爾蒙是身體分泌的控制身體各種功能的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選G。

　　8.D 根據(jù)下句＂它們幫助身體本身抵抗各種感染＂可知此空的意思是：女性荷爾蒙也用另一種方式保護(hù)身體。故選D。

　　9.C根據(jù)下句＂科學(xué)家仍然沒有確切地表明基因怎樣影響變老，但是他們認(rèn)為基因確實(shí)在影響變老＂可知上句：女性基因也在幫助女性。

　　0.E 根據(jù)空格前兩句＂一些人認(rèn)為女性的身體細(xì)胞有比男性老化慢的傾向，另一些人認(rèn)為男性的身體細(xì)胞有老化較快的傾向＂可知E項(xiàng)＂最近的研究似乎支持這兩種可能＂符合題意。故選E。

　　’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.

　　句中的Some …Others…，是關(guān)鍵詞，從這里知道這是兩種觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)空格前兩句：一些人認(rèn)為女性身體細(xì)胞有一個(gè)比男性老化慢的傾向，另一些人認(rèn)為男性身體細(xì)胞有一個(gè)老化快的傾向。可知E項(xiàng)符合題意。＂最近研究似乎支持這兩種可能＂。故選E。

　　題組二（2024年高考真題）

　　新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷IBuilding Trust in a Relationship Again

　　Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 　36　 Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

　　Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.? 　3　 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.? If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a ＂victim mentality＂. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.?You didn’t lose ＂everything＂.Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.