2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)大題沖關(guān)秘籍完形填空之夾敘夾議文：應(yīng)試策略（含解析）

　　一、關(guān)注首句，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意

　　通過(guò)首句可以明確文章話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。尾句往往是作者的點(diǎn)睛之筆，通過(guò)尾句一般可以更加真實(shí)、確切地體會(huì)到作者的寫(xiě)作意圖、對(duì)待事件的真實(shí)態(tài)度等核心內(nèi)容。

　　例：

　　From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital(獨(dú)奏會(huì))和尾句的With his first recital，my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.表明了文章的主旨：作者本來(lái)很反感彈鋼琴，但是父親的行為感動(dòng)了自己。作者認(rèn)為他的實(shí)際行動(dòng)比30多年以前說(shuō)的話更有感染力。

　　二、注重語(yǔ)境，理清行文邏輯

　　夾敘夾議文以敘述為主，絕大部分篇幅是在描述事件，而作者的觀點(diǎn)及態(tài)度往往隱含在敘述中，這就要求考生增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇意識(shí)，抓住文章的敘事線索，弄清文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容做出選擇，并適當(dāng)進(jìn)行邏輯推理是解題的關(guān)鍵。

　　三、找準(zhǔn)標(biāo)志詞，弄清故事發(fā)展模式

　　夾敘夾議文通常使用對(duì)比、強(qiáng)調(diào)、讓步、舉例、結(jié)論、順序和對(duì)照等手段。考生應(yīng)注意觀察文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，根據(jù)表達(dá)這些手段的銜接詞來(lái)正確理解故事情節(jié)。

　　常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志詞有：(1)并列關(guān)系：and，not only...but also，that is to say等；(2)因果關(guān)系：because，for，so that，in order that，due to，thanks to，thus，therefore，so等；(3)對(duì)比關(guān)系：while，whereas，as，rather than，instead of等；(4)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：although，though，even if，nevertheless，despite，but，yet，however，on the contrary等；(5)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：also，then，besides，in addition，furthermore，what’s more等；(6)順序關(guān)系：first，then，on the one hand等；(7)轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)掝}：by the way，what I really mean...等。

　　One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder.However，life can be　　36　　when you are not busy finding fault with it.　Several years ago I　　37　　a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry，who described herself as a world-class fault-finder，almost always　　38　　by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her，and　　39　　was ever good enough.She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really?????? 40　　person.

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。Kerry本來(lái)是一個(gè)事事挑剔、苛刻的女孩，但通過(guò)她最好的朋友遭遇了車禍這件事，她變得對(duì)一切不再那么刻薄了。這篇文章旨在告訴我們：不要用一種挑剔的眼光去看世界，要心胸開(kāi)闊一些。當(dāng)我們養(yǎng)成這種習(xí)慣的時(shí)候，就能重拾生活中的熱情，而且心中會(huì)充滿愛(ài)。

　　36.A.lonely　　B.great　　C.quiet　　D.uneasy

　　句意：世界上最簡(jiǎn)單的事情之一就是成為一個(gè)吹毛求疵的人。然而，當(dāng)你不是忙著找茬時(shí)，生活可能是________。由however表示的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，本空應(yīng)選great，表示＂生活可能是美好的＂。lonely孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的；great偉大的，極好的；quiet安靜的，寂靜的；uneasy不安的，不確定的。

　　【答案】B

　　37.A.received　　B.answered　　C.expected　　D.rejected

　　由固定搭配可知，＂收到來(lái)信＂動(dòng)詞用receive，故答案為A項(xiàng)。前文沒(méi)有提到Kerry給作者寫(xiě)信，所以不能選answered(回復(fù))。

　　【答案】A

　　38.A.threatened　　B.interrupted　　C.bothered　　D.spoiled

　　由后句的People were always doing things that annoyed her可知，她經(jīng)常因?yàn)槿藗冏龅氖露械剑溃ⅰhreaten威脅，恐嚇；interrupt打斷，插嘴；bother打擾，煩惱；spoil嬌慣，寵壞。故本空應(yīng)選bothered。

　　【答案】C

　　39.A.anything　　B.everything　　C.something　　D.nothing

　　由前句People were always doing things that annoyed her可知，Kerry對(duì)一切都覺(jué)得不滿意，沒(méi)有什么是足夠好的。故選nothing。

　　【答案】D

　　40.A.caring　　B.boring　　C.interesting　　D.surprising

　　由前文可知，Kerry對(duì)一切都非常挑剔，她不但對(duì)自己苛刻，而且也找朋友的茬。由此可知Kerry是一個(gè)令人煩的人，故選boring。caring關(guān)心他人的；interesting有趣的；surprising令人驚奇的。

　　【答案】B

　　Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her 41　　.Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost　　42　　to deal with was that the day before the　　43　　，Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her??????? 44　　of boyfriends，the way she was living，the way she related to her mother，and various other things she felt she needed to　　45.It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became　　46　　her habit of finding fault.Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to　　47 everything so harshly (刻薄).She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48　　as well.

　　41.A.attitude　　B.plan　　C.measure　　D.explanation

　　根據(jù)后文中的It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became　　46　　her habit of finding fault.Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47

　　everything so harshly(刻薄).可知，在她最好的朋友經(jīng)歷了一次可怕的事故后，Kerry對(duì)事情的＂態(tài)度(attitude)＂發(fā)生了改變，故本空應(yīng)選attitude。plan計(jì)劃；measure措施；explanation解釋。

　　42.A.urgent　　B.unnecessary　　C.certain　　D.impossible

　　既然這件事能讓這么一個(gè)挑剔的姑娘改變對(duì)生活的態(tài)度，那么這件事一定不同尋常，也就是說(shuō)她感到＂不可能＂發(fā)生，所以應(yīng)選impossible。urgent急迫的，催促的；unnecessary不必要的，多余的；certain必然的，確定的。

　　【答案】D

　　43.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure

　　根據(jù)前面提到的a horrible accident可知此處應(yīng)選accident。

　　【答案】C

　　44.A.memory B.noticeC.evidence D.choice

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義可知，此處指對(duì)男朋友的＂選擇(choice)＂。memory記憶；notice通知；evidence證據(jù)。

　　【答案】D

　　46.A.aware of　　B.afraid of　　C.curious about　　D.confused about

　　根據(jù)后文中的Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life可知Kerry對(duì)待生活的態(tài)度變了，之所以會(huì)有這種變化是因?yàn)樗⒁庾R(shí)到(became aware of)＂了自己挑剔的習(xí)慣，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。(be)afraid of害怕，擔(dān)心；(be)curious about對(duì)……感到好奇；(be)confused about對(duì)……感到困惑。

　　【答案】A

　　47.A.discuss　　B.realize　　C.judge　　D.settle

　　由rather than(而不是)可知，后面表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該與appreciate life(欣賞生活)表達(dá)的意思相反。discuss討論，商討；realize意識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)；judge評(píng)判，斷定；settle解決，安排。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義可知，應(yīng)是如此刻薄地＂評(píng)判(judge)＂每一件事，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　【答案】C

　　48.A.family　　B.life　　C.career　　D.education

　　由前文可知，Kerry對(duì)待生活其他方面的態(tài)度也發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，故本空應(yīng)選life(生活)。family家庭；career職業(yè)；education教育。

　　【答案】B

　　Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding，49　　when we're honest，we can be sharply　　50　　of the world.I'm not suggesting you51　　problems，or that you pretend things are 52　　than they are，but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are —53　　most of the time，and especially when it's not a really big 54　　.　　Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂，and with a little 55　　，you'll get really good at letting things go.And when you do，you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

　　一、關(guān)注首句，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意

　　通過(guò)首句可以明確文章話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。尾句往往是作者的點(diǎn)睛之筆，通過(guò)尾句一般可以更加真實(shí)、確切地體會(huì)到作者的寫(xiě)作意圖、對(duì)待事件的真實(shí)態(tài)度等核心內(nèi)容。

　　例：

　　From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital(獨(dú)奏會(huì))和尾句的With his first recital，my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.表明了文章的主旨：作者本來(lái)很反感彈鋼琴，但是父親的行為感動(dòng)了自己。作者認(rèn)為他的實(shí)際行動(dòng)比30多年以前說(shuō)的話更有感染力。

　　二、注重語(yǔ)境，理清行文邏輯

　　夾敘夾議文以敘述為主，絕大部分篇幅是在描述事件，而作者的觀點(diǎn)及態(tài)度往往隱含在敘述中，這就要求考生增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇意識(shí)，抓住文章的敘事線索，弄清文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容做出選擇，并適當(dāng)進(jìn)行邏輯推理是解題的關(guān)鍵。

　　三、找準(zhǔn)標(biāo)志詞，弄清故事發(fā)展模式

　　夾敘夾議文通常使用對(duì)比、強(qiáng)調(diào)、讓步、舉例、結(jié)論、順序和對(duì)照等手段。考生應(yīng)注意觀察文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，根據(jù)表達(dá)這些手段的銜接詞來(lái)正確理解故事情節(jié)。

　　常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志詞有：(1)并列關(guān)系：and，not only...but also，that is to say等；(2)因果關(guān)系：because，for，so that，in order that，due to，thanks to，thus，therefore，so等；(3)對(duì)比關(guān)系：while，whereas，as，rather than，instead of等；(4)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：although，though，even if，nevertheless，despite，but，yet，however，on the contrary等；(5)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：also，then，besides，in addition，furthermore，what’s more等；(6)順序關(guān)系：first，then，on the one hand等；(7)轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)掝}：by the way，what I really mean...等。

　　One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder.However，life can be　　36　　when you are not busy finding fault with it.　Several years ago I　　37　　a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry，who described herself as a world-class fault-finder，almost always　　38　　by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her，and　　39　　was ever good enough.She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really?????? 40　　person.

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。Kerry本來(lái)是一個(gè)事事挑剔、苛刻的女孩，但通過(guò)她最好的朋友遭遇了車禍這件事，她變得對(duì)一切不再那么刻薄了。這篇文章旨在告訴我們：不要用一種挑剔的眼光去看世界，要心胸開(kāi)闊一些。當(dāng)我們養(yǎng)成這種習(xí)慣的時(shí)候，就能重拾生活中的熱情，而且心中會(huì)充滿愛(ài)。

　　36.A.lonely　　B.great　　C.quiet　　D.uneasy

　　句意：世界上最簡(jiǎn)單的事情之一就是成為一個(gè)吹毛求疵的人。然而，當(dāng)你不是忙著找茬時(shí)，生活可能是________。由however表示的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，本空應(yīng)選great，表示＂生活可能是美好的＂。lonely孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的；great偉大的，極好的；quiet安靜的，寂靜的；uneasy不安的，不確定的。

　　【答案】B

　　37.A.received　　B.answered　　C.expected　　D.rejected

　　由固定搭配可知，＂收到來(lái)信＂動(dòng)詞用receive，故答案為A項(xiàng)。前文沒(méi)有提到Kerry給作者寫(xiě)信，所以不能選answered(回復(fù))。

　　【答案】A

　　38.A.threatened　　B.interrupted　　C.bothered　　D.spoiled

　　由后句的People were always doing things that annoyed her可知，她經(jīng)常因?yàn)槿藗冏龅氖露械剑溃ⅰhreaten威脅，恐嚇；interrupt打斷，插嘴；bother打擾，煩惱；spoil嬌慣，寵壞。故本空應(yīng)選bothered。

　　【答案】C

　　39.A.anything　　B.everything　　C.something　　D.nothing

　　由前句People were always doing things that annoyed her可知，Kerry對(duì)一切都覺(jué)得不滿意，沒(méi)有什么是足夠好的。故選nothing。

　　【答案】D

　　40.A.caring　　B.boring　　C.interesting　　D.surprising

　　由前文可知，Kerry對(duì)一切都非常挑剔，她不但對(duì)自己苛刻，而且也找朋友的茬。由此可知Kerry是一個(gè)令人煩的人，故選boring。caring關(guān)心他人的；interesting有趣的；surprising令人驚奇的。

　　【答案】B

　　Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her 41　　.Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost　　42　　to deal with was that the day before the　　43　　，Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her??????? 44　　of boyfriends，the way she was living，the way she related to her mother，and various other things she felt she needed to　　45.It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became　　46　　her habit of finding fault.Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to　　47 everything so harshly (刻薄).She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48　　as well.

　　41.A.attitude　　B.plan　　C.measure　　D.explanation

　　根據(jù)后文中的It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became　　46　　her habit of finding fault.Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47

　　everything so harshly(刻薄).可知，在她最好的朋友經(jīng)歷了一次可怕的事故后，Kerry對(duì)事情的＂態(tài)度(attitude)＂發(fā)生了改變，故本空應(yīng)選attitude。plan計(jì)劃；measure措施；explanation解釋。

　　42.A.urgent　　B.unnecessary　　C.certain　　D.impossible

　　既然這件事能讓這么一個(gè)挑剔的姑娘改變對(duì)生活的態(tài)度，那么這件事一定不同尋常，也就是說(shuō)她感到＂不可能＂發(fā)生，所以應(yīng)選impossible。urgent急迫的，催促的；unnecessary不必要的，多余的；certain必然的，確定的。

　　【答案】D

　　43.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure

　　根據(jù)前面提到的a horrible accident可知此處應(yīng)選accident。

　　【答案】C

　　44.A.memory B.noticeC.evidence D.choice

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義可知，此處指對(duì)男朋友的＂選擇(choice)＂。memory記憶；notice通知；evidence證據(jù)。

　　【答案】D

　　46.A.aware of　　B.afraid of　　C.curious about　　D.confused about

　　根據(jù)后文中的Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life可知Kerry對(duì)待生活的態(tài)度變了，之所以會(huì)有這種變化是因?yàn)樗⒁庾R(shí)到(became aware of)＂了自己挑剔的習(xí)慣，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。(be)afraid of害怕，擔(dān)心；(be)curious about對(duì)……感到好奇；(be)confused about對(duì)……感到困惑。

　　【答案】A

　　47.A.discuss　　B.realize　　C.judge　　D.settle

　　由rather than(而不是)可知，后面表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該與appreciate life(欣賞生活)表達(dá)的意思相反。discuss討論，商討；realize意識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)；judge評(píng)判，斷定；settle解決，安排。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義可知，應(yīng)是如此刻薄地＂評(píng)判(judge)＂每一件事，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　【答案】C

　　48.A.family　　B.life　　C.career　　D.education

　　由前文可知，Kerry對(duì)待生活其他方面的態(tài)度也發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，故本空應(yīng)選life(生活)。family家庭；career職業(yè)；education教育。

　　【答案】B

　　Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding，49　　when we're honest，we can be sharply　　50　　of the world.I'm not suggesting you51　　problems，or that you pretend things are 52　　than they are，but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are —53　　most of the time，and especially when it's not a really big 54　　.　　Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂，and with a little 55　　，you'll get really good at letting things go.And when you do，you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.