李克強2024夏季達沃斯演講（雙語對照）

第十屆夏季達沃斯論壇于6月26日至28日在天津舉行，本屆論壇主題為“第四次工業(yè)革命——轉(zhuǎn)型的力量”，來自90多個國家的政要、企業(yè)家、學者和媒體代表約1700余人參會。

李克強總理發(fā)表演講：

Address by Premier Li Keqiang at the Opening Ceremony Of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions Tianjin, 27 June 2024

尊敬的施瓦布主席先生，尊敬的各位政府首腦，尊敬的各位貴賓，女士們，先生們：很高興與大家在天津再次相聚。首先，我代表中國政府，對夏季達沃斯論壇的召開，表示熱烈祝賀！對各位遠道而來的嘉賓和媒體界的朋友，表示誠摯歡迎！

Professor Klaus Schwab, Distinguished Heads of Government, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, It’s a great pleasure to meet you again in Tianjin. At the outset, I wish to congratulate, on behalf of the Chinese government, the opening of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions, and extend sincere welcome to all our guests coming from afar and friends from the press.

本次論壇是第10屆夏季達沃斯論壇。中國有句話叫“十年樹木”。如果把這個論壇比作樹木的話，經(jīng)過十年的精心培育，已是枝繁葉茂、碩果累累，不僅向世界展示了中國改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的歷程與成就，也為世界和中國實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展繁榮貢獻了智慧與力量。

This is the tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions, or the Summer Davos, as it is known.There is a Chinese saying which goes, “It takes ten years to grow a tree.”If we could compare the Summer Davos to a tree, after ten years of careful nurturing, it has grown into a luxuriant tree with bountiful fruits. It has showcased to the world the process and achievements of China’s reform, opening up and modernization. It has also contributed wisdom and strength to the common development and prosperity of China and the world.

國際金融危機爆發(fā)以來，各方努力應對，使用了各種刺激增長的政策工具。8年過去了，世界經(jīng)濟復蘇遠不及預期，全球貿(mào)易投資增長低迷，大宗商品和金融市場不時動蕩，發(fā)達國家和新興經(jīng)濟體走勢分化，地緣政治風險加大，不穩(wěn)定因素增多。前幾天英國公投脫歐，對國際金融市場的影響已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)，世界經(jīng)濟新的不確定性還在增加。在此情況下，推動世界經(jīng)濟復蘇和各國經(jīng)濟增長，需要共同應對挑戰(zhàn)、提振信心，共同營造穩(wěn)定的國際環(huán)境，共同尋求治本之策。歐洲國家是中國的重要伙伴。在新的形勢下，中方將繼續(xù)致力于維護好發(fā)展好中歐、中英關(guān)系。我們希望看到一個團結(jié)、穩(wěn)定的歐盟，也希望看到一個穩(wěn)定、繁榮的英國。

When the international financial crisis broke out eight years ago, countries resorted to various policy tools to grapple with the crisis and stimulate growth. Eight years on, recovery of the world economy has fallen far short of people’s expectations: global trade and investment are lackluster; commodities and financial markets have experienced volatility from time to time; growth prospects of developed and emerging economies are diverging; and geopolitical risks and destabilizing factors are both on the rise. Just a few days ago, the UK voted to leave the EU in a referendum. This is already making an impact on the international financial markets and adding to the uncertainties in the world economy. Against such a backdrop, to promote world economic recovery and the growth of all economies, we need to make joint efforts to tackle challenges, strengthen confidence, foster a stable international environment and find solutions to address root causes of the problems we face. European countries are important partners for China. Under the new circumstances, China will continue to maintain and grow its relations with the EU and the UK. We hope to see a united and stable EU and a stable and prosperous UK.

本屆論壇以“第四次工業(yè)革命——轉(zhuǎn)型的力量”為主題，為人們提供了新視角，具有前瞻性和現(xiàn)實意義。在此，我愿提出幾點看法，與大家交流。

The theme of the forum, “the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Transformational Impact”, offers people a new perspective and is thus forward-looking and relevant. Let me share with you a few thoughts in this connection.

第一，推動世界經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定復蘇，需要積極實施結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。解決世界經(jīng)濟深層次矛盾和問題，既要加強需求管理，又要著力推進結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，以消除“病灶”。各國情況不盡相同，總的方向是針對經(jīng)濟失衡，重點推進財政金融改革，放松管制，促進競爭，支持創(chuàng)新，擴大開放，協(xié)力促進世界經(jīng)濟強勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長。

First, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we must actively carry out structural reform.To address the deep-seated problems in the world economy, we need to both strengthen demand management and advance structural reform to eliminate the root causes that trigger problems. Countries may face different situations, yet they should all move toward addressing economic imbalance by way of promoting fiscal and financial reform, easing regulation, facilitating competition, supporting innovation and expanding opening up, and should all work together to ensure strong, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy.

第二，推動世界經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定復蘇，必須加快經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級。全球經(jīng)濟擺脫困境，最終要靠轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式，加快新舊動能轉(zhuǎn)換。世界新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革孕育興起，為此提供了歷史性機遇。一大批引領(lǐng)性、顛覆性新技術(shù)、新工具、新材料的涌現(xiàn)，有力推動著新經(jīng)濟成長和傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級。各方應因勢利導，把政策著力點放在支持經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級上，增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新動力。

Second, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we must speed up economic transformation and upgrading. For the world economy to walk out of the woods, the ultimate solution lies in shifting the growth model and replacing old growth drivers with new ones at a faster pace. The advent of a new round of technological and industrial revolution has provided a historical opportunity for this. The emergence of new technologies, new tools and new materials, which are of pace-setting and transformational significance, has given a strong boost to the growth of the new economy and the upgrading of traditional industries. Countries should follow this prevailing trend by focusing their policies on supporting economic transformation and upgrading, and strengthen the new drivers of economic growth.

第三，推動世界經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定復蘇，離不開高效有序的全球治理。面對共同的挑戰(zhàn)，惟有同舟共濟、立己達人，才是正道通途。各國應采取更多增長友好型政策，加強宏觀政策協(xié)調(diào)，堅定不移推進貿(mào)易和投資自由化、便利化，旗幟鮮明反對保護主義，致力構(gòu)建更加公平、公正、開放的國際經(jīng)濟體系。世界主要經(jīng)濟體在制定宏觀經(jīng)濟政策時，不僅要考慮自身增長，也要考慮外溢性影響。今年9月，二十國集團領(lǐng)導人峰會（G20）將在中國杭州舉行。本屆論壇專門設(shè)置“中國的G20愿景”分論壇進行研討，為此次峰會建言，有著積極意義。

Third, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we will need efficient and orderly global governance. In the face of common challenges, we need to uphold the spirit of solidarity and work for common progress. This is a sure way for us to move forward. Countries need to adopt more growth-friendly policies, strengthen macro policy coordination, steadfastly advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, firmly oppose protectionism and build a fairer, more just and open international economic system. The world’s major economies, while making macro-economic policies, should consider not just their own growth needs but also the spillover effects of their policies. This September, the G20 Summit will be held in Hangzhou, China. The ongoing Summer Davos has a special session on “China’s G20 Agenda”. I find it highly relevant as it will contribute insights and recommendations to China’s hosting of the G20 Hangzhou Summit.

6月27日，國務院總理李克強在天津出席第十屆夏季達沃斯論壇開幕式并發(fā)表特別致辭。新華社記者 龐興雷 攝

女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

在經(jīng)歷多年的快速增長后，中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展進入新常態(tài)。面對持續(xù)較大的經(jīng)濟下行壓力，我們沒有搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式，著力推進結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，著力培育新動能，改造提升傳統(tǒng)動能，不僅保持了經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，增長速度居世界主要經(jīng)濟體前列，而且結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整也取得積極進展。這幾年一路走來，充滿風險和挑戰(zhàn)，我們付出了很大艱辛。令人欣慰的是，新動能呈快速成長態(tài)勢，盡管目前在規(guī)模上還難以與傳統(tǒng)動能等量齊觀，但在支撐發(fā)展、保障就業(yè)、促進轉(zhuǎn)型升級等方面發(fā)揮著越來越大的作用。假以時日，異軍突起的新動能必將撐起未來中國經(jīng)濟一片新天地。

Having experienced years of rapid growth, China’s economic development has now entered a new normal.In the face of mounting downward economic pressure, we have not resorted to indiscriminate strong stimulus.Instead, we have focused on exploring new models of macro control, vigorously advanced structural reform, and concentrated our efforts on cultivating new drivers of growth while upgrading traditional ones. As a result, we have maintained steady economic development, ranking among top of the world’s major economies in terms of growth speed, and made positive progress in structural adjustment. The journey we traveled these years has been fraught with risks and challenges, and we have made painstaking efforts along the way. Nevertheless, it is encouraging to see that new drivers in the economy are rapidly growing. Although they cannot yet compare with traditional drivers in size, they do play a bigger role in sustaining development, securing employment, and promoting economic transformation. Given time, the rise of the new drivers will open up new prospects for the Chinese economy.

今年以來，在世界經(jīng)濟增長繼續(xù)放緩的背景下，中國經(jīng)濟運行總體平穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)中有進，保持在合理區(qū)間，確實來之不易。今年一季度經(jīng)濟增長6.7%，進入二季度以來繼續(xù)保持穩(wěn)定增長。夏糧有望再獲豐收，工業(yè)企業(yè)效益回穩(wěn)提升，服務業(yè)較快發(fā)展，市場銷售平穩(wěn)增長，居民消費價格指數(shù)（CPI）基本穩(wěn)定、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價格指數(shù)（PPI）降幅收窄，能耗強度和主要污染物排放繼續(xù)下降。特別是就業(yè)保持穩(wěn)定，1-5月城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)577萬人，完成全年目標任務的58%；5月份31個大城市城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率為5.02%。

This year, despite continued slowdown in global growth, the Chinese economy has on the whole maintained stability while making steady progress, and has performed within the appropriate range. This is indeed not easy. China’s GDP expanded by 6.7% in the first quarter of the year, and registered steady growth in the second quarter. Summer grain production is expected to be another bumper harvest. Corporate profits in the industrial sector are steadily rising. The service industry is growing rapidly, and market sales are steadily expanding. CPI is basically stable, the drop in PPI has narrowed, and energy intensity and emissions of major pollutants have continued to fall. In particular, the employment situation is stable. In the first five months of this year, 5.77 million new urban jobs were created, completing 58% of the annual employment target. The surveyed unemployment rate of 31 major cities in May was 5.02%.

上半年中國經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，改革創(chuàng)新和調(diào)整轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。簡政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務改革和大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新釋放了發(fā)展?jié)摿ΑＰ略鍪袌鲋黧w平均每天4萬戶，其中新增企業(yè)1.3萬多戶、高于前兩年，有力地帶動了就業(yè)。消費和服務業(yè)逐步形成主導作用。信息通訊、智能手機、新能源汽車等新興消費迅猛擴大，旅游、文化、體育、健康、養(yǎng)老“五大幸福產(chǎn)業(yè)”快速發(fā)展，服務業(yè)無論是產(chǎn)值還是就業(yè)，都穩(wěn)居國民經(jīng)濟第一大產(chǎn)業(yè)。創(chuàng)新型經(jīng)濟活力四射。高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、高端制造業(yè)和電子商務等新業(yè)態(tài)快速增長，一些轉(zhuǎn)型升級早、新產(chǎn)業(yè)增長快的企業(yè)、行業(yè)、地區(qū)，保持良好發(fā)展勢頭。總起來看，中國經(jīng)濟的結(jié)構(gòu)在優(yōu)化、質(zhì)量在提升、動能在積蓄。

An important reason the Chinese economy has maintained steady growth in the first half of the year is that reform, innovation, adjustment and transformation have all played an important role. Reform efforts to streamline administration, delegate power and improve government services have given a strong boost to mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and further unleashed development potential. Now every day in China, some 40,000 new market entities are being created, including over 13,000 new enterprises. Such increase is bigger than the previous two years and has given a strong boost to job creation. The leading role of consumption and services is becoming more visible. New areas of consumption such as information and communication, smart phones and new energy vehicles are rapidly expanding. The five “happiness industries” of tourism, culture, sports, health and old-age care are rapidly growing. The service sector has grown into the biggest industry in the national economy, both in terms of its output and the number of jobs it created. An innovation-driven economy is brimming with vitality. High-tech industries, high-end manufacturing, e-commerce and other new business forms are booming. Enterprises, sectors and regions that have made an early start in economic transformation and upgrading and that embrace faster growth of new industries have all taken on a sound momentum of growth.On the whole, the Chinese economy is better structured; its quality is improving and a stronger momentum is being gathered.

我們也認識到，由于國際環(huán)境復雜嚴峻、國內(nèi)長期積累的深層次矛盾凸顯，中國經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定運行的基礎(chǔ)還不牢固。外需對增長的拉動力減弱，民間投資和制造業(yè)投資乏力，金融等領(lǐng)域存在風險隱患，一些產(chǎn)能嚴重過剩行業(yè)和經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)單一地區(qū)矛盾較多，經(jīng)濟下行壓力仍然較大，困難不可低估。我們正視困難、坦承困難，恰恰表明我們有決心克服困難、有能力戰(zhàn)勝困難，中國經(jīng)濟希望始終大于困難。

We are also aware that given the complex and challenging international environment and the deep-seated domestic problems accumulated over the years, the foundation underpinning stable performance of the Chinese economy is yet to be strengthened. The driving effect of external demand on growth is waning. Private and manufacturing investments are sluggish. Latent risks still exist in the financial and other sectors. In some industries with serious overcapacity and regions with monotonous economic structure, there have been relatively more problems. Downward economic pressure remains and the difficulties are not to be underestimated. However, the fact that we have recognized and stood up to challenges shows that we have the determination and ability to overcome difficulties. For the Chinese economy, there is always more hope than difficulties.

當前中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的基本面沒有改變，宏觀政策也會保持連續(xù)性穩(wěn)定性。我們將繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式，加力增效實施積極的財政政策，靈活適度實施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，把資源更多引向有利于補短板、增后勁、上水平的領(lǐng)域，引向有利于促進轉(zhuǎn)型升級等新經(jīng)濟的領(lǐng)域。現(xiàn)在，中國政府負債率40%左右，中央政府負債率16%左右，在世界主要經(jīng)濟體中是比較低的，實施積極的財政政策有空間；居民儲蓄率高，發(fā)展多層次資本市場潛力大，完善金融調(diào)控手段、優(yōu)化金融資源配置有很大余地，可以創(chuàng)造條件，運用市場化、法治化方式逐步降低企業(yè)杠桿率和融資成本。我們不僅有足夠的政策工具保持經(jīng)濟運行在合理區(qū)間，而且有充分的能力防范住系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風險。在調(diào)整轉(zhuǎn)型時期，中國經(jīng)濟增長短期難免有波動起伏，但不會出現(xiàn)“硬著陸”，我們能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)全年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展主要預期目標。

The fundamentals of the Chinese economy have remained unchanged, and our macro policies will maintain continuity and stability. In the meantime, we will continue to innovate means of macro control, implement the proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and efficiency, and carry out the prudent monetary policy in a flexible and appropriate fashion. We will channel more resources into areas that help strengthen weak links, increase the momentum of development and take development to a higher level, as well as into areas of the new economy that serve to promote economic transformation and upgrading. The current debt ratio for the Chinese government is around 40%, and is only around 16% for the central government, lower than many other major economies. This has given us space for a proactive fiscal policy. A high savings rate in China means huge potential for the development of multi-tiered capital markets. It also means major leeway for improving financial regulation methods and financial resource allocation. We are in a position to create conditions to gradually lower corporate leverage ratio and financing costs in a market-based and law-based manner. We not only have sufficient policy tools to keep economic performance within the reasonable range. We also have strong ability to prevent systemic or regional risks.In the stage of transition, short-term fluctuations of economic growth are hardly avoidable, but the Chinese economy will not head for a “hard landing”. And we will be able to achieve the main economic and social development targets set for this year.

中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ蟆?yōu)勢足、空間廣，前景光明。我們有9億多勞動力，其中1.7億多受過高等教育或有專業(yè)技能，每年大學畢業(yè)生700多萬，中職畢業(yè)生500多萬。科技人員數(shù)量世界第一，研發(fā)投入世界第二，去年投入的資金1萬多億元。中國是世界第二大經(jīng)濟體、第一制造大國，還是貨物貿(mào)易和服務貿(mào)易大國、吸收外資和對外投資大國。中國也是世界第二大消費市場，中等收入群體數(shù)以億計并日益擴大，農(nóng)村貧困人口逐年減少，城鎮(zhèn)常住人口每年增加上千萬。這是一個世界上最具增長潛力的新興大市場，也是各方人才能夠充分發(fā)揮智力潛能、投資興業(yè)的大舞臺。我們對中國經(jīng)濟，不論是當前還是未來，都持樂觀態(tài)度。樂觀是充滿信心的表現(xiàn)，在市場經(jīng)濟條件下，信心引導預期，本身就是巨大的力量。

Looking ahead, the Chinese economy has huge potential, strong advantage, broad space and bright prospect. China has a 900 million strong workforce, among whom 170 million have received higher education or training in professional skills. Every year we produce over seven million college graduates and over five million graduates from secondary vocational schools. We are No.1 in the world in terms of the number of science professionals and No.2 in R&D input, with an input of over RMB 1 trillion made last year. China is the second biggest economy, the largest manufacturing country, a major trading nation in goods and services, and a major destination and source of foreign investment. It is also the world’s second largest consumer market. Its middle-income population is in the hundreds of millions and is still expanding. The number of the rural poor is falling year by year, while that of permanent urban residents is growing by over 10 million each year. All these make China a major emerging market with the biggest growth potential. It makes China a big stage where people from every corner could tap into their intellectual potential and start their business. We are optimistic about the current state and future prospect of the Chinese economy.Optimism is a sign of confidence, and in market economy conditions, confidence guides people’s expectations. This in itself generates powerful strength.