英語專業四級考試近義詞辨析（2）

　　在學習專業英語詞匯中，有時同義詞的辨析是很不容易的，我們一般從三方面進行區分，即：語法、語義和文體。語法主要是詞性、搭配、句式等的區分;語義主要是詞義的本義、引申義、比喻義和內涵和外延等的區分;文體主要是正式和非正式、褒義和貶義等的區分。

　　1.哭

　　cry: The most general one.

　　(哭泣) weep: To let flow tears.

　　(抽泣 抽嗒) sob: To weep or sigh with short quick breaths.

　　(哭天抹淚 涕淚交流) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner.

　　(哭嚎 又哭又鬧) blubber: To cry loudly noisily.

　　(發出低聲報怨聲) whine: To make a low complaining cry.

　　(嚎哭) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad sense).

　　(痛哭) wail: To cry aloud from pain or sorrow.

　　(呻吟) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in pain or sorrow.

　　(呻吟) grown: To make a low sound of pain, unhappiness or disapproval

　　(哀悼) mourn: To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died.

　　(哀悼) lament: To express great sorrow or regret.

　　2.美麗 漂亮

　　good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and women not things.

　　beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.

　　handsome: Of attractive appearance applies to men. a handsome fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.

　　pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece of music,

　　lovely: (something) So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it. The garden looks lovely.

　　fair: Beautiful( of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.

　　gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.

　　3.拉 拖

　　pull: The most general one.

　　draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion and generally a lighter force than pull.

　　drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity. The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.

　　haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky objects. The fisherman is hauling a net.

　　tug: It applies to hard often sudden violent effort to pull. He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.

　　jerk: To pull suddenly. He jerked out the knife that was stuck in the wound.

　　tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We towed the car to the nearest garage.

　　wrench: To pull hard with a twisting or turning movement.

　　4.旋轉 turn: The most general one.

　　(自轉) spin: To turn quickly around a central point. It emphasizes the continuity of the action, and usually the narrow extent of the circular motion. The wheel is spinning on its axis.

　　(急轉) whirl: To round very fast. It implies the lock of conscious control.

　　(轉動) rotate: To turn round a fixed point with a circular movement. The earth rotates once every 24 hours.

　　(繞轉) revolve: To turn or move in a circle around a central point. It indicates circular or elliptical (橢圓) movement. The planets revolve around the sun.

　　5.生氣 氣憤

　　anger: The most general one.

　　(易怒) be cross: Feeling easy to get angry.

　　(憤慨) indignation: (fml) Anger. It stresses righteous anger at what one considers unfair, mean or shameful.

　　We expressed our indignation at the ruthless exploitation.

　　(憤怒) wrath: Very treat anger. (literary) It suggests a desire on intent to revenge or punish.

　　(狂怒) rage: Wild, violent anger. It suggests loss of self- control from violence of emotion. in a rage /to fall into a rage.

　　(暴怒) fury: Violent, extreme and destructive anger. She flew into a fury.

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　　在學習專業英語詞匯中，有時同義詞的辨析是很不容易的，我們一般從三方面進行區分，即：語法、語義和文體。語法主要是詞性、搭配、句式等的區分;語義主要是詞義的本義、引申義、比喻義和內涵和外延等的區分;文體主要是正式和非正式、褒義和貶義等的區分。

　　1.哭

　　cry: The most general one.

　　(哭泣) weep: To let flow tears.

　　(抽泣 抽嗒) sob: To weep or sigh with short quick breaths.

　　(哭天抹淚 涕淚交流) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner.

　　(哭嚎 又哭又鬧) blubber: To cry loudly noisily.

　　(發出低聲報怨聲) whine: To make a low complaining cry.

　　(嚎哭) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad sense).

　　(痛哭) wail: To cry aloud from pain or sorrow.

　　(呻吟) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in pain or sorrow.

　　(呻吟) grown: To make a low sound of pain, unhappiness or disapproval

　　(哀悼) mourn: To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died.

　　(哀悼) lament: To express great sorrow or regret.

　　2.美麗 漂亮

　　good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and women not things.

　　beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.

　　handsome: Of attractive appearance applies to men. a handsome fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.

　　pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece of music,

　　lovely: (something) So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it. The garden looks lovely.

　　fair: Beautiful( of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.

　　gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.

　　3.拉 拖

　　pull: The most general one.

　　draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion and generally a lighter force than pull.

　　drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity. The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.

　　haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky objects. The fisherman is hauling a net.

　　tug: It applies to hard often sudden violent effort to pull. He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.

　　jerk: To pull suddenly. He jerked out the knife that was stuck in the wound.

　　tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We towed the car to the nearest garage.

　　wrench: To pull hard with a twisting or turning movement.

　　4.旋轉 turn: The most general one.

　　(自轉) spin: To turn quickly around a central point. It emphasizes the continuity of the action, and usually the narrow extent of the circular motion. The wheel is spinning on its axis.

　　(急轉) whirl: To round very fast. It implies the lock of conscious control.

　　(轉動) rotate: To turn round a fixed point with a circular movement. The earth rotates once every 24 hours.

　　(繞轉) revolve: To turn or move in a circle around a central point. It indicates circular or elliptical (橢圓) movement. The planets revolve around the sun.

　　5.生氣 氣憤

　　anger: The most general one.

　　(易怒) be cross: Feeling easy to get angry.

　　(憤慨) indignation: (fml) Anger. It stresses righteous anger at what one considers unfair, mean or shameful.

　　We expressed our indignation at the ruthless exploitation.

　　(憤怒) wrath: Very treat anger. (literary) It suggests a desire on intent to revenge or punish.

　　(狂怒) rage: Wild, violent anger. It suggests loss of self- control from violence of emotion. in a rage /to fall into a rage.

　　(暴怒) fury: Violent, extreme and destructive anger. She flew into a fury.

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