十五篇文章貫通大學英語四級CET4詞匯第四篇
During this period, William met and fell in love with a young actress, Marion Davies. Millicent, his wife and the mother of his five sons, including a set of twins, refused to dissolve the marriage, which obliged William to live in sin with the woman whom the tour guides refer to as his friend or companion.
With the death of his mother in 1919, William inherited the beloved quarter-million-acre ranch. At first, he planned to build modest ranch house on his favorite campsite but as he became more involved in the project, his vision of a monument to display his collections gained momentum. Working closely with family architect, Julia Morgan, William created a glorious and extraordinary castle-like structure, blending Spanish, European, and Californian architectural styles. Huge warehouses were built in San Simeon to store the shiploads of splendid antiques, including entire carved ceilings and walls hung with enormous tapestries. They could be installed in the completed rooms. Landscaping integrated exotic plants, hedges, and trees with native flora. As William was in his 60s, he had the insight to know he couldnt wait for them to grow, but he was optimistic. He ordered tons of fertile topsoil to cover the grounds to a depth of five feet and full-grown specimens of the plants were trucked up the mountain for planting.
With thousands of acres of land covered with grassland, trees, natural ponds, and man-made reservoirs available for use, William stocked the estate with herds of rare oxen and deer, and flocks of sheep and lambs. These animals flourished as they were allowed to wander freely. Larger, more dangerous beasts, including tigers, ostriches, buffalo, yaks, emus, kangaroos, llamas, zebras and giraffes were enclosed in the largest private zoo in the world.
The complex was ready for occupancy in 1927, but additions continued until 1947. Eventually it comprised the main house and three cottages, all of which are furnished with a variety of valuable antiques. Even the lavatories were specially equipped. Williams favorite room was said to be the library with its collections of more than 5,000 books, ancient Greek vases, and an antique Spanish ceiling suspended by cables so it will sway in the event of an earthquake .
In the 20s, 30s, and 40s, William loved part-time at the estate with his mistress, Marion Davies. They entertained to an excessive extent. To be invited to the castle was a privilege. Movie stars, politicians, businessmen, and even royalty were frequent guests. Many of these guests, including a British lord, Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith, Amelia Ear hart, and Charles Lindbergh, flew to the ranch, landing on the private airstrip.
Life on the hill was never dull. The visitors stayed in the main house or the cottages, depending on their prominence or their intimacy with the family and were free to roam the grounds, go riding on their choice of horses on the property. Company was expected, however, to meet in the main drawing room at 7:30 p.m. sharp, principally to amuse their host. Dinner was a formal affair beginning at 9:00 p.m. this meal was held in the immense dining room, the walls of which are lined with priceless panels from ancient European cathedrals . Following dinner, movies were shown in the private theater, starting at 11:00.
There were, however, three rules guests had to follow: do not get drunk; do not swear or tell off-color jokes; sleep in separate bedrooms if an unmarried couple. Food was not allowed in the rooms. If you wanted to eat, you could visit the kitchen if you could find it.
Although William was closely involved in all aspects of the construction and decoration of the mansion, he continued his business and social interest. No stranger to scandal, in November 1924, he found himself in the topic of headlines. The most enduring rumor was that, during a party on his yacht, he had found Marion kissing Charlie Chaplin. In a fit of jealousy he took a shot at Chaplin, missed, and accidentally his Thomas Ince, killing him. However, even though the morning papers carried the story, the evening paper and successive editions printed that Ince had died of acute indigestion.
In 1945, William initiated the Hearst Foundation and created the California Charities Foundation in 1948 . The Great Depression took its toll on even the wealthiest and William Randolph Hearst was no exception. His fantastically decadent lifestyle couldnt last forever, and gradually his finances began to suffer, beginning the next chapter in the saga of excesses. He came close to being bankrupt but Marion rescued him from debt, unselfishly selling her jewels and some other property to raise over a million dollars.
In 1947, due to his poor health, he was forced to move permanently to Beverly Hills. Marion looked after him during this time, seldom leaving his side. When he died in 1951 at the age of 88, she was shunned by his family and forbidden to attend his funeral.
The castle, its furnishings, the artworks in the gallery, and 127 acres of land were given to the state of California in 1957. Since that time, the California Department of Parks and Recreation has kept the castle open to tourists.
Today a visit to the estate begins near the site of the old airstrip. Guests are transported to the top of the hill via bus. One can still see the signs giving wandering animals the right-of-way on the lanes. Deer, cattle, and sheep often halt the buses progress up or down the mountain as they meander to the salt licks.
Depending on the tour one chooses, guides escort the public through a variety of rooms, gardens, cottages, and pools. The luxury of a bygone era is evident at every turn. From the moment you arrive at the stairway to the Neptune Pool until you bid farewell to your guides at the magnificent, golden and blue Roman Pool, you are reminded that a man had a dream. He had power and influence. Furthermore, he was prosperous enough to achieve his objectives and implement his dream.
在這個時期，威廉遇見了年輕的女演員馬里恩戴維斯并愛上了她。他的妻子，他5個兒子其中有一對雙胞胎的母親米莉森特，拒絕解除婚姻，迫使威廉與那個女人過著姘居的生活，導游提到她時就說是他的朋友或同伴。
1919年，他母親去世，威廉繼承了那個他深愛著的25萬英畝的牧場。起初，他計劃在他最喜歡的宿營地建一所普通的低矮平房，但當他更多地介入這個工程時，建一個紀念館來展示他的收藏品的想法占了上風。威廉與家庭建筑師朱莉亞摩根進一步密切協作，創造了一種氣派顯赫的像城堡一樣的結構，整合了西班牙、歐洲和加利福尼亞的建筑風格。在圣西蒙創造了巨大的倉庫存放成船的貴重古董，全部雕花的天花板以及用巨大掛毯裝飾的墻壁。它們可以安置到已完工的房間里來。把外來的植物、灌木和樹木結合進當地的植物種群，進一步美化景觀。威廉已經60多歲了，他清楚地知道他可能等不到它們長大，但他是樂觀的。他定購了成噸肥沃的表層土，覆蓋地面達5英尺深，把這些植物長好的樣品用卡車運到山上種植。
在可以利用的數千英畝的土地上，有草地、樹林、天然水池和人工水庫，威廉在莊園里放養了珍稀的牛群和鹿群，還有一群群的綿羊和小羊羔。因為允許它們自由漫游，這些動物健壯而活躍。那些大家伙，比較危險的野獸，包括老虎、鴕鳥、水牛、牦牛、鴯鹋、袋鼠、駱駝、斑馬和長頸鹿，則被關在這個世界上最大的私人動物園里。
那座綜合性建筑在1927年就已經可以使用，但擴建工程一直持續到1947年。最后，它包含了一幢主樓和三棟別墅，每一座的家具配備都使用各種貴重的古董。連廁所的設施都很特別。威廉最喜歡的房間據說是圖書室，里面有收藏的5，000多本書籍，古希臘的花瓶，以及一個用纜索懸吊起來的古代西班牙吊頂，一旦發生地震，吊頂就會搖擺。
20年代到40年代，威廉時常與他的情人馬里恩戴維斯居住于此。他們待客極盡奢華。被邀請到城堡是一種殊榮。電影明星、政治家、商人，還有皇室成員都是他們的常客。這些客人當中的很多人，包括一名英國的勛爵、查爾斯金福特史密斯先生、阿梅莉亞埃爾哈特、查爾斯林德伯格，曾直接飛到這個莊園，降落在這里的私人飛機跑道上。
山上的生活從來都不乏味。來訪者按他們的顯赫程度或與這個家庭的親密關系，或住在主樓里，或住在別墅中，在園子里自由散步，去馬廄里挑匹馬來騎，到水池里去游泳，或者在這塊領地上的私人球場上玩高爾夫球。不過，大家還是急切期盼著晚上7點30分在主畫室里同主人相見，顯然主要是想讓他們的主人高興。宴會是一項正式的活動，在晚上9點開始。這頓飯在巨大的餐廳進行，餐廳墻壁是用來自古代歐洲天主教堂的珍貴的鑲板拼成的。飯后，在私人影院上映電影，11點開始。
不過，有三條規矩客人必須遵守：不能醉酒;不能賭咒或開傷風敗俗的玩笑;還沒結婚的一對戀人要睡在不同的臥室。食物不能帶進房間。如果你想吃東西，可以到廚房去只要你找得到。
盡管威廉積極參與了這所豪宅的建設和裝飾的各個方向，他仍然在繼續他的商業和社交活動。對流言蜚語習以為常的他，1924年11月，發現自己上了頭條資訊。那是一個流行已久的謠言：在游艇上的一次聚會上，他發現馬里恩在親吻查里卓別林，他妒火中燒，于是向卓別林開了一槍，偏了，卻意外地擊中了托馬斯因斯，殺死了他。不過，盡管早上的報紙登載了這個故事，但晚上的報紙和更多的版面就登出因斯死于急性消化不良。
1945年，威廉建立赫斯特基金會。1948年創立加利福尼亞慈善基金會。大蕭條對即使是最富有的人都會帶來損失，威廉倫道夫也不例外。他那種荒誕放縱的生活方式不能再繼續下去了，他的財政開始逐漸吃緊。這種放蕩生活的下一篇章開始了。就在他行將破產的時候，馬里恩在把他從債務中挽救出來。她無私地賣掉了她的珠寶和一些其他的地產，籌集了100多萬美元。
1947年，由于健康狀況惡化，他被迫永久地住在貝弗莉山上。馬里恩在此期間一直照顧他，幾乎沒有離開過他的身邊。當他于1951年88歲去世時，她卻被他的家庭有意避開，并被禁止參加葬禮。
這座城堡，連同里面的家具設施，走廊里的藝術品，以及127英畝的土地在1957年給了加利福尼亞政府。從那時起，加利福尼亞公園和娛樂部一直把這座城堡向游人開放。
今天游覽到這個莊園，起點就在舊飛機跑道所在位置附近。客人們乘巴士到山頂。路上，仍然可以看見讓放養的動物們優先通行的標示牌。鹿、牛和羊悠閑地在鹽漬地舔食時，常常迫使正在行駛的上下山巴士停下來。
根據你選好的路線，導游會陪你經過各種房間、花園、別墅和水池。處處顯現出昔日的奢華。從到達通向尼普頓水池樓梯的那一刻起，到在金碧輝煌的羅馬水池邊對導游說再見，你會一直想起一個有夢想的人。他有才能和影響力。而且他曾經飛黃騰達，能夠達到他的目的并實現他的夢想。
During this period, William met and fell in love with a young actress, Marion Davies. Millicent, his wife and the mother of his five sons, including a set of twins, refused to dissolve the marriage, which obliged William to live in sin with the woman whom the tour guides refer to as his friend or companion.
With the death of his mother in 1919, William inherited the beloved quarter-million-acre ranch. At first, he planned to build modest ranch house on his favorite campsite but as he became more involved in the project, his vision of a monument to display his collections gained momentum. Working closely with family architect, Julia Morgan, William created a glorious and extraordinary castle-like structure, blending Spanish, European, and Californian architectural styles. Huge warehouses were built in San Simeon to store the shiploads of splendid antiques, including entire carved ceilings and walls hung with enormous tapestries. They could be installed in the completed rooms. Landscaping integrated exotic plants, hedges, and trees with native flora. As William was in his 60s, he had the insight to know he couldnt wait for them to grow, but he was optimistic. He ordered tons of fertile topsoil to cover the grounds to a depth of five feet and full-grown specimens of the plants were trucked up the mountain for planting.
With thousands of acres of land covered with grassland, trees, natural ponds, and man-made reservoirs available for use, William stocked the estate with herds of rare oxen and deer, and flocks of sheep and lambs. These animals flourished as they were allowed to wander freely. Larger, more dangerous beasts, including tigers, ostriches, buffalo, yaks, emus, kangaroos, llamas, zebras and giraffes were enclosed in the largest private zoo in the world.
The complex was ready for occupancy in 1927, but additions continued until 1947. Eventually it comprised the main house and three cottages, all of which are furnished with a variety of valuable antiques. Even the lavatories were specially equipped. Williams favorite room was said to be the library with its collections of more than 5,000 books, ancient Greek vases, and an antique Spanish ceiling suspended by cables so it will sway in the event of an earthquake .
In the 20s, 30s, and 40s, William loved part-time at the estate with his mistress, Marion Davies. They entertained to an excessive extent. To be invited to the castle was a privilege. Movie stars, politicians, businessmen, and even royalty were frequent guests. Many of these guests, including a British lord, Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith, Amelia Ear hart, and Charles Lindbergh, flew to the ranch, landing on the private airstrip.
Life on the hill was never dull. The visitors stayed in the main house or the cottages, depending on their prominence or their intimacy with the family and were free to roam the grounds, go riding on their choice of horses on the property. Company was expected, however, to meet in the main drawing room at 7:30 p.m. sharp, principally to amuse their host. Dinner was a formal affair beginning at 9:00 p.m. this meal was held in the immense dining room, the walls of which are lined with priceless panels from ancient European cathedrals . Following dinner, movies were shown in the private theater, starting at 11:00.
There were, however, three rules guests had to follow: do not get drunk; do not swear or tell off-color jokes; sleep in separate bedrooms if an unmarried couple. Food was not allowed in the rooms. If you wanted to eat, you could visit the kitchen if you could find it.
Although William was closely involved in all aspects of the construction and decoration of the mansion, he continued his business and social interest. No stranger to scandal, in November 1924, he found himself in the topic of headlines. The most enduring rumor was that, during a party on his yacht, he had found Marion kissing Charlie Chaplin. In a fit of jealousy he took a shot at Chaplin, missed, and accidentally his Thomas Ince, killing him. However, even though the morning papers carried the story, the evening paper and successive editions printed that Ince had died of acute indigestion.
In 1945, William initiated the Hearst Foundation and created the California Charities Foundation in 1948 . The Great Depression took its toll on even the wealthiest and William Randolph Hearst was no exception. His fantastically decadent lifestyle couldnt last forever, and gradually his finances began to suffer, beginning the next chapter in the saga of excesses. He came close to being bankrupt but Marion rescued him from debt, unselfishly selling her jewels and some other property to raise over a million dollars.
In 1947, due to his poor health, he was forced to move permanently to Beverly Hills. Marion looked after him during this time, seldom leaving his side. When he died in 1951 at the age of 88, she was shunned by his family and forbidden to attend his funeral.
The castle, its furnishings, the artworks in the gallery, and 127 acres of land were given to the state of California in 1957. Since that time, the California Department of Parks and Recreation has kept the castle open to tourists.
Today a visit to the estate begins near the site of the old airstrip. Guests are transported to the top of the hill via bus. One can still see the signs giving wandering animals the right-of-way on the lanes. Deer, cattle, and sheep often halt the buses progress up or down the mountain as they meander to the salt licks.
Depending on the tour one chooses, guides escort the public through a variety of rooms, gardens, cottages, and pools. The luxury of a bygone era is evident at every turn. From the moment you arrive at the stairway to the Neptune Pool until you bid farewell to your guides at the magnificent, golden and blue Roman Pool, you are reminded that a man had a dream. He had power and influence. Furthermore, he was prosperous enough to achieve his objectives and implement his dream.
在這個時期，威廉遇見了年輕的女演員馬里恩戴維斯并愛上了她。他的妻子，他5個兒子其中有一對雙胞胎的母親米莉森特，拒絕解除婚姻，迫使威廉與那個女人過著姘居的生活，導游提到她時就說是他的朋友或同伴。
1919年，他母親去世，威廉繼承了那個他深愛著的25萬英畝的牧場。起初，他計劃在他最喜歡的宿營地建一所普通的低矮平房，但當他更多地介入這個工程時，建一個紀念館來展示他的收藏品的想法占了上風。威廉與家庭建筑師朱莉亞摩根進一步密切協作，創造了一種氣派顯赫的像城堡一樣的結構，整合了西班牙、歐洲和加利福尼亞的建筑風格。在圣西蒙創造了巨大的倉庫存放成船的貴重古董，全部雕花的天花板以及用巨大掛毯裝飾的墻壁。它們可以安置到已完工的房間里來。把外來的植物、灌木和樹木結合進當地的植物種群，進一步美化景觀。威廉已經60多歲了，他清楚地知道他可能等不到它們長大，但他是樂觀的。他定購了成噸肥沃的表層土，覆蓋地面達5英尺深，把這些植物長好的樣品用卡車運到山上種植。
在可以利用的數千英畝的土地上，有草地、樹林、天然水池和人工水庫，威廉在莊園里放養了珍稀的牛群和鹿群，還有一群群的綿羊和小羊羔。因為允許它們自由漫游，這些動物健壯而活躍。那些大家伙，比較危險的野獸，包括老虎、鴕鳥、水牛、牦牛、鴯鹋、袋鼠、駱駝、斑馬和長頸鹿，則被關在這個世界上最大的私人動物園里。
那座綜合性建筑在1927年就已經可以使用，但擴建工程一直持續到1947年。最后，它包含了一幢主樓和三棟別墅，每一座的家具配備都使用各種貴重的古董。連廁所的設施都很特別。威廉最喜歡的房間據說是圖書室，里面有收藏的5，000多本書籍，古希臘的花瓶，以及一個用纜索懸吊起來的古代西班牙吊頂，一旦發生地震，吊頂就會搖擺。
20年代到40年代，威廉時常與他的情人馬里恩戴維斯居住于此。他們待客極盡奢華。被邀請到城堡是一種殊榮。電影明星、政治家、商人，還有皇室成員都是他們的常客。這些客人當中的很多人，包括一名英國的勛爵、查爾斯金福特史密斯先生、阿梅莉亞埃爾哈特、查爾斯林德伯格，曾直接飛到這個莊園，降落在這里的私人飛機跑道上。
山上的生活從來都不乏味。來訪者按他們的顯赫程度或與這個家庭的親密關系，或住在主樓里，或住在別墅中，在園子里自由散步，去馬廄里挑匹馬來騎，到水池里去游泳，或者在這塊領地上的私人球場上玩高爾夫球。不過，大家還是急切期盼著晚上7點30分在主畫室里同主人相見，顯然主要是想讓他們的主人高興。宴會是一項正式的活動，在晚上9點開始。這頓飯在巨大的餐廳進行，餐廳墻壁是用來自古代歐洲天主教堂的珍貴的鑲板拼成的。飯后，在私人影院上映電影，11點開始。
不過，有三條規矩客人必須遵守：不能醉酒;不能賭咒或開傷風敗俗的玩笑;還沒結婚的一對戀人要睡在不同的臥室。食物不能帶進房間。如果你想吃東西，可以到廚房去只要你找得到。
盡管威廉積極參與了這所豪宅的建設和裝飾的各個方向，他仍然在繼續他的商業和社交活動。對流言蜚語習以為常的他，1924年11月，發現自己上了頭條資訊。那是一個流行已久的謠言：在游艇上的一次聚會上，他發現馬里恩在親吻查里卓別林，他妒火中燒，于是向卓別林開了一槍，偏了，卻意外地擊中了托馬斯因斯，殺死了他。不過，盡管早上的報紙登載了這個故事，但晚上的報紙和更多的版面就登出因斯死于急性消化不良。
1945年，威廉建立赫斯特基金會。1948年創立加利福尼亞慈善基金會。大蕭條對即使是最富有的人都會帶來損失，威廉倫道夫也不例外。他那種荒誕放縱的生活方式不能再繼續下去了，他的財政開始逐漸吃緊。這種放蕩生活的下一篇章開始了。就在他行將破產的時候，馬里恩在把他從債務中挽救出來。她無私地賣掉了她的珠寶和一些其他的地產，籌集了100多萬美元。
1947年，由于健康狀況惡化，他被迫永久地住在貝弗莉山上。馬里恩在此期間一直照顧他，幾乎沒有離開過他的身邊。當他于1951年88歲去世時，她卻被他的家庭有意避開，并被禁止參加葬禮。
這座城堡，連同里面的家具設施，走廊里的藝術品，以及127英畝的土地在1957年給了加利福尼亞政府。從那時起，加利福尼亞公園和娛樂部一直把這座城堡向游人開放。
今天游覽到這個莊園，起點就在舊飛機跑道所在位置附近。客人們乘巴士到山頂。路上，仍然可以看見讓放養的動物們優先通行的標示牌。鹿、牛和羊悠閑地在鹽漬地舔食時，常常迫使正在行駛的上下山巴士停下來。
根據你選好的路線，導游會陪你經過各種房間、花園、別墅和水池。處處顯現出昔日的奢華。從到達通向尼普頓水池樓梯的那一刻起，到在金碧輝煌的羅馬水池邊對導游說再見，你會一直想起一個有夢想的人。他有才能和影響力。而且他曾經飛黃騰達，能夠達到他的目的并實現他的夢想。
