英語四六級詞匯解析7
冠詞和數(shù)詞――數(shù)詞
表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞,數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞;表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。
一、基數(shù)詞
1)基數(shù)詞寫法和讀法: 345 three hundred and forty-five;
2)基數(shù)詞一般是單數(shù)形式,但下列情況,常用復(fù)數(shù):
a. 與of 短語連用,表示概數(shù),不能與具體數(shù)目連 用,如scores of people 指許多人;
b. 在一些表示一排或一組的詞組里;
如:They arrived in twos and threes. 他們?nèi)齼蓛傻牡竭_(dá)了。
c. 表示幾十歲;
d. 表示年代,用 in +the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù);
e. 在乘法運(yùn)算的一種表示法里,如:3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen.
二、序數(shù)詞
序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式: first――1st second――2nd thirty-first――31st
三、 數(shù)詞的用法
1)倍數(shù)表示法
a. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ the size (amount,length) of
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ 形容詞(副詞)比較級+ than
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%.
d. 還可以用by+倍數(shù),表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了4倍。
2)分?jǐn)?shù)表示法
構(gòu)成:基數(shù)詞代表分子,序數(shù)詞代表分母。分子大于1時,分子的序數(shù)詞用單數(shù),分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù):
1/3 one-third ; 3/37 three and three-sevenths.
代詞――人稱代詞的用法
1)人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或主語補(bǔ)語,例如:
John waited a while but eventually he went home.
約翰等了一會兒,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.
約翰希望那位乘客是瑪麗,還真是她。
說明:在復(fù)合句中,如果主句和從句主語相同,代詞主語要用在從句中,名詞主語用在主句中,例如:
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.
約翰一到就直接去銀行了。
2)人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語,但在口語中也能作主語補(bǔ)語,第一人稱在省略句中,還可以作主語,例如:
I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
我看到她和他們在一起,至少我認(rèn)為是她。(her做賓 語,them做介詞賓語,her做主語補(bǔ)語)
a. ―― Who broke the vase? ――誰打碎了花瓶?
b. ―― Me. ――我。(me做主語補(bǔ)語= Its me.)
說明:在上面兩例句中,her和me分別作主語補(bǔ)語。現(xiàn)代英語中多用賓格,在正式文體中這里應(yīng)為she和I.
冠詞和數(shù)詞――數(shù)詞
表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞,數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞;表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。
一、基數(shù)詞
1)基數(shù)詞寫法和讀法: 345 three hundred and forty-five;
2)基數(shù)詞一般是單數(shù)形式,但下列情況,常用復(fù)數(shù):
a. 與of 短語連用,表示概數(shù),不能與具體數(shù)目連 用,如scores of people 指許多人;
b. 在一些表示一排或一組的詞組里;
如:They arrived in twos and threes. 他們?nèi)齼蓛傻牡竭_(dá)了。
c. 表示幾十歲;
d. 表示年代,用 in +the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù);
e. 在乘法運(yùn)算的一種表示法里,如:3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen.
二、序數(shù)詞
序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式: first――1st second――2nd thirty-first――31st
三、 數(shù)詞的用法
1)倍數(shù)表示法
a. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ the size (amount,length) of
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ 形容詞(副詞)比較級+ than
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%.
d. 還可以用by+倍數(shù),表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了4倍。
2)分?jǐn)?shù)表示法
構(gòu)成:基數(shù)詞代表分子,序數(shù)詞代表分母。分子大于1時,分子的序數(shù)詞用單數(shù),分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù):
1/3 one-third ; 3/37 three and three-sevenths.
代詞――人稱代詞的用法
1)人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或主語補(bǔ)語,例如:
John waited a while but eventually he went home.
約翰等了一會兒,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.
約翰希望那位乘客是瑪麗,還真是她。
說明:在復(fù)合句中,如果主句和從句主語相同,代詞主語要用在從句中,名詞主語用在主句中,例如:
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.
約翰一到就直接去銀行了。
2)人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語,但在口語中也能作主語補(bǔ)語,第一人稱在省略句中,還可以作主語,例如:
I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
我看到她和他們在一起,至少我認(rèn)為是她。(her做賓 語,them做介詞賓語,her做主語補(bǔ)語)
a. ―― Who broke the vase? ――誰打碎了花瓶?
b. ―― Me. ――我。(me做主語補(bǔ)語= Its me.)
說明:在上面兩例句中,her和me分別作主語補(bǔ)語。現(xiàn)代英語中多用賓格,在正式文體中這里應(yīng)為she和I.