英語四級(jí)閱讀題考試必備的精講課程17

　　It s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you ve judged roughly, said __1__ things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and __2__ that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn t it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is __3__, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and __4__ is expressed.I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No __5__ cause could be found. Finally my friend said to the man, Unless you tell me what s worrying you, I can t helPyou. After some hesitation, the man __6__ that, as executor of his faher s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his __7__. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking __8__ and enclosing a cheque as the first stePin restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. Thank you, He said, I think I m __9__. And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only __10__ a damaged relationshiPbut also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.A)heal B)mental C)unkind D)regretE)accurately F)confessed G)inheritance H)physicalI)cured J)treat K)truly L)unfaithfulM)forgiveness N)disturbed O)excuse

　　Answers:1.選C)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。從后面的pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend可知，說的是不好的話，可選項(xiàng)有unkind和unfaithful，但由前面的judged roughly 粗魯?shù)脑u(píng)判 可知這里表示說話時(shí)不考慮他人的感受，因此unkind 刻薄的 更加符合上下文語氣。

　　2.選K)。由clearly and一詞可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞，與closely一起修飾道歉時(shí)的情形。選項(xiàng)有accurately和truly,由 回想一下你曾明確地并......地表示自己歉意的場合 ，能使句意通順的是truly 真誠地 ，而accurately一般表示 (數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算得)精確地 ，故排除。

　　3.選N)。it stays out of balance until...，其中it=some mysterious moral feeling可推出，出于道義上的原因，人會(huì)感到不安，故選disturbed 不安的 。而confessed 公開承認(rèn)的 不符合句意。

　　4.選D)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。從 知道承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，表達(dá)......之后，才能覺得安心， 選項(xiàng)中只有regret 歉意 符合題意。

　　5.選H)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由headaches，insomnia(失眠)and stomach trouble可推出，可選項(xiàng)有mental和physical，由朋友的話 Unless... Worrying you, I can t helPyou. 可知這個(gè)人是由于心理上的原因，而不是生理上的，故選physical即No physical cause...。

　　6.選F)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞有confessed，cured和disturbed，但由After some hesitation可推出，此人是在向醫(yī)生坦白情況，故選擇confessed 坦白 。

　　7.選G)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由as executor of his father s will可推知，此處說明的是，在遺產(chǎn)繼承方面，他一直在欺騙他居住在國外的兄弟，故只有選項(xiàng)inheritance符合題意。

　　8.選M)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由restoring their good relation可推知，他是寫信給他兄弟請(qǐng)求原諒，故選項(xiàng)中只有forgiveness符合題意。選項(xiàng)中excuse用作名詞時(shí)，一般解釋為 理由，借口 而沒有 原諒 的意思，故排除。

　　9.選I)。由第二段最后一句waht s worrying you和這個(gè)人的感情Thank you可推出，此處說明的是醫(yī)生治好了他的心病，選項(xiàng)中只有cured符合題意。

　　10.選A)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的圓形。But also make it stronger 使人際關(guān)系更加穩(wěn)固 ，it指代a damaged relationship，由此可知，空格處應(yīng)填表示 修復(fù) 的詞，選項(xiàng)中的heal則有 治愈，修復(fù) 的意思，符合原文意思。treat一般專指醫(yī)學(xué)上的治療，用在此處不合適。

　　導(dǎo)讀：It s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you ve judged roughly, said C)unkind things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and K)truly that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn t it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is N)disturbed, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and D)regret is expressed.

　　I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No H)physical cause could be found. Finally my friend said to the man, Unless you tell me what s worrying you, I can t helPyou. After some hesitation, the man F)confessed that, as executor of his faher s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his G)inheritance. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking M)forgiveness and enclosing a cheque as the first stePin restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. Thank you, He said, I think I m I)cured. And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only A)heal a damaged relationshiPbut also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have weonged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.

　　全文翻譯：要承認(rèn)你自己的錯(cuò)誤，并非易事。作為人來說，我們有必要了解道歉的藝術(shù)。用誠實(shí)的態(tài)度作個(gè)回顧，想想自己曾經(jīng)作過多少次粗魯?shù)脑u(píng)判，說過多少次不友好的話，或者做過多少次以犧牲朋友為代價(jià)而凸顯自己的事情。然后清點(diǎn)一下你曾明確并誠懇地表示自己歉意的場合。事實(shí)有些令人不安，不是嗎?你感到不安是因?yàn)槲覀儚膬?nèi)心深處知道，即便犯了一個(gè)小小的錯(cuò)誤，出于道德情感，會(huì)感到心神不安;非要承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，表達(dá)歉意之后，才能覺得安心。我記得我的一位當(dāng)醫(yī)生的朋友，告訴我有個(gè)人找他看病。這個(gè)人表現(xiàn)出幾種不同的癥狀，頭疼，失眠，胃疼，但又找不到任何生理方面的原因。最后，利伯醫(yī)生對(duì)這個(gè)人說， 除非你告訴我你的煩惱，否則我?guī)筒涣四恪?片刻猶豫之后，這個(gè)人坦言，作為他父親遺囑的執(zhí)行人，在遺產(chǎn)繼承方面，他一直在欺騙他居住在國外的兄弟。當(dāng)場，這位明智的老醫(yī)生就要求這個(gè)人給他的兄弟寫信請(qǐng)求寬恕，并附支票一張作為恢復(fù)他們友好關(guān)系的第一步。然后，醫(yī)生陪這個(gè)人到走廊里的郵箱去寄信。當(dāng)信寄出后，此人放聲大哭， 非常感謝， 他說， 我想我痊愈了。 他的確好了。真心誠意的道歉不僅能修復(fù)已經(jīng)遭到破壞的人際關(guān)系，而且能使這種關(guān)系變得更加穩(wěn)固。如果你想起了某個(gè)值得你道歉的人，或者你冤枉過的或僅僅是忽視了的人，那么現(xiàn)在就快去道個(gè)歉吧。閱讀文章的結(jié)構(gòu)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠讓我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)更迅速地把握文章的脈絡(luò)和文章主旨，對(duì)于提高做題效率更有重要意義。 文章的結(jié)構(gòu)模式大體上分為四類。這四類文章在一篇文章中并不是獨(dú)立存在的，有時(shí)往往是幾種段落結(jié)構(gòu)模式交織在一起。總分型 這類文章遵循從觀點(diǎn)到材料，從抽象到具體的邏輯法則，其基本框架是先總論后分論，中心論點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在分論之前。問題解決型 首先說明情況和背景，然后提出問題，接著作出反應(yīng)，也就是解決問題，當(dāng)然問題也可能沒有解決或沒有完全解決，最后給予適當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)價(jià)或者分析。總體布局上有時(shí)會(huì)舍去背景部分或評(píng)價(jià)部分。匹配型 段落的發(fā)展主線為兩種事物之間的類比：兩種論點(diǎn)概論----一種論點(diǎn)----另一種論點(diǎn);或者是現(xiàn)象----一種事物----另一種事物----得出結(jié)論。作者一般不發(fā)表態(tài)度和結(jié)論。假設(shè)真實(shí)型 文章結(jié)構(gòu)模式是：假設(shè)觀點(diǎn)----進(jìn)行反駁----作者觀點(diǎn)。作者往往在文中開頭即提出一種觀點(diǎn)或主張，然后從贊同與反對(duì)兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行反駁或澄清，經(jīng)過論證之后才提出作者本人的觀點(diǎn)。

　　It s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you ve judged roughly, said __1__ things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and __2__ that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn t it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is __3__, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and __4__ is expressed.I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No __5__ cause could be found. Finally my friend said to the man, Unless you tell me what s worrying you, I can t helPyou. After some hesitation, the man __6__ that, as executor of his faher s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his __7__. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking __8__ and enclosing a cheque as the first stePin restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. Thank you, He said, I think I m __9__. And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only __10__ a damaged relationshiPbut also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.A)heal B)mental C)unkind D)regretE)accurately F)confessed G)inheritance H)physicalI)cured J)treat K)truly L)unfaithfulM)forgiveness N)disturbed O)excuse

　　Answers:1.選C)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。從后面的pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend可知，說的是不好的話，可選項(xiàng)有unkind和unfaithful，但由前面的judged roughly 粗魯?shù)脑u(píng)判 可知這里表示說話時(shí)不考慮他人的感受，因此unkind 刻薄的 更加符合上下文語氣。

　　2.選K)。由clearly and一詞可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞，與closely一起修飾道歉時(shí)的情形。選項(xiàng)有accurately和truly,由 回想一下你曾明確地并......地表示自己歉意的場合 ，能使句意通順的是truly 真誠地 ，而accurately一般表示 (數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算得)精確地 ，故排除。

　　3.選N)。it stays out of balance until...，其中it=some mysterious moral feeling可推出，出于道義上的原因，人會(huì)感到不安，故選disturbed 不安的 。而confessed 公開承認(rèn)的 不符合句意。

　　4.選D)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。從 知道承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，表達(dá)......之后，才能覺得安心， 選項(xiàng)中只有regret 歉意 符合題意。

　　5.選H)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由headaches，insomnia(失眠)and stomach trouble可推出，可選項(xiàng)有mental和physical，由朋友的話 Unless... Worrying you, I can t helPyou. 可知這個(gè)人是由于心理上的原因，而不是生理上的，故選physical即No physical cause...。

　　6.選F)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞有confessed，cured和disturbed，但由After some hesitation可推出，此人是在向醫(yī)生坦白情況，故選擇confessed 坦白 。

　　7.選G)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由as executor of his father s will可推知，此處說明的是，在遺產(chǎn)繼承方面，他一直在欺騙他居住在國外的兄弟，故只有選項(xiàng)inheritance符合題意。

　　8.選M)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由restoring their good relation可推知，他是寫信給他兄弟請(qǐng)求原諒，故選項(xiàng)中只有forgiveness符合題意。選項(xiàng)中excuse用作名詞時(shí)，一般解釋為 理由，借口 而沒有 原諒 的意思，故排除。

　　9.選I)。由第二段最后一句waht s worrying you和這個(gè)人的感情Thank you可推出，此處說明的是醫(yī)生治好了他的心病，選項(xiàng)中只有cured符合題意。

　　10.選A)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的圓形。But also make it stronger 使人際關(guān)系更加穩(wěn)固 ，it指代a damaged relationship，由此可知，空格處應(yīng)填表示 修復(fù) 的詞，選項(xiàng)中的heal則有 治愈，修復(fù) 的意思，符合原文意思。treat一般專指醫(yī)學(xué)上的治療，用在此處不合適。

　　導(dǎo)讀：It s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you ve judged roughly, said C)unkind things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and K)truly that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn t it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is N)disturbed, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and D)regret is expressed.

　　I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No H)physical cause could be found. Finally my friend said to the man, Unless you tell me what s worrying you, I can t helPyou. After some hesitation, the man F)confessed that, as executor of his faher s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his G)inheritance. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking M)forgiveness and enclosing a cheque as the first stePin restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. Thank you, He said, I think I m I)cured. And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only A)heal a damaged relationshiPbut also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have weonged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.

　　全文翻譯：要承認(rèn)你自己的錯(cuò)誤，并非易事。作為人來說，我們有必要了解道歉的藝術(shù)。用誠實(shí)的態(tài)度作個(gè)回顧，想想自己曾經(jīng)作過多少次粗魯?shù)脑u(píng)判，說過多少次不友好的話，或者做過多少次以犧牲朋友為代價(jià)而凸顯自己的事情。然后清點(diǎn)一下你曾明確并誠懇地表示自己歉意的場合。事實(shí)有些令人不安，不是嗎?你感到不安是因?yàn)槲覀儚膬?nèi)心深處知道，即便犯了一個(gè)小小的錯(cuò)誤，出于道德情感，會(huì)感到心神不安;非要承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，表達(dá)歉意之后，才能覺得安心。我記得我的一位當(dāng)醫(yī)生的朋友，告訴我有個(gè)人找他看病。這個(gè)人表現(xiàn)出幾種不同的癥狀，頭疼，失眠，胃疼，但又找不到任何生理方面的原因。最后，利伯醫(yī)生對(duì)這個(gè)人說， 除非你告訴我你的煩惱，否則我?guī)筒涣四恪?片刻猶豫之后，這個(gè)人坦言，作為他父親遺囑的執(zhí)行人，在遺產(chǎn)繼承方面，他一直在欺騙他居住在國外的兄弟。當(dāng)場，這位明智的老醫(yī)生就要求這個(gè)人給他的兄弟寫信請(qǐng)求寬恕，并附支票一張作為恢復(fù)他們友好關(guān)系的第一步。然后，醫(yī)生陪這個(gè)人到走廊里的郵箱去寄信。當(dāng)信寄出后，此人放聲大哭， 非常感謝， 他說， 我想我痊愈了。 他的確好了。真心誠意的道歉不僅能修復(fù)已經(jīng)遭到破壞的人際關(guān)系，而且能使這種關(guān)系變得更加穩(wěn)固。如果你想起了某個(gè)值得你道歉的人，或者你冤枉過的或僅僅是忽視了的人，那么現(xiàn)在就快去道個(gè)歉吧。閱讀文章的結(jié)構(gòu)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠讓我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)更迅速地把握文章的脈絡(luò)和文章主旨，對(duì)于提高做題效率更有重要意義。 文章的結(jié)構(gòu)模式大體上分為四類。這四類文章在一篇文章中并不是獨(dú)立存在的，有時(shí)往往是幾種段落結(jié)構(gòu)模式交織在一起。總分型 這類文章遵循從觀點(diǎn)到材料，從抽象到具體的邏輯法則，其基本框架是先總論后分論，中心論點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在分論之前。問題解決型 首先說明情況和背景，然后提出問題，接著作出反應(yīng)，也就是解決問題，當(dāng)然問題也可能沒有解決或沒有完全解決，最后給予適當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)價(jià)或者分析。總體布局上有時(shí)會(huì)舍去背景部分或評(píng)價(jià)部分。匹配型 段落的發(fā)展主線為兩種事物之間的類比：兩種論點(diǎn)概論----一種論點(diǎn)----另一種論點(diǎn);或者是現(xiàn)象----一種事物----另一種事物----得出結(jié)論。作者一般不發(fā)表態(tài)度和結(jié)論。假設(shè)真實(shí)型 文章結(jié)構(gòu)模式是：假設(shè)觀點(diǎn)----進(jìn)行反駁----作者觀點(diǎn)。作者往往在文中開頭即提出一種觀點(diǎn)或主張，然后從贊同與反對(duì)兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行反駁或澄清，經(jīng)過論證之后才提出作者本人的觀點(diǎn)。